1 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Dazhai, a village     1     (surround) by mountains on all sides in Guangxi's Longsheng autonomous county of various ethnic groups, which boasts around 66 square kilometers of terraced (梯田形的) fields that have been cultivated for around 2,300 years,     2     (attract) tens of thousands of visitors every year. Its terraced fields follow     3     landform of the mountains, at heights ranging from 300 to 1,200 meters above sea level. So far, from swiftly flowing river valleys to mist-covered mountains, dense forests and steep cliffs, wherever there is water and soil, terraces     4     (dig).

Those in Dazhai are important     5     (representative) of Longji terracing, a well-known type of terrace that can be found all over the county. The highest tier (层) has more than 1,100 levels,     6     (wind) from the foot of the mountain to the top, creating a magnificent landscape     7     resembles a staircase to the clouds. The largest terrace is no more than an acre     8     size, while the smallest only accommodates a handful of rice seedlings (秧苗).

Longji terraces are based on an environmental practice that focuses on harmony between humans and nature     9     the dynamic balance of forests and fields. They are not just beautiful landscapes but also carriers of Zhuang and Yao culture.

Longji terraces are an important model of ancient Chinese water     10     (manage) and agricultural civilization that has been passed down to the present day. Visitors can appreciate the way the Zhuang and Yao ethnic groups have farmed the terraces and how ancestral farming methods have been preserved.

2 . Dave had always loved the ocean. You wouldn’t believe how excited he was at Christmas when seeing a gift-wrapped _______   .

But when he began to surf, something _______ happened. Dave thought he knew the water well, but a big wave _______ him away. Dave felt powerless against the _______ in the deep water and lost confidence. Just then another surfer paddled (蹚水) up beside him. “Can I help you?” he asked. Dave _______ him. It was Mike. “I can help you back to shore.” he continued, “First, you need to _______ that fear and relax a little.” Dave began to relax his grip (紧抓).“Good,” said Mike. “Let the wave pick you up, then _______ your weight forward. As you start to build up speed, move your _______ back until you feel balanced. Just enjoy the ride.”

When Dave reached the _______ near the shore, he was bursting with excitement, fascinated that the current which had terrified him was seen as a helpful way by Mike. He had ________ this. He was right to be ________ of the big waves, but no longer did he feel out of his ________ .“Looks like you don't need me any longer,” said Mike. “You are a ________ . Have fun.”

Dave took a last wave, ________ it confidently to the shore. Watching the signs of the tide and the size of the waves, he realized they hadn't changed. It was he who was really different —stronger and more confident. The previous ________ had given way to joy and exhilaration.

1.

A．surfboard

B．wetsuit

C．shorts

D．glasses

2.

A．exciting

B．joyful

C．scary

D．sorrowful

3.

A．put

B．swept

C．gave

D．attracted

4.

A．beach

B．seaweed

C．shore

D．current

5.

A．recognized

B．challenged

C．questioned

D．joined

6.

A．think of

B．speak of

C．let go of

D．take notice of

7.

A．take

B．load

C．bear

D．shift

8.

A．weight

B．focus

C．legs

D．hands

9.

A．sands

B．shallows

C．destination

D．center

10.

A．quit

B．shared

C．doubted

D．grasped

11.

A．cautious

B．tired

C．afraid

D．sceptical

12.

A．sight

B．breath

C．depth

D．mind

13.

A．survivor

B．competitor

C．professional

D．natural

14.

A．fighting

B．riding

C．breaking

D．beating

15.

A．self-respect

B．self-confidence

C．self-doubt

D．self-criticism

3 . Do you have an uncle believing vaccines cause autism (自闭症) but refusing to do further research? What about a friend avoiding information about factory animal farming so he can eat cheap meat guilt-free?

Each is an example of willful ignorance—the intentional act of avoiding information that reveals the negative consequences of one's actions. To find out why people engage in it, a team of researchers performed an analysis on the evidence of willful ignorance, comparing the results of 22 studies with over 6,000 participants.

Participants were randomly assigned the role of decision-makers or recipients (接受者). The decision-makers were given a choice: They could take a $ 5 or $ 6 payout. If they took $ 5, the recipient would also receive $ 5. If they took $ 6, the recipient would receive $ 1. Most decision-makers acted altruistically. They made a slight sacrifice to give the recipient more money. On average, only about a quarter of decision-makers acted selfishly.

In another study, the decision-makers could still choose between the $5 or $6 payouts, but they were not told what the recipient would receive. There was a 50-50 chance the recipient would receive $ 5 or $1. Importantly, the decision-makers could ask the researchers what payout the recipient would receive, and they could do so at no cost to themselves. 44% of decision-makers chose to remain willfully ignorant and took the selfish option.

