1 . None of these efforts ______ today had it not been for the past 50-years of NASA efforts.

A．would exist

B．would have existed

C．existed

D．had existed

2 . I wanted the pleasure of being in Africa again. Feeling that the place was so large that it contained many untold tales and some hope and comedy and sweetness too, I aimed to reinsert myself in the bundy, as we used to call the bush, and to wander around. There I had lived and worked, happily, almost forty years ago, in the heart of the greenest continent.

In those old undramatic days of my school teaching in the bundu, folks lived their lives on bush paths at the end of unpaved roads of red clay, in villages of grass-roofed huts. They had a new national flag, they had just gotten the vote, some had bikes, many talked about buying their first pair of shoes. They were hopeful, and, so was I, a schoolteacher living near a settlement of mud-huts among trees and fields—children shouting at play; and women bent double—most with infants on their backs—hoeing(锄地) the corn beans; and the men sitting in the shade.

The Swahili word safari means “journey”, it has nothing to do with animals, someone “on safari” is just away and unobtainable and out of touch. Out of touch in Africa was where I wanted to be. The wish to disappear sends many travellers away. If you are thoroughly sick of being kept waiting at home or at work, travel is perfect: let other people wait for a change. Travel is a sort of revenge(报复) for having been put on hold, or having to leave messages on answering machines, not knowing your party’s extension, being kept waiting all your working life. But also being kept waiting is the human condition.

Travel in the African bush can also be a sort of revenge on mobile phones and email, on telephones and the daily paper, on the aspects of globalization that allow anyone who chooses to get their hands on you. I desired to be unobtainable. I was going to Africa for the best of reasons—in a spirit of discovery—simply to disappear, to light out, with a suggestion of I dare you to try to find me.

Home had become a routine, and routine made time pass quickly. I was a sitting duck in this predictable routine: people knew when to call me, they knew when I would be at my desk. I was in such regular touch that it was like having a job, a mode of life I hated. I was sick of being called up and asked for favors, hit up for money. You stick around too long and people begin to impose their own deadlines on you.

1. What did the writer expect from his journey?

A．To have a variety of enjoyable experiences.	B．To see how Africa had changed.
C．To see impressive scenery.	D．To meet some old friend.

2. Forty years ago, how did the writer feel about the future of the country where he was living?

A．Little was likely to change.	B．Things were likely to improve.
C．Women would do most of the work.	D．People’s expectations were too limited.

3. In Paragraph 3, what reason does the writer give for wanting to travel to Africa?

A．He wanted a change of activity.	B．He wanted people to be unable to contact him.
C．His health was suffering from staying at home.	D．He had been waiting to return to Africa for long.

4. The writer says “I was a sitting duck” in Paragraph 5 to show that _______.

A．he was boring	B．he was easy to find
C．he is fond of ducks	D．he was always lending money

3 . Lack of mutual________not only gets in the way of your work, but it can also________your relationships and your self-esteem.

A．comment … differ	B．respect … damage
C．benefit … destroy	D．expectation … decorate

4 . We________a powerful sense of loss when finding some species are extinct, never________.

A．can’t help but feel … to return	B．can’t help feel … to return
C．can’t help feeling … to be returned	D．can’t help to feel … returning

7 . Directions: Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the given verbs.

Dr Stewart Adams, the man who discovered ibuprofen (布洛芬，退烧药), died on January 30, 2019, at the Queen’s Medical Centre in Nottingham. He was 95. The following was taken from an interview with him about how his discovery of ibuprofen came about.

It was about 2:30 pm on Tuesday December 19, 1961,     1     there was a knock on the door. A technician entered the office of Dr Stewart Adams at Boots’ research laboratories in Nottingham with the latest data from ongoing trials. It was just     2     he wanted to see. The compound being tested against others, including aspirin, had successfully reduced or eliminated signs of any inflammation (炎症). This was the first indication     3     the research, begun five years earlier, might pay off.

The year 1956     4    (be) the beginning of the search for a drug that would relieve rheumatoid arthritis (类风湿关节炎), traditionally treated with large doses of aspirin. Dr Adams had a hunch (直觉，预感) about     5     compounds to test and narrowed them down over five years.

A group of compounds called carboxyls (羧基)     6    (prove) particularly interesting to Dr Adams’ team. His colleague, John Nicholson, found a number, but one caught their attention. Dr Adams said: “Of several hundred, we picked out the best, sent it for clinical trial — but it wasn’t active in rheumatoid arthritis.”

It was a major setback for Dr Adams and his colleagues, but they were undiminished in their determination. The researchers made a slight chemical modification to the compounds and moved into a new group of compounds, propionics (丙酸),     7     were discovered by Boots.

Of all the compounds, Compound 1472 had produced little or no inflammation during a test carried out. A similar test     8    (run) two days later using the same compound, 1472. As modest doses were stepped up, there was still no or reduced inflammation. Drug development takes time and is expensive. It was 30 months     9     ibuprofen became a product candidate at Boots.

During the 1970s Boots tested ibuprofen for further properties and it was marketed for dental pain, period pain and headaches. In 1983, it became the first drug to move from prescription only to over-the-counter. The big smile arrived when ibuprofen was approved for sale over-the-counter by the Food and Drug Agency in the United States     10     the need for a doctor’s prescription. It was to rank alongside aspirin and paracetamol (对乙酰氨基酚) for its properties as an analgesic (止痛) and is regarded as more effective.

8 . — “Recently I often watch the TV programs about the Russia-Ukraine war, but I don’t give up any Word Cup football match.”
— “_________.”

A．So do I

B．So I do

C．I do so

D．So it is with me

9 . On the pleasant shore of the city, about half way between Marseilles and the Italian boarder, ______ a large number of oak trees.

A．stand

B．stands

C．does stand

D．standing are