1．上课认真听讲，做好笔记，课后及时复习。
2．词汇是基础，每天早上花半个小时的时间背诵单词，朗读课文。
3．课外多与同学用英语交流，提高听力和口语能力。
4．每天坚持写日记。
注意：1．词数80词左右，短文的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总数。
2．内容可适当发挥，注意行文连贯。
Dear Wang Mei,
I’m very glad to have received your e-mail.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,
Li Hua
2 . On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.
But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together”. Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.
1. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?| A．The methods of estimation. | B．The underlying logic of the effect. |
| C．The causes of people’s errors. | D．The design of Galton’s experiment. |
| A．the crowds were relatively small | B．there were occasional underestimates |
| C．individuals did not communicate | D．estimates were not fully independent |
| A．The size of the groups. | B．The dominant members. |
| C．The discussion process. | D．The individual estimates. |
| A．Unclear. | B．Dismissive. | C．Doubtful. | D．Approving. |
1. 时间、地点2. 活动过程
3. 你的感想。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：低碳生活：low-carbon lifestyle树苗：seedlings
Dear editor,
I’m writing to tell you something about the Tree-planting activity in our school.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
4 . We love letters. Just as John Donne, a poet,
A UK-wide survey undertaken by Sunday Times suggests that one in four of us has not
We
The thought behind a letter
Who wouldn’t love to receive a letter like that? Let’s get writing!
1.| A．made | B．put | C．helped | D．managed |
| A．rather than | B．less than | C．more than | D．other than |
| A．absent | B．active | C．amused | D．admirable |
| A．also | B．yet | C．already | D．still |
| A．popular | B．common | C．rare | D．simple |
| A．received | B．sent | C．written | D．rejected |
| A．success | B．pleasure | C．concern | D．calmness |
| A．engineer | B．doctor | C．police | D．postman |
| A．seizing | B．tearing | C．hiding | D．carrying |
| A．can | B．must | C．may | D．shall |
| A．American | B．Chinese | C．Australian | D．British |
| A．forget | B．change | C．remember | D．notice |
| A．money | B．room | C．history | D．time |
| A．contacted | B．interviewed | C．consulted | D．admired |
| A．guests | B．visitors | C．friends | D．partners |
| A．force | B．strength | C．source | D．energy |
| A．effort | B．comfort | C．surprise | D．experience |
| A．educates | B．guides | C．matters | D．rewards |
| A．nothing | B．anything | C．something | D．everything |
| A．looks after | B．cares about | C．struggles for | D．agrees with |
5 . It’s easy to help some people, but what about those whose needs are not so obvious? This story was a
It was Thanksgiving, and I was
Then my mother
About a week later the shelter received a large donation from an unknown source. I couldn’t help but wonder
| A．success | B．shade | C．challenge | D．lesson |
| A．connecting | B．volunteering | C．resting | D．staying |
| A．advertising | B．serving | C．selling | D．sending |
| A．lonely | B．boring | C．hard | D．busy |
| A．needy | B．strange | C．weak | D．anxious |
| A．something | B．nothing | C．everything | D．anything |
| A．learned | B．asked | C．wondered | D．disliked |
| A．pain | B．fear | C．amazement | D．trouble |
| A．food | B．fun | C．room | D．care |
| A．closer | B．sooner | C．faster | D．easier |
| A．take | B．cook | C．taste | D．check |
| A．usually | B．possibly | C．really | D．certainly |
| A．forcefully | B．carefully | C．suddenly | D．quietly |
| A．proven | B．assumed | C．planned | D．decided |
| A．mental | B．moral | C．natural | D．physical |
| A．Therefore | B．But | C．And | D．So |
| A．health | B．luck | C．wealth | D．comfort |
| A．encouraged | B．reminded | C．hit | D．attracted |
| A．apologize | B．reply | C．complain | D．explain |
| A．why | B．if | C．how | D．when |
1.表示理解并给与安慰。 2.提出建议并给出理由。
要求:1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:homesick 想家的
Dear Linda,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
7 . We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
What’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.
Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t
even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. ＂Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,＂ he explains. ＂The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.＂
In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. ＂It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,＂ says Dunn. ＂But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for our well-being also.＂
Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. ＂Small talk is the basis of good manners,＂ he says.
1. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?| A．Addiction to smartphones. |
| B．Inappropriate behaviours in public places. |
| C．Absence of communication between strangers. |
| D．Impatience with slow service. |
| A．Showing good manners. | B．Relating to other people. |
| C．Focusing on a topic. | D．Making business deals. |
| A．It improves family relationships. | B．It raises people’s confidence. |
| C．It matters as much as a formal talk. | D．It makes people feel good. |
| A．Conversation Counts | B．Ways of Making Small Talk |
| C．Benefits of Small Talk | D．Uncomfortable Silence |
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1--20各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I often read of incidents of misunderstanding or conflict. I’m left
I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s,
We were nine when we became friends. During the school holidays, we’d
When I was twelve, my family moved to Johor. Ismail’s family later returned to their village, and I
One spring afternoon in 1983, I stopped a taxi in Kuala Lumpur. I
If we can allow our children to be
| A．interested | B．pleased | C．puzzled | D．excited |
| A．parties | B．cities | C．villages | D．races |
| A．why | B．which | C．how | D．when |
| A．together | B．around | C．alone | D．apart |
| A．drop | B．throw | C．move | D．roll |
| A．refused | B．made | C．sought | D．accepted |
| A．paid | B．meant | C．preserved | D．treated |
| A．explore | B．search | C．discover | D．desert |
| A．get through | B．deal with | C．come across | D．take away |
| A．arrival | B．choice | C．effort | D．company |
| A．lost | B．gained | C．developed | D．missed |
| A．stated | B．ordered | C．decided | D．chose |
| A．attempts | B．instructions | C．opinions | D．arrangements |
| A．anxiously | B．carelessly | C．disappointedly | D．fixedly |
| A．familiarly | B．strangely | C．fully | D．coldly |
| A．departures | B．months | C．years | D．decades |
| A．possible | B．funny | C．hard | D．clear |
| A．them | B．themselves | C．us | D．ourselves |
| A．from | B．by | C．with | D．against |
| A．still | B．otherwise | C．then | D．instead |