The researchers assumed two potential motivations for willful ignorance. First, they thought willful ignorance may offer an excuse for not acting generously. If a person doesn't know the consequences of his actions, then he still can consider himself a morally honest individual even if he decides to act selfishly. Willful ignorance serves to protect his self-image.

The second potential motivation is “cognitive inattentiveness.” That is, people dislike thinking more than they have to. It may result from laziness, not paying attention, or not wanting to take the time to learn more. Whatever the case, they favor the quick-and-easy decision.

The researchers conclude “taken together, the evidence suggests ignorance is indeed in part ‘willful’ and driven by excuse-seeking and self-image maintenance motives.” Thanks to them, we are all a little less ignorant about ignorance.

1. Which of the following is most probably considered as willful ignorance?

A．Refusing to purchase a fur coat out of ethical concerns.

B．Stopping smoking in the knowledge of its harm to health.

C．Cheating in the exam for a good grade regardless of its negativity.

D．Engaging in environmental protection activities in the face of global warming.

2. What does the underlined word “altruistically” in paragraph 3 mean?

A．Indifferently.

B．Selflessly.

C．Tolerantly.

D．Proudly.

3. What is the author's tone when researchers' work is commented on?

A．Serious.

B．Ironic.

C．Humorous.

D．Critical.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．What are altruistic behaviors like?	B．How do we avoid willful ignorance?
C．What are effects of willful ignorance?	D．Why do people choose to be ignorant?

4 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What is the main topic of the notice?

A．Leaving school early.

B．Canceling school tomorrow.

C．Stopping students from driving home.

2. What is the current snow depth?

A．5 cm.

B．10 cm.

C．20 cm.

3. Where should students wait for the school buses?

A．In the cafeteria.

B．In the classroom.

C．At the school gate.

4. What will be talked about next?

A．School schedules.

B．Safety suggestions.

C．Driving instructions.

5 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

My husband Kenny and I grew up playing sports. We both worked in the field of physical education and coach youth high school track and field. So, Kenny and I weren’t surprised when our daughter, Becky, showed early athletic promise.

Watching her outrun other kids on the playground, I knew she was destined for winning medals on the track. Slowly but surely, track took over our lives. Weekends were devoted to training. We stopped taking vacations so the girl wouldn’t miss any practices. We missed her birthdays and family outings. I even restricted the time she could spend hanging out with her friends, which would consume the energy she needed for competition:

We didn’t really ask Becky if that was what she wanted. Of course she did! Who wouldn’t want to use a God-given talent to the fullest? Occasionally, Becky would open up after a loss, “I wish you were the same even if I have a bad day on the track. I feel like you don’t accept me just for who I am.”

Honestly, that hurt. In my heart, I knew what she said was true. I could behave more like a coach than a Mom on the sideline. But I didn’t mind. Ensuring her on the track of winning was my only goal. I probably cared more about the medals than she did. By the time Becky started middle school, our family life had revolved around (以……为中心) practices and competitions. I had visions of college scholarships, maybe even the Olympics.

One day, at a regional Junior Olympics qualifying event, she twisted her leg and ended up in a heavy fall, screaming in pain. This was not supposed to happen. Kenny and I pushed her too hard the day before and she attempted to break the record which was clearly beyond her reach.

We rushed her to the hospital right away. Never did I imagine sitting in a doctor’s office, staring at the X-ray result as the doctor calmly explained that Becky’s posterior cruciate ligament (后十字韧带) — the thick tissue stabilizing the back of her knee—was torn.

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

“Her professional career as an athlete was over,” the doctor broke the news to me.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Following the hard-fought recovery, I watched her running with a new attitude.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. When is the deadline for entries?

A．October 15th.

B．August 31st.

C．November 1st.

2. What is the topic of this year?

A．Cities.

B．The Future.

C．The World.

3. What is the prize for the school winner?

A．Pictures of England.

B．Books from a writer.

C．Lessons from an artist.

7 . I entered this world with Poland syndrome, a disease that prevented the formation of my right arm and muscles. My parents believed playing with Lego could enhance my_______and gifted me my first kit when I was five. Initially I _______to piece the the components together but finally I crafted my first Lego work – a car. By the age of nine, I had _______my first prosthetic arm (义肢) using Lego– a simple box that perfectly accommodated my right arm.

This early creation sparked my drive for further _______. Years later, I developed another prosthetic arm called the MK-1, which had fingers, a motor, a pressure sensor, and a grabber capable of _______things. Before constructing it, I was against traditional prosthetics as they were too _______. My parents had looked into getting one years earlier, only to be discouraged by the prohibitive price. So, I concluded that I might not need one because I was managing well without.

