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书信写作-其他应用文 | 较难(0.4) |
1 . 假定你是晨光中学高三学生李华。你校于8月15日举办了成人礼活动,你的英国朋友Chris很想了解该活动。你于当晚给Chris回一封电子邮件,介绍相关情况,内容包括:
1.成人礼活动内容;2.对活动的感受;3.对自己未来的展望。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;2.可适当加入细节,使内容充实,行文连贯。
参考词汇:the coming-of-age ceremony
Dear Chris,

I’m so glad to hear from you.


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Yours,

Li Hua

阅读理解-阅读单选(约350词) | 较难(0.4) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型的矿产开采方式——植物采矿。相比传统的从岩石中开采金属,植物采矿利用植物作为金属的替代来源,并具有重要的环境效益。文章以印度尼西亚的一座镍矿区为例来进行说明。

2 . When people think of a typical mineral mine, it’s probably underground. It’s unlikely that the picture of plants and soft greenery would cross their minds. Now, new explorations into phytomining (植物采矿) may change that viewpoint. Instead of traditionally mining metals from rocks, phytomining uses plants as an alternative source for them. Using plants to extract metals can have significant environmental benefits over rock mining.

Phytomining was first studied in 1983, but it hasn’t yet been adopted by the metals industry. In 2004, Indonesian soil scientist Tjoa took her research to Sorowako, a small town in Indonesia with one of the largest nickel (镍) mining areas, to look into plants that continued to live after years of mining. She brought samples back to her lab and found that these super plants were more than just surviving — they were growing.

The plants were absorbing and storing nickel from the soil. Large amounts of metals kill most plants, but these, known as hyper-accumulators (超富集植物), were learning to adapt. If these plants were storing metal, that meant science could find a way to extract the minerals for use and quite frankly, scientists easily did. When the shoots are harvested and burned, the metals are separated from the plant material in the ashes.

Tjoa returned to Sorowako and spent years searching for new hyper-accumulator species. After a plant is considered a possibility, there’s a simple test paper that turns pink when placed against the leaf of a hyper-accumulator plant. Two local Indonesian plants were found but there are many others still to be discovered.

Tjoa’s research caught the attention of Bijasksana, a professor of rock magnetism. Together they designed an experiment to understand magnetic susceptibility (磁化率) when plants accumulate more nickel. Their research led to the discovery of two new species of hyper-accumulators. Besides, this research serves as the basis for the potential that plants can give to the mining industry, offering great advantages to our ecosystem and toward building a more sustainable future.

1. Why did Tjoa go to Sorowako in 2004?
A.To work with the local government.B.To study the plants surviving mining.
C.To improve the soil of the small town.D.To research into underground mining.
2. What can be known about hyper-accumulators from the text?
A.They are rich in metals.B.They are free of minerals.
C.They are very easy to discover.D.They are too fragile to survive.
3. What was a result of Tjoa and Bijasksana’s experiment?
A.Helping more plants to survive.B.Testing out the mining industry.
C.Improving the extraction efficiency.D.Finding more hyper-accumulators.
4. What is the best title of the passage?
A.New Creative Mining Way Meets Challenges.
B.Plants Can Act as Sources of Many Metals.
C.Scientists Can Extract Minerals from Plants.
D.Phytomining Replaces Traditional Mining.
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3 . 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I was eating breakfast at home in Hampshire in March this year, scrolling through social media on my phone, when a story caught my eye. It was about a nine-year-old dog, Charlie, dubbed (称为) the loneliest in Britain. He had been in a rescue centre in Somerset for more than 500 days.

For some reason, nobody wanted to adopt him. I clicked on the link and straight away these huge, sad eyes stared back at me. I was emotional. I turned to my husband, Sam, and said: "We’ve got to have him.” He read the article over my shoulder and felt exactly the same way. We wanted to give Charlie a happy home and a new lease of life.

