1 . In the Hollywood movie The Martian, actor Matt Damon plays an astronaut who grows food on Mars (火星) to survive alone on the red planet.

After seeing the movie, Washington State University physicist Michael Allen and University of Idaho food scientist Helen Joyner decided to carry out a case study helping students figure out how to farm on Mars. In the case study, students had to imagine they were mining on Mars and decide how to feed themselves there before starting on the journey. They got advice from Allen and Joyner on how to select crops and take the challenges of growing crops over long periods on Mars. Students used a scoring system to select three foods to plant on Mars.

Allen found the results impressive: among 30 students, “no two people have ever gotten the same answer”, he said.

Human travelers to Mars will likely have to make use of resources on the planet rather than take everything they need with them on a spaceship. This means farming their own food on another planet, one that has a very different ecosystem (生态系统) from Earth’s.

One challenge for those who would like to live on Mars is the fact that there can be no farming tools. Like real astronauts, students taking part in the study cannot take farming tools with them. As Joyner put it to his student astronauts, “You are starting with nothing.” Besides, students also have to deal with a very limited choice of diet. “If you had to eat a single food for the rest of your life, could you do it?” Joyner asked.

But Allen believes the case study is about more than farming and eating on the Red Planet. “I’m not teaching about growing food on Mars,” Allen said, “I’m teaching about living with choices. I’m teaching about problem solving.”

1. What made Michael Allen and Helen Joyner carry out the case study?

A．A trip.

B．A book.

C．A movie.

D．A lecture.

2. In the case study, students have to ______.

A．start with everything	B．try different tools
C．watch the movie	D．select three foods

3. What might be the challenge for people living on Mars?

A．They have a limited choice of diet.	B．They have a lot of farming tools.
C．They have to take part in the study.	D．They have to select crops on Mars.

4. Michael Allen thinks that the case study teaches the students ______.

A．how to look for foods on Mars	B．to know more about Earth
C．how to solve problems	D．to learn about gardening

5. The passage is mainly about ______.

A．a research on how to farm on Mars	B．a Hollywood movie The Martian
C．how to survive alone on Earth	D．how to design a scoring system

2 . I would often watch the kids from my window as they played basketball. One day, among the children a girl ________ me. She seemed so small as she pushed her way through the crowd of boys. They always tried to stop her but no one could. She ________ to shoot jump shots just over their heads and into the basket. Later I often saw her practise alone until dark.

One day I asked her ________ she practised so much. Without hesitation, she said, “I want to go to college on a scholarship (奖学金). The only way I can do that is to play basketball well enough. My dad always says to me that if the dream is ________ enough, nothing could stop me.”

I ________ her through junior high and into high school. One day in her senior year, I saw her ________ in the grass, head in her arms. ________ I asked her what was wrong. She said softly that she was too short. The coaches told her that she would probably ________ get to play for a top college team — much less be offered a scholarship.

Sensing her ________, I asked her if she had talked to her dad about it yet. She told me that her father said those coaches were ________. They didn’t understand the ________ of a dream. He told her that if she really wanted to ________ for a top college, if she truly wanted a scholarship, nothing could stop her ________ one thing — her own attitude.

The next year, the girl was ________ a full scholarship to a NCAA women’s basketball team. She was going to ________, which she had dreamed of and worked toward for all those years.

1.

A．attracted

B．worried

C．satisfied

D．troubled

2.

A．expected

B．learned

C．managed

D．remembered

3.

A．why

B．how

C．when

D．where

4.

A．strange

B．bad

C．young

D．big

5.

A．helped

B．watched

C．taught

D．respected

6.

A．sleeping

B．working

C．dancing

D．sitting

7.

A．Coldly

B．Angrily

C．Quietly

D．Sharply

8.

A．frequently

B．never

C．sometimes

D．always

9.

A．comfort

B．disappointment

C．happiness

D．relief

10.

A．careless

B．serious

C．impolite

D．wrong

11.

A．sign

B．world

C．power

D．source

12.

A．sing

B．teach

C．cheer

D．play

13.

A．for

B．except

C．from

D．with

14.

A．offered

B．posted

C．produced

D．donated

15.

A．college

B．hospital

C．shop

D．charity

3 . I spent days preparing and writing my first paper and was looking forward to getting a ______ comment.

