1 . 很快你就将18岁,这是一个该学会克服恐惧、肩负起责任、为自己制订规划的时候。( before) (汉译英）

2 . 虽然成人礼的习俗因文化的不同而有差异,但都象征从童年向成年的转变(vary) (汉译英）

4 . 自疫情爆发以来,跨地区旅行中的感染风险呈上升趋势。(rise(n)) (汉译英）

5 . Is there a need to rebuild the Old Summer Palace? In reply to such a proposal from a national lawmaker, the National Cultural Heritage Administration said there was no such need.

The Summer palace on the outskirts of China’s capital is a tranquil park with canals, bridges, pagodas, ginkgo tone ruins, and a few traditional buildings. Despite still covering a large area, the site today represents only a shadow of what stood before.The ruins have long been a potent symbol of China's"humiliation"at the hands of foreign powers.

In 1860, British and French troops looted and burned the Summer Palace in response to the killings of 20 European emissaries during the Second Opium War: Forty years later, it was further damaged by a coalition of foreign nations. Historian Bernard Brizay described these acts of cultural destruction as equivalent to invaders blowing up the Palace of Versaille (凡尔赛宫), looting thousands' of priceless artworks from the Louvre((卢浮宫), and burning France's national library to the ground。

Since rebuilding the Old Summer Palace was first proposed in 1980, there has been an ongoing public debate about whether its ruins should be left to stand as a permanent reminder of China's dark history. The state-run newspaper Guangming Daily called the remains of the Summer Palace "the most realistic teaching materials" for instilling a patriotic education. "Though humiliating, they cause people to think, "an author wrote. “They use a cruei reality to tell all Chinese people: Those who fall behind are struck down, while the strong rise and prosper.”

Those in the rebuild camp want to recapture old glory, but they don't understand the importance of cultural relics. A ruin like Yuan Ming Yuan is a historical record. In this case the history includes its destruction by fire. If you rebuild, you erase the record.

1. What does the underlined word"shadow"mean in paragraph 2?

A．The dark shape that the palace made on the ground

B．The strong and bad influence of the palace

C．The shame that the palace suffered from its history

D．The inseparable follower of the palace

2. Why are the Palace of Versailles and the Louvre mentioned in paragraph 3?

A．To imply that they are also cultural heritage

B．To contrast Chinese palace with French palace

C．To report these palaces were destroyed severely

D．To indicate the damage to the Summer Palace was unbearable

3. Which of the following statements is FALSE according to the passage?

A．The authorities have made specific comments on the lawmaker's proposal.

B．The European troops destroyed the palace in revenge for their loss of emissaries.

C．The palace is a living textbook as a negative example.

D．The disgrace of what the palace experienced shakes people' love for the country.

4. What is the author most likely to agree with?

A．Rebuilding palace won't hide scars.

B．Reproducing the palace history is humiliating.

C．Bringing back the palace's glory can be expected.

D．Whether the palace should be rebuilt remains to be seen.

7 . I passed one of my US colleagues and gave her a friendly greeting. Her reply was anything but friendly.

“What?"

“Er. You all right? ", I tried again.

She looked at me blankly. Then suddenly the cloud seemed to lift from her mind.

"Oh", she said, "You mean, how am I doing?" I thought you meant I had something on my face!”

As a British person coming to Beijing, I knew there would be cultural and language barriers between Chinese people and myself.

What I wasn't expecting were the cultural and language barriers between other English-speaking foreigners and myself.

Before the 2012 London Olympic Games, the Daily Mail newspaper published a guide to British English for Americans. Some of their examples were: Those are 'chips that go with your burger, instead of fries. You'd like some potato chips? Those are crisps. And: The best way to travel around the city during the Olympics will be by the underground, the rail network commonly known as the tube. It is not the subway ---that is a pedestrian(行人的) underpass.”

Any conversation I have with an American is proof of why a guide like this is necessary. British people usually know the American versions of words from TV or films (sorry-movies), but Americans never seem to have enough knowledge about British English.

The trouble is, it's not just Americans. When I speak English to non-English speakers I never know whether they have learned British or American English. When they say “chips”, for example, do they mean “French fries” or “potato chips”?

I can't help thinking back to the Daily Mail article: When you talk about pant in Britain， that means underwear. Trousers is the more appropriate term.

However, even though British English may have come first, around the world, the American way of spelling is getting more popular

Last month a survey released by US social media platform Steemit showed that English publications now largely use the American spelling, swapping words like “centre” for “center”. So it comes as no surprise that everyone I know just says “pants”.