Over the past few years we have tried to adopt a few different dogs, but we haven’ had any luck — we were never top of the list. Sam and I got used to filling in forms and not hearing anything. We’d almost given up hope.

But Charlie is an older dog and we felt we’d be suited — even older dogs have a lot of love left to offer. So we took our time with the application, sent photographs of our house and garden. We explained why Charlie would be happy with us, and then forgot all about it.

A few days later we received an email from Brent Knoll animal centre, saying we’d been shortlisted. We were thrilled. They asked us to visit Charlie to be interviewed and to see if he liked us.

When we arrived we were taken to the staff room. We didn’t know what to expect. We hadn’t been told much about Charlie’s circumstances, but as he had been given up for adoption and hadn’t been placed with a new owner for so long, we thought there might be issues. But the dog that bounded (蹦跳) in was full of joy and charisma.

注意:
1. 续写词数应为 150左右:
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

He came straight over to us.

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We feel proud that we’ve given Charlie a new home and a second chance.

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2023-10-19更新 | 222次组卷 | 4卷引用:冀教版2019选择性必修四Unit 5 Humankind and? NatureSection 1 Reading for Meaning 单元测试
阅读理解-阅读单选(约300词) | 较难(0.4) |
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。作者主要介绍了北美鸳鸯这种水鸟对农作物的损害以及专家提出的应对建议——政府加大对研究的投资,以解决某些水鸟物种对一些农民造成的威胁。

4 . Farmers and hunters are calling for an extension (延期) to the Victorian duck hunting season, saying certain species are doing great harm to crops and waterways and need to be controlled. This season runs from 8:00 am today and will end in 20 days, down from the usual 12 weeks, with a bag limit of five listed game ducks per day.

Wayne Shields grows leafy greens on the Mornington Peninsula and he said the decision to reduce the duck hunting season would take its toll on farmers. “The wood ducks are the ones causing all of the damage; the black ducks are no problem around here. The wood ducks come in at night and they just clean me out completely and they’ve done it a number of times over a number of years,” he said.

Mr. Shields and his wife, Natasha, run Peninsula Fresh Organics and he said there was nothing he could do to stop the invasion (入侵). “I nearly went broke a few years ago. Back then I was planting 10,000 lettuce (生菜) a week and they would quite happily eat 10,000 lettuce a week.” Due to the damage caused by the wood ducks, Mr. Shields said there should be a year-round open season on the wood ducks and farmers should be allowed to shoot birds.

Professor Richard Kingsford, Director of the Centre for Ecosystem Science at UNSW, said although the wood ducks ate crops, extending the duck season may not achieve what farmers wanted. He is calling on the government to invest more in research to address the threat certain species of waterbirds caused for some farmers, so other nonlethal (非致命的) ways to destroy the birds can be found.

1. How is this year’s duck hunting season different?
A.It is put off.B.It is cut short.
C.It is about five species.D.It takes place mainly on farms.
2. What does the underlined part “take its toll on” in paragraph 2 mean?
A.Make way for.B.Keep an eye on.
C.Cause damage to.D.Take control of.
3. What did Mr. Shields experience several years ago?
A.The invasion of the black ducks.
B.The difficulty of keeping business.
C.The negative influence of the hunting season.
D.The daytime trouble caused by the wood ducks.
4. What does Richard Kingsford suggest concerning the wood ducks?
A.Scientifically managing them.
B.Encouraging hunters to catch them.
C.Extending the duck hunting season.
D.Using deadly ways to drive them away.
书面表达-读后续写 | 较难(0.4) |
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5 . 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

On a cold winter evening, I, together with my 6-year-olds on Bob, was on our way home, heading towards a bridge, when I heard some strange noise ahead.

As we approached the bridge, dusk was starting to fall and I could see a figure lying on the bridge floor, uncomfortably close to the railing (栏杆) of the bridge. It was a young man, clearly in great pain, crying and shouting, and his whole body was shaking. I was shocked, and suddenly realized the serious situation. The bridge ran over a high-speed train track and was a well-known death trap. A local family had lost their teenager in that exact place a few weeks earlier.

