在抗击新冠疫情的过程中，我们的身边涌现出许多平凡的英雄，例如医护工作者、社区志愿者、快递小哥、警察、教师等等。假设你是明启中学的高三学生李华，你校学生会计划组织一次“向平凡的英雄致敬”(Salute Everyday Heroes)主题活动，现有原创诗歌大赛和短视频制作大赛两个选择，向全体学生征求意见。你准备写一封信给学生会，内容须包括：

8 . The study of psychology is facing a crisis. The Research Excellence Framework (the REF) has led to a research culture which is holding back attempts to stabilize psychology in particular, and science in general. The REF encourages universities to push for groundbreaking, innovative and exciting research in the form of 4* papers, but it does not reward the efforts of those who replicate(复制)studies.

The point of replicating a study is to test whether a statistically significant result will appear again if the experiments is repeated. Of course, a similar result may not appear - casting into questions the validity of the results from the first experiment.

Last year, the Open Science Collaboration attempted to replicate 100 studies from highly ranked psychological journalists. While 97% of the original studies had a statistically significant result, just 36% of the replications had the same outcome. Equally worrying: when an effect did appear, it was often much smaller than previously thought.

Recent data calls into question some widely influential findings in psychological science. These problems are not limited to psychology, however - many findings published in scientific literature may actually be false.

Science is supposed to be self-correcting and re-producibility is a cornerstone of the scientific method. Yet, we simply aren’t invested in replicating findings. We all want to be good researchers and understand more about how the world works. So why are we so reluctant to check our conclusions are valid?

Because no incentive(激励)is provided by the system we carry out our research in. In the UK, the REF rates the submitted research outputs in terms of their originality (how innovative is the research?), significance (does it have practical or commercial importance?), and rigour (is the research technically right?). Outputs are then awarded one to four stars. 4* papers are considered world-leading. The cumulative(累积的)total of 3* and 4* papers determines research funding allocation(分配)and has a knock-on effect on institutional position on the national ranking list and therefore attractiveness to students. Obviously, the more publications the better.

The focus on originality - publications exploring new areas of research using new models, and avoiding testing well-established theories - is the exact opposite of what science needs to be doing to solve doing to solve the troubling replication crisis. According to REF standards, replicating an already published piece of work is simply uninteresting.

Worryingly, many academics admit to engaging in at least one questionable research practice in order to achieve publication. Examples of this include: coming up with a theory after data is collected, stopping collecting data when an effect appears in case it disappears later, or only reporting the significant effects from collected data. Others simply fabricate data - Dutch psychologist Diederik Stapel shockingly falsified data from more than 50 studies. The REF completely harms our efforts to produce a reliable body of knowledge. Why?

With the next REF submission just four years away, many researchers are effectively faced with a choice: be a good scientist, or be a successful academic who gets funding and a promotion.

9 . WISH LIST

The latest driving tech

Staying focused on the road while glancing at your smartphone or satellite navigation for direction can be a distraction. That’s why Hudly has created its transparent heads-up display to keep your journey information right in your sight-line. Paired wirelessly with your smartphone, this 6.2-inch display allows you to view the road and its vibrant directions simultaneously. Also equipped with light sensors, this heads-up display will automatically adapt its visibility to suit your environment.

Bring Alexa along for the ride with this plug-in speaker from Anker. Paired with your smartphone, VIVA can make calls, stream music and provide audio navigation with simple voice commands. Plugged straight into your vehicle’s power outlet, this travel-size companion comes equipped with two USB ports so you and your passengers can charge smart devices on the go.

Keeping your tires at the correct pressure is of vital importance to not only staying safe on the roads, but to maintain low fuel consumption. With the ZUS smart safety monitors by Nonda, you receive real-time alerts if your tires are leaking air or in need of a refill. Taking only minutes to install, these high-tech dust caps simply screw on each tire and give you feedback on how each tire is performing, recording a detailed history of pressure changes over time.

Open a window into your vehicle’s health with GOFAR. By simply plugging the GOFAR adapter into your car’s computer, receive real-time information about any mechanical problems or performance information sent straight to your smartphone. In the same way a Formula I drive monitors their fuel efficiency on the track, the GOFAR Ray keeps you up to date on how you consume fuel with the simple dashboard light array(排列). If you’re hitting the gas too hard, the GOFAR Ray will illuminate red to let you know you’re wasting fuel and green when you’re driving optimally(最佳地).

If you want to get to know your car inside out, then the Automatic connected car assistant is the perfect addition to your vehicle. By simply plugging the compact diagnostic device into the vehicle, a whole host of information about your car is available at your fingertips. Using the Automatic app, this driving assistant can give detailed diagnostics about maintenance issues and performance alongside crash alerts, your vehicle’s real-time location and roadside assistance.

If your car isn’t Bluetooth connected, then Jabra Freeway is a great gadget to listen to high-quality sound and answer and make calls at the touch of a button or through voice activation. With three built-in speakers, Freeway offers impressive surround sound. However, if you prefer your vehicle’s speakers, the built-in FM transmitter will connect your smartphone straight to the car’s internal sound system. Equipped with a motion sensor, Freeway will always sense when you get into the car and automatically connect to your smartphone.

10 . I was at the funeral of my dearest friend - my mother. She finally had lost her long battle with cancer. The hurt was so intense; I found it hard to breathe at times. Always supportive, Mother clapped loudest at my school plays, held the box of tissues while listening to my first heartbreak, comforted me at my father’s death, and prayed for me my entire life.

When mother’s illness was diagnosed, my sister had a new baby and my brother had recently married his childhood sweetheart, so it fell on me, the 27-year-old middle child, to take care of her. I counted it an honor. My place had been with our mother, preparing her meals, taking her to the doctor, reading the Bible together. Now she was in heaven. My work was finished, but I was alone.

Deep in sorrow, suddenly, I heard a door open and slam shut at the back of the church. Quick footsteps hurried along the carpeted floor. A young man looked around briefly and then sat next to me. He folded his hands and placed them on his lap. His eyes started to be filled with tears.

“I’m late,” he explained, though no explanation was necessary.

After several eulogies(悼词), he leaned over and commented, “Why do they keep calling Mary by the name of Margaret?”

“Because that was her name, Margaret. Never Mary.” I whispered, wondering who the stranger was anyway.

“Isn’t this the Lutheran church?”

“No, the Lutheran church is across the street.”

“Oh ...”

“I believe you’re at the wrong funeral, Sir.”

The solemnness(庄重)of the occasion mixed with the realization of the man’s mistake bubbled up inside me and came out as laughter. Sharp looks from other mourner(哀悼者)only made the situation seem more stupid. I peeked at the confused, misguided man seated beside me. He was laughing too, as he glanced around, deciding it was too late for an uneventful exit. I imagined Mother laughing.

At the final “Amen,” we rushed out a door and into the parking lot. “I do believe we’ll be the talk of the town. By the way, my name is Rick,” he smiled.

That afternoon began a lifelong journey for me with this man who attended the wrong funeral, but was in the right place. A year after our meeting, we were married at a country church. This time we both arrived at the same church, right on time.

In my time of sorrow, God gave me laughter. In place of loneliness, God gave me love. This past June, we celebrated our twenty-second wedding anniversary. Whenever anyone asks us how we met, Rick tells them, “Her mother and my Aunt introduced us, and it’s truly a match made in heaven.”