1 . Skeleton is one of the three sliding sports at the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games, alongside the luge(单雪橇)and bobsleigh(大雪橇). With only six medals up for grabs, skeleton has the fewest events at the Winter Games—which means competition will be fierce.

The sport of skeleton has its roots in the most popular winter pastime: sleighing. In the mid-19^th century, British and American holidaymakers built the first toboggan(平底雪橇)run in Davos in 1882, and thus the sport of sleighing began.

Two years later, in 1884, the famed Cresta Run—a natural ice skeleton racing toboggan track—was built in St. Moritz, Switzerland(the course has hosted the annual Grand National championships since 1885).

In 1892, a new sledge made entirely of steel was introduced, and some claim that its bony appearance gave the sledge and the sport the name ‘skeleton’.

Men’s skeleton was first introduced on the Olympic program in the 1928 Games in St. Moritz. But due to the sport only being available at the Cresta Run at the time, it fell into obscurity(默默无闻)while the luge and bobsleigh grew in popularity. However, in 2002, the skeleton was reintroduced as a men’s and women’s event at the Salt Lake City Winter Olympics, and has remained a part of the Olympic program ever since.

While Great Britain has the most medals(nine)in skeleton competition at the Olympics, the top spot belongs to the United States(eight medals)by virtue of having four silvers to Great Britain’s one(both nations have three golds, while Britain has five bronze medals, and the United States one).

Great Britain is the only nation to have won a medal every time skeleton has featured at the Olympic Games, and has won at least one medal in each of the five contests of women’s skeleton since its introduction.

1. How many events does skeleton have in the Olympics?

A．Two.

B．Three.

C．Five.

D．Six.

2. When did skeleton first appear?

A．In 1882.

B．In1885.

C．In1892.

D．In 1928.

3. Why did skeleton fall into obscurity?

A．Because its material steel was rare.

B．Because there was only one run for it.

C．Because only men could take part in it.

D．Because it was not on the Olympic program.

4. What makes America top Great Britain in skeleton at the Olympics?

A．The number of medals.	B．The composition of medals.
C．The virtue of the athletes.	D．The times of hosting the Olympics.

2 . You will have an opportunity to meet your new neighbors after you move into the neighborhood. And getting to know your neighbors will help you feel like you're at home and settle into your new space.     1    

Careful observation.     2     Note those who seem to have kids» those who are elderly, those who seem to be always in the garden, or even those who only seem to come out at night. If you can find some common interest, this will make it much easier to approach the person.

    3     A great way to meet your new neighbors is to spend time outdoors, in your garden or by raking a walk around the block. You'll be surprised how easy it is to meet people when they approach you first. Make sure you spend time outside after work hours or on weekends.

What if you have nothing in common? No problem. There's absolutely nothing wrong with just walking up to the from door, and introducing yourself or inviting them to a small get-together. Let them know you just moved in and where you moved from. If that still feels uncomfortable, then ask about garbage pick-up or recycling centers in the neighborhood. Remember that you live on the same street, in the same neighborhood.     4    

Host a get-together. Though it might be the last thing you warn to do while you're still unpacking, hosting a casual get-together is a great way to meet your neighbors all at the same time.     5     Ask people to bring snacks or drinks or chairs or all three. Everyone knows you've just moved in and don't expect much, plus they'll want to help out.

A．Meet neighbors outdoors.

B．Spend more time walking.

C．Check out your neighborhood.

D．If the weather is nice, host it outside.

E．That's enough to start any conversation.

F．If they're interested, they'll say so or even invite you in.

G．The following suggestions do necessarily make it easier to do.

3 . High school is difficult for everyone whether you want to admit it or not. You are going through an awkward time. But joining a club will be beneficial to you.    1    .

Meeting new people

Joining a club is a great way to meet new people, especially if you are new to the school.     2    . Even if you are the most different person, you are supposed to develop a relationship with at least one person in the club.

College applications

    3    . going and trying new things is something that looks real well on any application. Being known as outgoing is a very highly looked at trait, and it shows that you are willing to put yourself out there, be determined, and best of all, try new things.

    4    

Most teens go to schools, then come home and spend the rest of the day in front of the television or phone, but activities prohibit this. Teens are also very impressionable and if they fall into the wrong crowd, they could fall into consequences such as drug use, or other problems. Clubs are a great way to spend time with good people.

Long term benefits

Things such as meeting and speaking to new people, keeping and eye on the time, and being organized are things you will use every single day of your lives.     5    . but they will all trace back to the moments and skills you learned in your high school club.