I quickly looked around but there was no one else nearby. I knew I wouldn't be able to live with myself if his death was reported the next day and I'd done nothing about that.

Without any hesitation, I inched towards the figure, and little Bob followed quietly on my side. I asked the young man if I could sit down, and then lowered myself on to the bridge floor opposite him. I tried a few gentle questions, asking, “What's your name? How old are you? What do you do?” His answers were rather simple, which were “Tom. 21. Computers.”

“Are you OK?” I asked. “No, I'm not!” He shouted back. He said something about a betrayal (背叛), and not knowing what to do. His emotions were changing wildly. I tried to make a connection, so It old him my name, where I lived, and how I was a mother of two children. After asking him where he went to college, I pretended to be amazed that my niece (侄女) had studied there, too. I told him that his life was very valuable and the betrayal was just one tiny part of it. I even found myself telling the story of Neil Lay bourn, who had persuaded a man to be down from Waterloo Bridge in London, “They're great friends now and have even run a marathon together for charity,” I said. “Who knows? That could be us.” I kept talking gently and eagerly.”


注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
I thought a train could come at any time.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Then I broke the silence.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
阅读理解-阅读单选(约370词) | 较难(0.4) |
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文章大意:这是一篇议论文。文章就怎样定义成功引用了不同的观点并总结出自己的理解。

6 . The Oxford dictionary defines the word “success” as “an accomplishment of an aim” and “attaining fame, social status (地位) or wealth”. Is this how we measure success in life? If you are rich, you’ll have people say “you have everything” or “you’re already successful in life” or a similar statement that means you have money and are well settled. There are many people who feel this way, while there are many who feel that success is not just having a lot of money.

The thing is, your concept of success is connected to your beliefs and values, and if your values tell you that success in life means money, then there is nothing that will change your mind. On the other hand, if your value system says that having money, stability, peace, happiness and contentment in your life are equally important, then you have an entirely different idea of success in life. There are a lot of people in this world that are wealthy. However, they are unhappy. There are a lot of people who do not make a lot of money, but are happy with what they have.

There are different kinds of people in the world, and each one has a different view on what being successful really is about. Here are a few common opinions about success.

●Success in life means having money.

●Success in life means winning games or competitions.

●Success in life means achieving your goal.

●Success in life means getting the job you wanted.

●Success in life means owning a nice house, a good car and having all the costly comforts life has to offer.

●Success in life means being famous.

●Success in life means having influence, power and control.

●Success in life means being free from insecurities, fears and wants.

The one thing that is common to the statements above is that they include accomplishment, attainment and fulfillment (履行). Another thing is that it’s something you yearn for or that gives you an unspoken advantage over others.

1. Why is the definition of success in the Oxford dictionary mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A.To make practical suggestions.
B.To lead in the topic for discussion.
C.To clarify the exact meaning of success.
D.To compare different ideas about success.
2. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?
A.One’s value system matters a lot.
B.One should be grateful for what he has.
C.Success determines one’s beliefs and values.
D.Happy people are more likely to obtain success.
3. What does the underlined phrase “yearn for” in the last paragraph mean?
A.Choose.B.Lack.C.Desire.D.Achieve.
4. What’s the best title for the text?
A.What is the concept of success?
B.How can success be achieved in life?
C.Can success really bring money in life?
D.Does success in life mean having money?
阅读理解-阅读单选(约410词) | 较难(0.4) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了善良被视为一种真正的力量,父母和老师教导我们善待他人,善意有如此明显的好处,它会对我们有害吗?当人们要求帮忙时,要评估自己是否有时间、精力和注意力给他们。要更自在地对别人说“不”,对自己说“是”。

7 . Kindness is seen as a true strength, and the success of civilizations relies on kindness. As parents and teachers, we also teach children from a young age to “be kind to one another” and “treat others the way you want to be treated.”

