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1 . 这些早期的移民把他们的幸存归功于艰苦的劳动和必胜的决心。(owe…to…)
These early settlers ____________________
2024-03-17更新 | 13次组卷 | 2卷引用:海南中学2023-2024学年高二下学期开学测试英语试题
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文章大意:本文是议论文。文章作者探讨了在追求事业时,要相信自己。

2 . Even when you have confidence in yourself, your goals will sometimes seem out of reach. When that happens, get hold of the people who _________ you and your goals and don’t let go!

When I was younger, I _________ because life felt so hard. I had _________to become a teacher or a business administrator. I knew I needed a college degree, but I had _________ believing in myself. Then a teacher in my high school _________ me. He told me three things: First, if you don’t believe in yourself, it will be _________ to get anyone else to believe in you. Second, never let other people’s _________ to see your brilliance prevent you from being brilliant. And third, despite life’s _________, stick to creating the future you want.

Early in my _________, I was teaching a workshop when a person in the audience yelled out to me. He told me I had __________ made a job choice and had a bright future. This __________ feedback (反馈)came at just the right time, because while the audience didn’t know it, I was __________ self-doubt.

Even now, I __________ myself that I have a bright future. That’s what I tell myself when I __________ success and failure. You have a bright future ahead. Think about this every single day. Remember your talents, skills, and interests. Explore the jobs that interest you, and have courage—and most __________, believe in yourself.

1.
A.refer toB.depend onC.learn fromD.believe in
2.
A.quitB.struggledC.regrettedD.argued
3.
A.responsibilitiesB.dreamsC.opportunitiesD.doubts
4.
A.stoppedB.admittedC.allowedD.considered
5.
A.trackedB.recommendedC.accompaniedD.encouraged
6.
A.seriousB.possibleC.hardD.necessary
7.
A.requestB.unwillingnessC.inabilityD.attempt
8.
A.difficultiesB.optionsC.aimsD.standards
9.
A.careerB.experimentC.businessD.recovery
10.
A.foolishlyB.simplyC.wiselyD.bravely
11.
A.originalB.familiarC.typicalD.positive
12.
A.looking intoB.taking downC.dealing withD.pointing out
13.
A.introduceB.remindC.guaranteeD.warn
14.
A.experienceB.describeC.compareD.limit
15.
A.probablyB.fortunatelyC.obviouslyD.importantly
文章大意:这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者出于好心,把走失的狗狗送到警察局,最后狗狗找到了主人,作者收到了一封以狗狗的口吻写的感谢信和鲜花的暖心故事。

3 . There was an old dog in the middle of the road who seemed lost. You could tell he had loving owners because he looked _______ and he had no street sense. The basset hound (巴塞特) was _______ a busy street, and everyone was stopped. A man was able to lead the dog out of the road with a _______ he had packed for his lunch. The dog had no collar. I said I would take him to the police station.

When I did, the police told me they did not _______ animals. They said I would have to take him to the _______ 20 miles away. I told them I was working and _______ . I asked whether they could _______ the dog until I got off work. If the dog owner hadn’t _______ by then, I would take him home. They agreed. I got home at six and called the police station. I was _______ to learn that the owners had ________ their dog. The police said the people wanted my name and address to send me a thank-you note. I gave my ________ , but never expected to hear from them.

Later that day, I was making ________ and heard a knock on the door. It was the flower man holding a large, beautiful arrangement. The card read, “I may be ________ , fat, and hard of hearing, but you were a wonderful woman to save my life. My small owners are ________ that I wasn’t killed. With much love, Barney the Basset Hound.” I got flowers from a dog! They were a perfect ________ for the centre of my dinner table.

1.
A.ill-treatedB.good-naturedC.well-fedD.mean-looking
2.
A.sweepingB.blockingC.findingD.exploring
3.
A.sandwichB.dog foodC.handkerchiefD.beer
4.
A.checkB.handleC.murderD.limit
5.
A.wildlandB.hospitalC.shelterD.coach
6.
A.on the clockB.in the airC.at easeD.out of danger
7.
A.teachB.studyC.treatD.keep
8.
A.appearedB.diedC.lostD.agreed
9.
A.annoyedB.overjoyedC.honouredD.heartbroken
10.
A.cleaned upB.looked forC.picked upD.given away
11.
A.nameB.numberC.adviceD.information
12.
A.brunchB.lunchC.breakfastD.dinner
13.
A.desertedB.agedC.wiseD.energetic
14.
A.curiousB.worriedC.gladD.confident
15.
A.decorationB.dishC.toyD.award
阅读理解-七选五(约240词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是今年开展园艺工作的原因。

4 . Whether it’s for your health, environment — or your wallet — gardening has seen a boom in recent years.     1    . Here are our top reasons to get gardening this year:

Pick your own

    2    . From picking your own strawberries or unearthing the first new potatoes of the year, homegrown veg is a joy. It simply tastes better. Whether that’s down to the triumph of simply growing your own or eating it when it’s at its freshest, once you start home growing you may never stop.

Invite community conversations

Over the garden fence. At the vegetable fields. While weeding your window boxes.

    3    . Simply being out and about in your garden invites interaction and conversation with neighbours and people in your local area, which in itself has multiple social and wellbeing benefits.

