A couple of years ago, I had the pleasure of teaching a young couple to dive (潜水) in Thailand on one of my favorite reefs (礁). The weather conditions were perfect, with mild currents and excellent sight of the beautiful ocean and the bright, vivid corals. Even with their masks on, I could see the smiles on my students’ faces.
The dive couldn’t have gone better. However, things changed as we made our way back to the boat. As we swam back along the reef, I noticed the current (水流) changing. As it did, huge quantities of trash and plastic began to flood the area. I saw small reef fish swimming amongst the straws, plastic bags and other bits of rubbish. I noticed that some of the fish were pecking away (啄) at the plastic. By the time we got back onboard the boat, there were bits of plastic floating all around us. It looked more like a trash site than the ocean.
When I got home, the first thing I did was to go online and research plastic pollution in the ocean. I was surprised to find out that over the past decade, divers and beach lovers have seen a lot of changes in the oceans. Even very remote locations were suddenly filled with plastic and other chemicals. Plastics were entering our oceans at an alarming rate—up to 12 million tons each year. This huge amount of plastic was wreaking havoc (破坏) not only on the environment, but also on the marine animals that lived in the ocean, such as sea turtles and sea birds. Some of them were sadly mistaking the pieces of plastic for food. Pollution has brought our oceans to the point of disaster, and unless we make a great change, then our oceans and all of its living things, will be at risk.
Since that unforgettable plastic-polluted dive, I have become an ocean supporter and spend my days trying to get the message out there about just how harmful ocean pollution is, not only to marine life, but also to mankind.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then the idea came to me: I could appeal to my fellow divers to take action.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I decided to take it a step further to try and stop those companies producing single-use plastics.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1. What will control the tree house’s temperature?
| A．The roof. | B．The leaves. | C．The soil. |
| A．Changing colors. | B．Collecting sunlight. | C．Producing energy. |
| A．It allows cool air to come in. |
| B．It is easy for hot air to flow out. |
| C．It can protect the house from strong cold air. |
1. What helps Karl most to become successful?
| A．Hard work. | B．Good training. | C．A set schedule. |
| A．He has good meals. | B．He has a good rest. | C．He does more training. |
| A．At about 8:30 a. m. | B．At about 9:00 a. m. | C．At about 9:50 a. m. |
| A．To avoid the mistakes they’ve made. |
| B．To relax themselves completely. |
| C．To know the opposing team. |
1. What did the woman help do in Ghana?
| A．Teach children at a school. |
| B．Build houses for the locals. |
| C．Care for wild animals. |
| A．212-831-7172. | B．212-831-7272. | C．212-831-7372. |
| A．On the right of the bridge. |
| B．At the end of Centre Walk. |
| C．Opposite the Physical Education Building. |
1. What are the speakers mainly discussing at the beginning?
| A．Types of coffee. | B．A coffee maker. | C．Best time to drink coffee. |
| A．One. | B．Two. | C．Three. |
| A．The taste. | B．The smell. | C．The health benefits. |
| A．Tea. | B．Coffee. | C．Water. |
7 . Historical accounts often described the now-extinct California grizzly bears as huge beasts ready to attack humans and livestock at any time. But according to a new paper, scientists say the truth might have been less dramatic: The bears ate a mostly vegetarian diet and were smaller than previously described. California grizzly bears once roamed in the Golden State. But European settlers often hunted, poisoned and trapped the creatures. Over time, because of these human activities, the California grizzly population declined. The last reliable sighting of a California grizzly bear occurred 100 years ago in 1924, and the animals disappeared completely sometime after that.
Researchers wanted to get a better understanding of the factors that accelerated the bears’ extinction. They also hoped to gain more insight into the creatures’ behavior, size and diet. To do so, they turned to documents and California grizzly specimens in natural history collections. They measured the animals’ skulls and teeth and analyzed their bones and pelts. The researchers found that California grizzly bears were much smaller than the 2,000 pounds often reported at the time. Historical accounts might not necessarily have been wrong, but they might have only included the largest bears. In addition, analyses of the animals’ bones and skins suggest the bears were primarily eating plants, which stands in contrast to their fear some hyper carnivorous (超级食肉的) reputation. “The bears likely increased meat consumption due to landscape changes coupled with the arrival of livestock,” says study co-author Alexis Mychajliw. However, researchers found the animals still ate a majority vegetarian diet and killed far less livestock than historical accounts suggested.
By digging beyond the bears’ reputation, the researchers gained a more accurate understanding of the California grizzly’s biology and natural history. And since scientists and land managers often rely on historical accounts when reintroducing animals to their former habitats, the study serves as a reminder that those old newspapers and journals do not tell the whole story.
1. What does the underlined word “roamed” in paragraph 1 mean?| A．Disappeared. | B．Declined. | C．Fought. | D．Wandered. |
| A．They mainly fed on livestock. |
| B．Their diet consisted mostly of plants. |
| C．They ate a balanced diet of plants and meat. |
| D．The absence of livestock changed their dietary habit. |
| A．They are unique. | B．They are one-sided. |
| C．They are accurate. | D．They are comprehensive. |
| A．The natural habitats of California grizzly bears. |
| B．The extinction process of California grizzly bears. |
| C．The reveal of the truth of California grizzly bears. |
| D．The significance of the arrival of California grizzly bears. |
Your home can be a dangerous place, but by making it safer you can prevent accidents. The kitchen, bathroom, and bedroom are where most accidents happen. These can include falls, fires, poisoning, cuts, hot water burns, and electric shocks.
