1 . Directions: Write an English composition in no fewer than 120 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
毕业前夕，由高三各班选出的学生代表召开了一个会议，讨论为母校送上一份礼物。经过讨论，最终他们定下了如下两个方案：
方案一：以年级的名义捐给学校一棵树；
方案二：为母校拍一部新学期的招生短视频。
现在，他们通过WeLink校园网征询年级同学们的意见。假设你是李华，请你写一封邮件给高三学生代表团表达你的想法。你的邮件必须包含：
1.你选择哪个方案；
2.通过比较说明你的理由。
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Learning to write effectively
I’ve been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like to think so.
Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting(lasting only a short time)thought , the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand.
The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls “free writing.” In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.
Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you’ve persuaded to sit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually have and you will end up staring blankly at the pages as the deadline draws near.
Instead of staring at a blank, start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through your available time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forth until you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.
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7 . In 1674 George Ravenscroft, an English glass merchant, was granted a patent for the discovery made at his factory in London that adding lead oxide(一氧化铝)to the melt resulted in a clearer, more durable product. Thus was born lead crystal, and with it the fashion, in England, of drinking wine from glass vessels rather than, say, metal ones.
Wine glasses have evolved since then, of course, and one aspect of this evolution is of particular interest to Theresa Marteau and her colleagues in the Behaviour and Health Research Unit at Cambridge University. Dr Marteau suspected that glasses have got bigger over the years, and that this may have contributed to the increased drinking of wine in Britain—an increase that has been particularly marked in recent decades.
As they report in the BMJ, a medical journal, she and her team obtained data on glass volumes going back to about 1700 from sources including the Royal Household and the Ashmolean, the university museum of Cambridge’s arch-rival, Oxford. Altogether, they recorded the capacity of 411 glasses and, as the chart shows, there has indeed been a near-continuous tendency for that capacity to increase since Ravenscroft’s day(he died in 1683). There is also a notable acceleration of the process starting in about 1990. In all, the average capacity of a wine glass increased from 66ml in the 1700s to almost 450ml in 2016-17.
That this volumetric inflation has stimulated wine consumption—Dr Marteau’s second hypothesis(假设)—is hard to prove. But it may have done. The amount of wine drunk in Britain has risen more than sevenfold since 1960, while the population has grown by only 25%. Data collected between 1978 and 2005 by Britain’s Office of National Statistics suggest the proportion of adults drinking wine fell from 60% to 50% over that period, while the average weekly wine consumption of those who did drink the stuff tripled, when measured as units of alcohol.
Meanwhile, work designed to test directly the idea that glass size matters, which Dr Marteau published last year, produced mixed results. She looked at the consequences for wine sales at a bar in Cambridge of serving its wares in both bigger and smaller glasses than normal, while keeping the serving sizes on offer(125ml or 175ml, according to customer choice)the same. In weeks when the bigger glasses were used, wine sales went up by 9% on average. The larger vessels, it seemed, were indeed encouraging customers to order refills more often. On the other hand, in weeks when the size of the glasses was below normal, sales did not go down. Reducing glass sizes, then, does not keep people sober.
1. Why does the writer mention George Ravenscroft’s patent in the first paragraph?| A．To introduce an important change in wine glasses. |
| B．To pay respect to a successful English glass merchant. |
| C．To arouse readers’ interest in how wine glasses are made. |
| D．To make a comparison between two ways of wine production |
| A．Wine consumption has been going up in the last 100 years. |
| B．The size of wine glasses has been increasing over the years. |
| C．Wine became a more durable product three hundred years ago. |
| D．Wine used to be drunk in a small metal container. |
| A．Today’s wine glasses are as big as those in the early 1900s. |
| B．The population of Britain has grown more quickly than wine consumption. |
| C．Those who drank consumed an increasing amount of wine between 1978 and 2005. |
| D．The proportion of adults drinking wine has kept going down since 1960. |
| A．healthy | B．considerate | C．not violent | D．not drunk |
8 . More than half the world’s population live in cities, and by 2050 the UN expects that proportion to reach 68%. This means more homes, roads and other infrastructure. Such a construction
As it happens, Chicago might become part of the
As the AAAs meeting heard this week, wood is one of the most
All this
If building with wood takes off, it does raise concern about there being enough trees to
| A．project | B．ambition | C．boom | D．security |
| A．expand | B．reform | C．contract | D．survive |
| A．rebel | B．outcome | C．answer | D．issue |
| A．greener | B．friendlier | C．lighter | D．taller |
| A．overbalanced | B．overshadowed | C．overlooked | D．overstated |
| A．domestic | B．promising | C．debatable | D．artificial |
| A．beauty | B．strength | C．friction | D．dimension |
| A．nevertheless | B．instead | C．moreover | D．meanwhile |
| A．deliveries | B．checkouts | C．purchases | D．payments |
| A．adds value | B．gives credit | C．gives a boost | D．makes a difference |
| A．cement | B．timber | C．concrete | D．synthetics |
| A．positive | B．negative | C．friendly | D．resistant |
| A．go round | B．go away | C．go over | D．go down |
| A．advocates | B．strategies | C．forests | D．farmers |
| A．imposing | B．visible | C．universal | D．structural |
| A. addressing B. adoption C. attend D. budgeting E. cautions F. correspond G. extended H. hesitancy I. packages J. regardless K. rigid |
Top work-life balance benefits for 2023
“Flexibility is the gold standard of work-life balance benefits,” says Jonathan Pas, health care leader at consulting firm Mercer.
It’s no surprise then that two years after the pandemic forced most office workers to perform their jobs remotely. 78% of employers say they’ll allow employees to continue doing so regularly in 2023, according to a Mercer survey. But there’s still some
Pas
Other benefits requiring a broader organizational buy-in are sabbaticals(公休假) and unlimited vacation days. Both benefits encourage employees to pursue interests outside of work with
Instead, they prefer to find new ways to give employees more money, with the rise of employer-funded lifestyle accounts, which are often reserved for big-ticket items that might otherwise require some
But perhaps the most telling statistic about the importance of
Behaviour contracts for teenagers
The conflict between you and your son or daughter is a problem, maybe it’s time you thought about setting up a ‘home rules contract’. This is an idea that’s being used more and more often, especially in families with rebellious teenage children. We interviewed Dr Amy Barker, a psychologist, who is in favour of the idea.
What is a home rules contract?
Dr Barker: It’s a formal agreement about the rules of behavior that teenagers
Who
Dr Barker: All the adults who have a parental role should be engaged. It’s important that they all agree and stick to the rules themselves. At the same time, the teenagers should also contribute their ideas.
What are the advantages of a contract?
Dr Barker: It makes it very clear to teens what they are and aren’t allowed
What areas should be covered in a contract?
Dr Barker: That depends. You can’t make rules for everything, so you have to decide what’s most important and
Do contracts solve
Dr Barker: No, of course not! There will always be conflicts and disagreements