1. The author mentioned her conversation with an American co-worker at the beginning to ________.

A．show how she gets along with American colleagues in the office

B．explain how to clear up misunderstandings between colleagues

C．introduce the differences between British and American English

D．describe what her life looked like after she came to Beijing

2. The underlined sentence "the cloud seemed to lift from her mind" means________.

A．she became confident of herself

B．she was not sure what to do next

C．she felt excited for what she heard

D．she came to understand the situation

3. Which of the following is most probably the author's idea?

A．British people don't care much about American English

B．Non-English speakers can't tell British English from American English

C．Non-native speakers seem to prefer American English to British English

D．A knowledge of differences between American and British English is very important in communication

4. The author is__________ language differences

A．pleased at

B．troubled by

C．careless about

D．fascinated with

8 . It is natural to find aspects of other cultures not only interesting but also attractive. Often the first image we see from another culture________ the longest in our minds. If you ask me what “Chinese culture” is, I would perhaps mention The Art of War or the Tao Te Ching, old classics I ________ by a Sinophile friend when I was a teenager. We considered them insightful and cool.

There is no better way, however, to help anyone really understand contemporary China than to learn its________. Therefore, I was ________ when the British government adopted a target that 5,000 students should be studying Mandarin(普通话) eight hours a week by 2020. Yet this is just part of a pan-Western ________! In the United States, the president has ________a similar movement to prepare young students to deal with China in future jobs.

The ________ behind such decisions include China’s economic development and growing importance in the world. As George Osborne, a member of the British Parliament put it, learning Mandarin will help young people succeed in an increasingly ________ economy. Mandarin is more “ ________ ”to their later careers than other languages.

I first met many Chinese and visited China during my university years. Since then, I’ve been trying to learn Mandarin. ________, studying the language by myself with books and CDs turns out to be quite tough. Devotion and regularly talking with native speakers really ________.

Meanwhile. I have found that many fresh graduates from China are not knowledgeable enough about Chinese and are not able to ________ original ideas to the West. This may explain why the most famous Chinese books in the West are still classics like those I mentioned. ________, the Western trend for learning Mandarin should not only fill you with pride but come as a“ ________” too. While you are busy learning English, you should perhaps spend an equal amount of time stepping up your Chinese knowledge as well. As part of the rising generation, you have the chance---and the responsibility--to ________ that cultural influence will go in both directions.

1.

A．waits

B．maintains

C．lasts

D．appears

2.

A．was devoted to

B．was introduced to

C．was interested in

D．was filled with

3.

A．culture

B．economy

C．language

D．industry

4.

A．impressed

B．confused

C．satisfied

D．stressed-out

5.

A．signal

B．custom

C．pleasure

D．trend

6.

A．doubted

B．supported

C．ignored

D．assisted

7.

A．problems

B．results

C．reasons

D．solutions

8.

A．weakening

B．tight

C．steady

D．competitive

9.

A．relevant

B．available

C．close

D．familiar

10.

A．Undoubtedly

B．Generally

C．Obviously

D．Unfortunately

11.

A．suffers

B．guarantees

C．works

D．applies

12.

A．express

B．expose

C．cover

D．communicate

13.

A．Besides

B．However

C．Therefore

D．Otherwise

14.

A．sorrow

B．warning

C．relief

D．confusion

15.

A．ensure

B．promise

C．detect

D．conclude

9 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A.fascination   B.luxury   C.adventurers     D. snow-capped   E.significantly   F.accessible G. hopefully   H. vast   I.draw   J.tempted     K.accommodate

Few countries have such a diverse and appealing“ Outdoors” as the USA. The landscape is     1     varied and spectacular. In the west there are Rocky Mountains with their     2     peaks, and in the east the forest-covered Appalachians, whose highest

summit is nearly 7000 feet. There is also an abundance of waterfalls, rivers, lakes that are small and intimate or     3     like the Great Lakes. In winter and spring, tourists are     4     by the clear skies and breathtaking multi-colored rocks of Arizona,Colorado and New Mexico.

Everything worth seeing in the USA is     5     to picnickers and vacationers by highways and unpaved secondary roads, which     6     people to places from where where they can push off onto the wilderness. Once in the wilderness,the chief worry will be, not how to avoid other hikers, but how not to get lost!

Many Americans, young and old, prefer camping in vehicles called"campers”. There exist many different kinds from the extremely extravagant to the cheap convertible pick-up truck. There are monster campers with every imaginable     7    , from deep freezers and microwave ovens, to plush carpets and color television sets.They can     8     four people comfortably.

Horseback riding also holds a     9     for many but it's a more expensive sport.There are ranches in Texas and other border states where you can stay and live the life of a cowboy or cowgirl. Other great outdoor pastimes for     10     can be skiing in the Rockies and hunting in Alaska, surfing, waterskiing in Florida.

10 . We all seemed unwilling to say what was on our minds, ________ it might arouse suspicion.

A．which

B．in order that

C．so that

D．for fear that