A．Good use of your time

B．Learning more knowledge

C．Here is why joining a club is beneficial

D．Another benefit of joining a club is to ensure that you get to a top college

E．You will use these skills in different settings whether you realize it or not

F．Another really nice thing is that it looks really good on college applications

G．Joining a club forces you to interact with peers that have similar interests as you

4 . China has announced that couples will be permitted to have up to three children in a major policy shift from the existing two-child limit, after recent data showed a dramatic decline in births in the world's most populated country.

"To actively respond to the ageing of the population…a couple can have three children," state media Xinhua reported on Monday, citing a committee meeting hosted by President Xi Jinping

Early this May, China reported the slowest population growth since the early 1960s, despite scrapping its one-child policy in 2015 to encourage more births and avoid a potential population crisis.

A once-a-decade survey showed that the overall population of China grew to 1,41178 billion in the 10 years to 2020, up by 5. 38%. The increase reflects an average annual rise of 0.53%, down from 0.57% reported from 2000 to 2010.

The announcement drew a chilly response on Chinese social media, where many people said they could not afford to have even one or two children. "I am willing to have three children if you give me 5 million yuan (£554,350)," one user posted on Weibo. As a matter of fact, experiment of the three-child policy in Heilongjiang province in the last few years also resulted less effectively than expected.

It is not only China that is facing such a population challenge. Across east Asia, authorities have, for years, been struggling to persuade couples to have more babies. South Korea and Japan both have used allowance to encourage.

The policy change will come with "supportive measures, which will be beneficial to improving our country's population structure, fulfilling the country's strategy of actively coping with an ageing population and maintaining the advantage of human resources", Xinhua said. It did not specify the support measures.

1. Why did China announce the three-child limit this May?

A．To completely stop the population from ageing.	B．To show concern over the ageing population.
C．To increase the birth rate of the country.	D．To remove the two-child limit.

2. What's the meaning of the underlined word scrapping in para 3?

A．Issuing.

B．Changing.

C．Adopting.

D．Canceling

3. What can we infer from para 4 to para 6?

A．China has a smaller population in 2020 than in 2010.

B．Many couples can't afford to raise two or more children.

C．Hei Longjiang has the smallest population among the provinces.

D．Korea and Japan have managed to cope with ageing population.

4. Where is this text most probably from?

A．A book review.

B．An online newspaper

C．A travel brochure.

D．A biology textbook.

5 . As a middle schooler, one of my life goals was the Presidential Fitness Award-an honor given to those who passed a series of gin-class tests that included doing a number of pull ups, running a mile, and, among other things, the sit and reach(another version of toe touching). That's where things went wrong for me. I could never reach quite far enough.

Toe touching is an easy way to begin or end any sort of workout, For most people, it is among the easiest stretching exercises to do. But for me(and any of my classmate)it's complete suffering. Why? “The two biggest factors are the flexibility of your hamstrings(腿筋) and the range of motion of your hip(髋) joints,” says Jeffrey Jenkins, a physiologist at the University of Virginia School of Medicine. “But another big factor is the relative length of your arms and your torso(躯干) to your legs, which unfortunately can't be changed.”

Ienkins says that although there are sore unjust aspects, overall the toe touch is not the worst measure of flexibility. But if you are flexibility clumsy like me, there are some things you can do to improve the flexibility of the body you have. Whenever you stretch then, your muscles contract, tighten, and resist the force to be stretched, resulting in that annoyingly painful feeling that most of us get when we first reach down to touch our toes or attempt to stretch other muscles. However, Jenkins says, if you are patient, this too shall pass.

If you hold the stretch for a minimum of six seconds, you can actually overcome the re flex (反射). In fact, Jenkins says, there's some evidence that holding still stretches for 30 seconds results in greater improvement in flexibility than holding it for 15 seconds, and just as much improvement as 60 seconds. But for some people, the pain that accompanies those sixty seconds is just too severe. If you can get past that pain, then you can probably improve your flexibility However, Jenkins cautions against tolerating too much pain; you could be tearing a muscle.

1. What can be inferred about the author from the text?

A．He is a P. E. Teacher in a junior school.

B．He improved a version of toe touching.

C．He can't pass the tests of the Presidential Fitness Award.

D．He was envied by his classmate for his academical achievements,

2. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?

A．How we can practice touching toes,

B．Why some people can't touch their toes.