A．stupid

B．positive

C．negative

D．sad

5 . Many years ago, I was fresh out of school and working in Denver. One day, I drove to my parents’ home in Missouri for Thanksgiving Day. Suddenly, I found the gas was running out. I stopped, wondering what I was supposed to do. A car pulled up behind me and an old couple came out. They offered to pull my car to a gas station. When we said good- bye to each other. the husband gave me his business card.

When I arrived home, I wrote him and his wife a thank-you note. I soon received a note saying that helping me had made their holiday meaningful.

Years later, I drove to a nearby town for a meeting in the morning. In the late afternoon, I returned to my car and found that the battery was dead. Then I noticed that the Friendly Ford Dealership — a shop selling cars — was right next door. I walked over and found a salesman waiting beside the door.

“Would you please do me a favor?” I asked and explained my trouble. He quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it. He would accept no payment. When I got home, I wrote a note to thank him. I received a letter back from the salesman. He said no one had ever taken the time to write him a note of thanks and it meant a lot.

Although it is easy to say thanks to others, it means so much.

1. Why did the author drive to his parents’ home in Missouri?

A．To repair his car.	B．To see a friend.
C．For Thanksgiving Day.	D．For a meeting.

2. What happened when the author found the gas was running out?

A．An old couple helped him go to a gas station.

B．He had a word with a policeman nearby.

C．He pushed his car to a car dealership.

D．He called up his best friend for help.

3. What can we learn from Paragraph 3?

A．The author got a gas from the old couple.

B．The author’s car battery was dead.

C．The author wrote a letter to the old couple.

D．The author bought a car from the dealership.

4. When the salesman received the author’s thank-you note, he must have been ________.

A．moved

B．worried

C．nervous

D．sad

5. The main purpose of the passage is to tell us ________.

A．how to write a thank-you note	B．how to deal with car problems
C．the kind-heartedness of old people	D．the importance of expressing thanks

8 . The park rules state that no child shall be allowed to play on the slide, ______ accompanied by an adult.

A．if

B．when

C．unless

D．since

9 . My friend Martin is very nervous about the coming exam; ______, he can neither eat nor sleep well.

A．otherwise

B．after all

C．however

D．as a result

10 . When faced with the decision to get out of bed or have a few more minutes of sleep, which do you choose? Believe it or not, that decision could make a world of difference in the rest of your day.

About 85 percent of Americans use an alarm clock to wake up in the mornings, according to sleep researcher Till Roennenber. And while there are no official numbers on snoozing (打盹), a quick survey of social media makes it clear that hitting the snooze button is a popular choice for many people.

As to how the snooze button will affect your day, scientists have mixed opinions. Some scientists think people who hit the snooze button in the mornings are actually clever, creative and happy while some said that hitting the snooze button will ruin your life, or at least your day. “I feel that hitting the snooze button has got to be one of the worst things that ever happened to human sleep,” researcher Jonathan Horowitz said. “The chances of you ‘snoozing’ and actually experiencing a meaningful rest are close to zero.”

According to some sleep experts, when hitting the snooze button, you are in fact confusing your body and mind, and throwing yourself into a deep state of being sleepy. The body needs some time to wake up, so, when returning to what will be a light sleep for a brief period of time, you are putting your body back into a sleep mode before waking it again. At that point your body won’t know what it wants, resulting in a sort of half awaken state.

If you really want to take advantage of an alarm clock, the key is to form a healthy sleep cycle. Focus your efforts on getting enough sleep each night and waking up at the same time each day so that when your alarm goes off you feel rested.

1. What can we infer about hitting the snooze button from the first two paragraphs?

A．People do it just for fun.	B．It is a common practice.
C．People take it seriously.	D．It is a wise decision.

2. Which of the following can replace the underlined part in Paragraph 4?

A．cheating	B．improving
C．damaging	D．relaxing

3. What do some sleep experts think of hitting the snooze button?

A．It brings people a meaningful rest.

B．It turns people into lazier ones.

C．It helps people adapt to a new day.

D．It affects people to some extent.

4. What is the author’s suggestion according to the last paragraph?

A．Forming a good sleep habit.	B．Waking up a bit earlier.
C．Taking another light sleep.	D．Adding an extra alarm.

5. What is the best title for the text?

A．Secrets behind Snoozing in the Morning

B．Ways to Keep Refreshed after Wake-up

C．The Snooze Button: A Good Choice?

D．Snooze to Avoid the Light Sleep Mode