As the years passed, my _______evolved from MK-1 to the more advanced and comfortable MK-V. One day, a couple with their eight-year-old son, who lost both_______in an accident, reached out to me after learning about my story. Short of money, they couldn’t afford well-functioning prosthetics. “Daniel,” the father_______asked, “we were wondering if you could help build a set of prosthetics for our son.”

It would be a _______task, but I responded with a “yes”. Without any delay, I _______ the task. The subsequent days witnessed how I carefully selected the Lego piece and intricately integrated practical components to enhance its dexterity(灵巧). Days _______into weeks, and the boy-customized prosthetics finally took shape. It’s time for them to fulfill their intended purpose.

I rushed to the boy’s home and _______the prosthetics onto him. They worked! The room erupted with cheers! The boy expressed his gratitude and sprinted to his parents to _______them in the biggest hug. Never had I imagined that my creations, born out of mere _______, would someday make such a difference.

1.

A．stability

B．mobility

C．flexibility

D．reliability

2.

A．learned

B．attempted

C．managed

D．struggled

3.

A．equipped

B．fashioned

C．decorated

D．upgraded

4.

A．effort

B．investment

C．application

D．exploration

5.

A．picking up

B．setting up

C．pulling up

D．rolling up

6.

A．unstable

B．expensive

C．inconvenient

D．clumsy

7.

A．passions

B．creations

C．thoughts

D．inspirations

8.

A．arms

B．legs

C．hands

D．fingers

9.

A．gratefully

B．desperately

C．hurriedly

D．earnestly

10.

A．frustrating

B．promising

C．challenging

D．embarrassing

11.

A．embarked on

B．set off

C．figured out

D．took on

12.

A．grew

B．followed

C．turned

D．developed

13.

A．secured

B．placed

C．guaranteed

D．stuck

14.

A．encounter

B．engrave

C．engage

D．envelop

15.

A．awe

B．dedication

C．fun

D．boredom

8 . Between balancing professional obligations with personal responsibilities and getting through the everyday tasks that keep you alive, your brain can get more than a little overwhelmed. Thankfully, it has a strategy to stay afloat: relying on heuristics (启发).

Heuristics are those little mental shortcuts that all of us use to solve problems and make quick, efficient judgment calls. They help cut down on your decision-making time and help you move from one task to the other without having to stop too long to plan your next step.     1     they can also lead to trouble causing us to miss important facts or develop unfair biases. Here are two of the big ones:

The Availability Heuristic

This heuristic comes into play any time you make a judgment about something based on your memories of related instances or available information that’s specific to that scenario. If you’re pressed for time and have to make a quick decision, it may help you quickly arrive at a conclusion.     2    . For example, when asked about the probability of plane crashes, homicides and shark attacks, people tend to overestimate the odds of each just because these events are so memorable — that’s this heuristic at play.     3    . If all you see in your feed is pictures of people partying in Ibiza, you’re likely to assume you’re the only one not having the time of your life. But that may not be true — you’re just jumping to that conclusion based on the evidence that’s available.

    4    

When you categorize objects based on how similar they are to existing prototypes (样机), you’re applying such kind of heuristic. For example, if you assume a potential dating app suitor (求婚者) would make a better accountant than a CEO because he describes himself as “quiet”, you’re using the representative heuristic. If you presume another guy is more likely a massage therapist than a software engineer because he says he’s into essential oils and yoga,     5    .

A．The Authority Heuristic

B．The Representative Heuristic

C．In other cases, it can lead you away from the facts

D．It may also be responsible for social media’s negative effect on your mood

E．While heuristics are essential for freeing up your limited cognitive resources

F．you’re probably not seeing as many boring photo ops from other people’s couches

G．you’re making that assumption because those qualities sound more representative of the former than the latter

9 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What is the most important part of choosing a good player?

A．Watching them play.

B．Testing their weight.

C．Assessing their strength.

2. What physical quality does a lineman have?

A．He is the smallest.

B．He is the quickest.

C．He is the strongest.

3. What can we learn from the talk?

A．Action speaks louder than words.

B．First impression can’t always be trusted.

C．He that falls today maybe up again tomorrow.

10 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What is the talk mainly about?

A．A lecture on success.

B．A graduation ceremony.

C．A school award ceremony.

2. What kind of school is it?

A．A girls’ school.

B．A boys’ school.

C．A mixed school.

3. Who is quoted in the talk?

A．A sportsman.

B．A teacher.

C．A singer.

4. What does the speaker say is the most important?

A．Confidence.

B．Success.

C．Trying.