C．What is the most important to an athlete.

D．Why people begin and end exercises by touching toes.

3. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to?

A．Muscle pain.	B．Clumsy moves.
C．Body flexibility.	D．Attempt to stretch.

4. When we practice toe touching, Jeukins warn us ________.

A．to seek professional help

B．not to stand the severe pain beyond limit

C．to hold the still stretch for at least 15 seconds

D．not to quit at focus on the pain from the muscles

6 . There's an art to being a frequent flyer. Those who fly thousands of miles a year develop certain routines to enjoy the trips. Three frequent travelers tell BBC Capital their secrets for a better flying experience.

Philippe Cousteau

Time in the air: Logs more than 200,000 miles a year.

Routine: "Pack as lightly as possible," he says, Cousteau always brings his own healthy food and something to drink. "I don't eat airplane food as a strict rule."

Tips Loyalty matters more than you might think. Having status with an airline helps a lot when there is a problem and it also means that you have a better chance of getting up grades, he says. "It may seem basic, but I am shocked at how many travelers don't bother."

Karl Rosander

Time in the air: 140 days a year, almost on international flights.

Routine: He never eats on the plane, and he drinks lots of water. "Making sure to get some rest on the flight means I can hit the ground running when I land to make the most out of my time with my team," he says.

Tips: He recommends developing a routine for when you land. "There's a coffee shop in NYC on the Lower East Side called El Rey," he says. "I always grab a coffee there when I'm in town on my way into the office. The routine helps me focus, shake any jetlag and get my synapses firing."

Lee Maen

Time in the air: Roughly 12 weeks of the year, both domestic and international.

Routine: Maen's trick is to always wear all black, usually a black T-shirt and hoodie. He packs lightly and tries to minimize time at the airport by arriving as close to departure time as possible.

Tips: Maen recommends knowing what type of airplane you are travelling on—different planes have quirks to them, like larger overhead storage or better seats in different places. With that information, he can find the best place to sit.

1. What is Philippe Cousteau's advice?

A．Developing a routine for when you land.	B．Having status with an airline.
C．Knowing the type of your airplane.	D．Not eating on the plane.

2. How does Karl Rosander make good use of his time with his team?

A．By packing as lightly as possible.

B．By eating and drinking on the pane.

C．By having a good rest on the plane.

D．By arriving as late as possible.

3. What do Philippe Cousteau and Lee Maen both mention in their routine?

A．Packing lightly.	B．Bringing food.
C．Having a rest.	D．Wearing black.

7 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Robert was a carpenter (木匠). He was living in a village. His mother died a long time ago. His aged father, Kuppan, lived with Robert. Kuppan was very weak. He could not even walk well. He was so weak because Robert did not give him enough food.

Robert had a son. His name was Michael. Michael was just ten years old. He was a very good boy. He loved his grandfather. He had great respect for his grandfather. We did not like his father’s attitude and character to his grandfather, because his father was treating his grandfather cruelly. One day Kuppan was eating his food in the small plate that his son had given to him. The plate fell and broke into pieces. The food also fell on the floor. Robert was working at the other end of the room. He saw the broken plate. He was very angry with his father and used very sharp words to blame his father. The old man felt bad about what happened. He was sorry for his mistake. Robert’s words wounded him very deeply.

Michael saw this. But he was afraid to speak against his father. He was sad about his grandfather. But he was not powerful to stand in support of his grandfather. Then he got an idea.

Paragraph 1

The next day, Michael took some of his father’s tools and a piece of wood.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2

The carpenter was pretty shocked to hear that.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8 . Lots of people dream of a beach vacation, but hesitate to take one because they don't want to leave a pet behind.     1     You can enjoy some fun in the sun on a beach vacation with your pet. It is easier than ever to find a beach that welcome your pets, and a little extra planning and preparation is all that is required to have a wonderful time on vacation with your pet.

    2     Use the Internet to determine whether a beach is pet friendly. You can look at a beach's website, lists of pet-friendly beaches where you will be traveling. They will tell you about any rules on pets at the local beaches.

Find a hotel that is pet-friendly. Most hotels that accept pets will advertise themselves as pet-friendly on their websites.     3     It's better to know if your pet will be welcome before you make an order.

Clean up after your pet. When vacationing with your pet it doesn't mean that all responsibility is gone. Picking up after it, whether that is when it goes to the bathroom or it makes a mess with its food, is still your responsibility.     4    

Be considerate of others.     5     Some people are scared of animals, especially children, so just be aware of other animals and people on the beach and keep your pet away from them if necessary.