THE KITCHEN
People may slip when the floor is wet, so make sure the floor is kept dry.
Always cut away from your body when you use a knife.
Follow instructions for all electrical appliances.
Unplug all appliances after use.
THE BEDROOM
•Never smoke in bed.
•Keep a lamp near the bed.
•Have a telephone near the bed, especially when you’re feeling ill.
•Don’t run electrical wires under carpets.
THE BATHROOM
•Don’t plug in an electrical appliance or use one while standing in water.
•Don’t use a hairdryer near a bath containing water.
•Keep the bathroom floor dry.
•Make sure that your hot water heater is set at a low temperature.
PREVENTING FIRES
Fires can cause terrible damage to your home and terrible injuries to people. If there is a fire, your first priority is getting everyone out of the house safely, and then calling for help. Never go back into a burning building to save your things.
•Buy clothes, curtains, and toys that do not burn easily.
•Use heaters very carefully, as they can set objects on fire.
•Place them away from furniture.
•When cooking, do not let oil touch the fire or other sources of heat.
•Check electrical wires a number of times each year to make sure they are in good condition.
•Switch off your gas and electricity when you will be away from home for a long time.
•Make sure your home is equipped with fire extinguishers.
CHILDREN AND HOME SAFETY
Homes are not always safe places for young children.Being curious, they may stick their fingers or objects into dangerous places and end up suffering from electric shocks or getting burnt. In addition, they may try to eat or drink anything they can find, whether it is food or not. For these reasons, it is important to make your home safe if you have young children about.
•Keep matches out of the reach of children.
•Store all cleaning materials in a locked cupboard.
•Never leave a small child alone in the bath.
•Put covers over electrical outlets.
•Keep all medicines out of the reach of children.
MAKING YOUR HOME SAFE FOR THE ELDERLY
The elderly present special challenges, as they may have trouble moving about and can be seriously hurt in falls. If you have an elderly person in your home, you may need to take some extra measures to make your home safer.
•Make sure that passages within the home are kept clear.
•Put non-slip bath mats in and next to the bath and shower.
•Put handrails along passage walls and in the bathroom.
1. Which is not included in the common accidents around the house?| A．Smoking. | B．Falls. | C．Electric shocks. | D．Poisoning. |
| A．storing all cleaning materials in a locked cupboard. |
| B．putting handrails along passage walls and in the bathroom. |
| C．following instructions for all electrical appliances. |
| D．keeping the bathroom floor dry. |
| A．You should make sure that your hot water is set at a low temperature. |
| B．You shouldn’t run electrical wires under carpets. |
| C．You should keep all medicines out of the reach of children. |
| D．You don’t have to have your home equipped with fire extinguisher. |
| A．Newspaper. | B．An advertisement. |
| C．A home-safety manual (使用手册). | D．The Internet. |
1、你打算去的地方；2、你为什么想去那里；3、你希望学到什么；
4、可能面临的困难；5、你会在旅途中感受到什么。
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10 . Since tea spread from China worldwide, it has become one of the most popular drinks in the world. Different countries have their own tea cultures, like afternoon tea in England.
The tradition of afternoon tea is a very special part of English culture. The custom of drinking tea became popular in England during the 1660s. It was not until the mid-19th century that the idea of “afternoon tea” first appeared.
Afternoon tea is served in the mid-afternoon, between lunch and a late dinner. The idea came from Anna, the seventh Duchess(公爵夫人) of Bedford, in 1840. At the time, many families would eat a late dinner at about 8 p. m., which was one of only two main meals each day, and the other was a mid-morning meal.
With a long time between breakfast and dinner, Anna would become hungry around 4 o’clock in the afternoon. So she asked some tea, bread, butter and cakes to be brought to her room during the late afternoon. This became a habit of hers and she began inviting friends to join her.
Later, Anna continued it, sending cards to her friends asking them to join her for “tea and a walking in the fields”.
Others soon picked up on the idea. By the 1880s, afternoon tea became an event for many ladies. They would be dressed beautifully to be served in the sitting room between four and five o’clock, talking about the latest news, their daily life and fashion.
Today’s afternoon tea is simpler than traditional afternoon tea. It is just a biscuit or small cake and a cup of tea. However, there is one thing that has never changed - the meaning of afternoon tea.
1. When did the idea of “afternoon tea” first appear in England?| A．In the 1660s. | B．In the 1880s. |
| C．In the mid-19th century. | D．In the 1840s. |
| A．Because she felt hungry. | B．Because she loved drinking tea. |
| C．Because she needed to treat friends. | D．Because she wanted to change the meaning of afternoon tea. |
| A．Afternoon tea has spread all over the world. |
| B．People used to drink tea more often than now. |
| C．Afternoon tea gives people a chance to communicate. |
| D．Women like afternoon tea much more than men. |