In addition to being helpful to our interpersonal relationships, research has shown that kindness can even contribute to our well-being. According to the Mayo Clinic, when we perform acts of kindness, the pleasure center in our brain is activated, releasing the stress-reducing hormone (激素). Individuals who volunteer on a regular basis report greater life satisfaction. And what is even greater is that kindness rarely stops with just one person. There can be a positive contagion (扩散) effect, where other people are motivated to be nice if they receive a random act of kindness. The question then arises: Could kindness be harmful to us when it has such clear benefits? Let’s think about this in the workplace or in an organization.

You are the new person on the team and you want to be well-liked and respected by your colleagues. You are a kind person and tell your team, “Let me know how I can help you; I’m always available to help.” Though you may truly mean this, there are unfortunately people in this world who can see your kindness as a weakness. This can lead to you being taken advantage of by others.

Let’s fast forward a year. You have been in your position now for one year, and you are working with the same team. You are noticing that your colleagues continue asking for your help over and over again. In fact, the only time they communicate with you is when they need something. You have been so helpful to your colleagues and there has rarely been any return from them.

In a very broad sense, it is advantageous to be kind to others, and your kind acts will be appreciated and, perhaps, paid forward. However, you need to be willing to say “no”. Recognize when your plate is already too full. When people ask you a favor, assess if you have the time, energy, and attention to give to them. To truly be kind, sometimes you need to be more comfortable saying “no” to others and saying “yes” to yourself.

1. What has the Mayo Clinic found concerning kindness?
A.It does good to our mind.
B.It reduces hormone levels.
C.It adds years to people’s life.
D.It leads to the success of civilizations.
2. What might the new person feel one year later?
A.Grateful.B.Bored.C.Disappointed.D.Energetic.
3. What does the underlined part in the last paragraph mean?
A.When you’re too full to eat anything.
B.When your kind acts get appreciated.
C.When you should ask others a favor.
D.When you’re physically and mentally tired.
4. What can be the best title for the text?
A.Your kindness counts for your well-being!
B.Are we tiring ourselves with kindness?
C.Why are random acts of kindness important?
D.Never underestimate the power of kindness at work!
2023-10-18更新 | 293次组卷 | 14卷引用:冀教版2019选择性必修四 Unit 4 Rules Are Rules! Section 4 Expanding Our Horizons 单元测试
阅读理解-阅读单选(约380词) | 较难(0.4) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了电子计时的发展历史,特别是在奥运会上的应用。文章提到,最早的电子计时设备是在1912年的斯德哥尔摩奥运会上首次使用的,同时还介绍了随后出现的其他计时技术。最后,文章指出现代技术发展到了可以将整个计时系统储存在智能手机中的阶段。

8 . Electronic timing is older than most people imagine and was used for the first time more than a hundred years ago at the 1912 Stockholm Olympics. Initially, the well-known company Ericsson was tasked with developing the technology, but it was the Swedish inventor Ragnar Carlstedt who eventually created the final product.

At the same time, Carlstedt introduced another invention: the finish line camera. The 1, 500-meter Olympic final was extremely close with Arnold Jackson from Great Britain winning by only 0.1 seconds. But it was impossible to decide on the silver medal since the two Americans Abel Kiviat and Norman Taber finished side by side. For the first time in history, the outcome of an Olympic event had to be settled based on a photo finish when Kiviat was judged to be “slightly ahead”.

The significance of these two inventions led a major newspaper to write: “Electronic timing at the Olympic Games. Simultaneous (同时发生的) timing and photography of contestants. A brilliant idea!”

The next step in timekeeping was the photo-finish camera with a time stamp imprinted on each picture, which was introduced at the 1932 Olympics in Los Angeles. The 1948 Olympics saw the introduction of another invention with the continuous slit camera (狭缝摄影机), where a film behind a narrow slit rolls (滚动) with the same speed as the runners. Four years later the clocks were connected to the slit camera giving a solution of 1/100 s. But it was not until 1972 that official times were recorded to the 100th of a second.