A．Protect your pet from the sun.

B．Make sure you choose a beach that allows pets.

C．However, there is no need to settle for a pet sitter.

D．You never know how an animal will react in public.

E．You could also try to stay with a friend who loves your pet.

F．If you are unsure whether a hotel accepts pets, call it and ask.

G．This is especially important at the beach where many people move around.

9 . In a small house in Belgrade, a teenage girl is drying her hair, while two others eat nearby. Several boys are having their temperature tested at the door. It is another busy day for Svratiste, which is Belgrade’s first center for children who live on the streets. For years, the building has provided warmth and shelter for the city’s most ignored children.

Since opening in 2007, Svratiste has welcomed hundreds of children, some as young as five years old. They come here to warm up, wash or eat. The kids that come to the center are all aged 5 to 15. What’s common for all of them is that they work in the street and live in extreme poverty. Also very few ever go to school.

Svratiste’s team of 13 social workers, psychologists and other experts have welcomed more than 1,400 children over the years. Money for the group’s operations comes from donations. Some people regularly bring in clothes and other aid. The group recently set up another center in a new part of town. Usually, the two centers are open every day. But both were sealed off because of restrictions when the COVID-19 pandemic(新型冠状病毒疫情)started in March. When Belgrade reopened in May, most of the children came back.

The Svratiste team has tried to help the children get to know their city by visiting playgrounds and theaters. An important effort has been to include them in the education system and make sure they stay. Bosko Markovic, now 18, first came to Svratiste five years ago. With the center’s help, he has finished high school and now wants to be a policeman. Therefore, Svratiste has made him a better person.

1. What can we learn about Svratiste?

A．It is a barber’s shop free for kids.

B．It is a shelter for poor kids.

C．It is a street full of working kids.

D．It is a restaurant designed for kids.

2. What is the second paragraph mainly about?

A．The kids Svratiste serves.

B．The efforts Svratiste has made.

C．The way Svratiste serves its customers.

D．The team members Svratiste is made up of.

3. Which of the following can refer to the words underlined in Para.3?

A．Changed.

B．Decorated.

C．Closed.

D．Painted.

4. What can we infer from Bosko Markovic?

A．He has an impractical dream.

B．He will reward Svratiste’s help.

C．He benefits a lot from Svratiste.

D．He has been admitted to a college.

10 . Yesterday morning, I was riding my bike up a pretty significant hill. To get up that hill, I was, pedaling as hard as I could. I had nearly reached the top when I felt that familiar stream of water run down my forehead. Even though it was only 6℃ (42℉), I was sweating.

Our human bodies work in the best state when their internal temperature hovers around 98.6℉(37℃). When the body gets warmer than that, the brain doesn't like it, so the part that controls temperature sends a message to your body saying “Let's cool down !” That's when your sweat glands (汗腺) spring into action, and you start sweating.

Sweat is made almost completely of water, with smaller amounts of other chemicals in it as well. (We'll get to that in a moment. ) Sweat leaves our body through tiny holes in our skin called pores (毛穴), and when the sweat meets the air, it begins evaporating( turning from a liquid to vapor) and during this course it can. cool us down.

Sweat is a great cooling system, and it is also a great way for our body to remove certain elements from our bloodstream. Salt, ammonia, and urea (尿素), to name a few. Our sweat also contains biochemical markers such as metabolites (代谢物) and even heavy metals, which can give doctors and researchers a window into a person's health and even aid in diagnosing some diseases. In recent years , scientists have developed sweat sensors in the form of patches, bandages, and tattoos that can make these types of measurements on the fly. A team of scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, is developing wearable skin sensors that can detect what's in your sweat. But before we get into that, let's look at how we measured sweat in the past, and how we're looking at it today.

1. Why was the author sweating in the first paragraph?

A．He had been biking very hard.	B．The temperature was very high.
C．He was too excited to reach the top.	D．He was suffering from a certain disease.

2. What is the second paragraph mainly about?

A．The parts in which people sweat.	B．The way in which people sweat.
C．The reason for which people sweat.	D．The results that sweating leads to.

3. Which word best describes the author's attitude to sweat?

A．Skeptical.

B．Positive.

C．Tolerant.

D．Conservative.

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．Benefits of Sweat	B．Components of Sweat
C．A recent Study About Sweat	D．Some Information About Sweat