The next big step in the eighties was to make the camera digital to speed up the feedback (反馈). But the idea behind the slit camera was kept and is still the basis of all timing systems for athletics used today. The only difference is that now there is a very narrow sensor array ( 阵列传感器) instead of the moving film.

After a century technology has reached the point where the whole timing system can be stored in a smartphone. So in a way, the circle was closed when SprintTimer, a sports timer and photo finish app, was developed in the same place and precisely a hundred years after Ragnar Carlstedt.

1. What do we know about electronic timing?
A.It was created in recent years.
B.It was first introduced at the Olympics.
C.It was developed by the well-known company Ericsson.
D.It was perfected by the Swedish inventor Ragnar Carlstedt.
2. What does paragraph 2 focus on?
A.The increasing need for a finish line camera.
B.The excellent performance of Arnold Jackson.
C.The significant role of Carlstedt's another invention.
D.The intense competition of the 1,500-meter Olympic final.
3. How was the digital camera in the eighties different from the slit camera?
A.It avoided the use of a moving film.
B.It rolled with the same speed as the runners.
C.It made a 100th-of-a-second record possible.
D.It adopted a new idea for all timing systems used today.
4. What does the underlined part “the circle was closed” in the last paragraph mean?
A.Further improvement was discontinued.
B.The problem was back to the origin.
C.A new invention was created.
D.The issue was resolved.
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9 . We’re just trying to reach a point ________ both sides will sit down and talk peacefully.(用适当的词填空)
2023-10-16更新 | 573次组卷 | 14卷引用:Unit 5 Languages Around the World 期末词汇检测-2023-2024学年高一上学期英语人教版(2019)必修第一册
书面表达-读后续写 | 较难(0.4) |
10 . 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Mum was in a hurry as usual, but as she rushed them down the street, Magnus and Mina couldn’t resist peeking (偷看) through the window of the pet shop on the corner.

“Mum, are you SURE we can’t have a pet?” Mina asked. “NO! Daddy is allergic to cats and dogs!” said Mum.

Five minutes later, they were outside Magnus and Mina’s grandad’s place — an old repair garage on a road just off the high street. Grandad had retired, but he lived in the flat above and kept the workshop for his hobby: fixing up old cars!

Mum used her key to open the door and they went inside. An old car was in the middle of the floor. Then they heard a sound from somewhere under the car. “Who’s there? Is that you, M and M?” Grandad Eric’s head appeared from behind the car. He smiled when he saw them, and wiped his greasy (沾油污的) face with an old cloth. “Hello kids!”

Mum was moving towards the door of the garage. “Thank you for taking the kids for the weekend, Dad — something came up and I have to go away for work!” Grandad just smiled. “No problem at all, sweetie!”

Once Mum had left, Magnus and Mina had a good look around. Mina was excited. At school she had taken a technology and design course where they had learned how to design and build simple robots, and she wanted to make one of her own. She shouted over to Grandad, “Grandad, can we use some of these spare bits over here? I promise we won’t make a mess!” Grandad replied, “Of course, but be careful!”

“Do you have a plan, sister?” Magnus looked at his sister. “I sure do! Mum said we couldn’t get a pet, but she didn’t say that we couldn’t make one!” Magnus’s eyes widened. “A robot pet?” “Yeah, a dog-cat,” replied Mina. “Brilliant! You build it, and I can program it!” said Magnus.


注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

Before long, Mina finished and Magnus and Mina admired the work.


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Grandad Eric came over to see the dog-cat and collected the turned-off robot.


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2023-10-14更新 | 39次组卷 | 1卷引用:Unit 3 Sea Exploration单元测试 -2021-2022学年高中英语人教版(2019)·选择性必修第四册
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