Build strength

Gardening is exercise because you do small tasks like cutting grass or raking (耙地) that fall under the category of light or moderate exercise. However, you also dig, shovel, and chop wood to get this level up to moderate exercise.     4    . And this can help build up your strength.

Boost mood

Did you know that gardening can boost your mood while increasing your self-respect levels? When you make time to go out and work in your garden, your anxiety levels can go down and you could start to feel less depressed. One study looked at this benefit of gardening. There searchers took people who suffered from depression and had them participate in a 12-week long gardening.     5    .

A.The more you garden, the stronger you will get
B.All of these tasks ensure you work your muscles
C.There’s nothing like eating your own vegetables
D.And now is a great time to get your hands dirty in soil
E.A big benefit of gardening is forming connections with new people
F.They found that each participant had great improvement in their condition
G.It’s amazing to have someone to talk to when you’re tending your plants or vegetables
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文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了光环效应对消费者的影响。

5 . The halo effect is a cognitive bias (认知偏见) that affects our opinions of quality in products, brands, businesses or people. It describes our tendency to judge a wider concept on our experience of a single moment or interaction. That is, your experience of using a product may colour your impression of an entire brand.

This is a very surface-level, quick-fire response that’s deep in our mind. If we see a good or bad quality, we really can’t help thinking this “thing” must flow through to the rest of the person, business or brand. Marketers understand this and have been using it against you for years.

Advertisers want to back winners, especially those on big stages. The Olympics, the World Cup and the Super Bowl all attract huge amounts of advertising spend. Why? Because when sports stars win big, they create huge amounts of feel-good factors and a brand can use the halo effect to project some of those feel-good factors onto themselves.

Studies have shown that when a product has a label that it is either fair trade, sustainably sourced or organic in nature, it will receive higher ratings in customer satisfaction and people will pay more for it. In a blind taste test though, that’s not necessarily the case. The product could be considered poor in taste or quality, but the act of adding a certain label to the packaging increases people’s liking for it.

The halo effect is a bias we cannot escape. It is in action everywhere in the modern world. Every high-end product you experience leaves a lasting impression and every advertisement that catches your eye is looking to direct your attention towards something you may not have otherwise been interested in. As a consumer, be careful. There are businesses that will go to any extent to influence your behaviour. Next time you find yourself really wanting something, stop and ask yourself why.

1. How does the halo effect influence our opinions?
A.It helps us see things in a better way.B.It deepens our understanding of things.
C.It stops us from jumping to conclusions.D.It works on us through former experience.
2. Why do advertisers back winners of big events?
A.To use halo effect to attract more audience.
B.To contribute to the development of sports.
C.To connect their brands with positive emotions.
D.To drive sports stars to create feel-good factors.
3. What can be inferred about the halo effect from Paragraph 4?
A.It leads to false advertisements.B.It results in incorrect judgments.
C.It ensures the quality of products.D.It improves environmental protection.
4. What is the purpose of the last part of the text?
A.To warn of unplanned buying.B.To summarize the halo effect.
C.To expose the influence of advertising.D.To show modern marketing strategies.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约440词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了随着乌干达旅游业及相关产业的发展,乌干达餐馆面临缺乏优秀厨师的现状及为解决该问题采取的措施方法。

6 . The middle class in Uganda is on the increase. So is the country’s tourism industry. The growth of restaurants and high-end hotels is evidence that both foreigners and Ugandans are spending money. But the owners of these businesses have often had to turn to other countries to find executive chefs (行政总厨) . The reason: a lack of well-trained chefs and other assistants at Ugandan restaurants. Slowly but surely, this is changing.

Uganda has a problem not normally found in a low-income country. It has a shortage of local chefs. In recent years, the number of restaurants and tourism-related businesses has risen. As a result, the demand for well-trained cooks and other assistants has grown. But experienced chefs are difficult to find. Jean Byamugisha is in the Uganda Hotel Owners Association. “The biggest challenge is capacity building. People really need a lot of training, especially now that we are competing to reach East African level.”

To meet the need, many restaurants have turned to neighboring countries for help. Enock Alumasi is from Kenya. He saw that Uganda had a lack of top chefs. So he helped set up the Impact Chefs Academy in 2013. The academy is the only school in Uganda that offers a full training program for chefs. It offers a number of program-starting with one-week courses for those who already have a career in the restaurant industry, to a year-long training program.

One recent day, several students were learning the different ways to fry an egg. This may sound like something that comes naturally to a chef. But some workers have never cooked an egg before. Brian Kazibe has worked as a chef. He says that some trainees have learned about five different areas of restaurant operations over three months. “By the time they get to the kitchen,” he says, “they only remain for two or three weeks, which is not really enough for them.”

The Impact Chef’s Academy has trained more than 3, 000 people in the past two years. Jean Byaugisha says that the need is still growing. “The impact is not yet felt. One week’s training for a chef is too short. We need somebody who can come for two months, six months, nine months and train the chefs and release somebody who can actually come to the restaurant or a hotel and prepare a meal that everybody will fall over themselves to pay for.” However, the academy has gotten a taste of success; it looks forward to expanding.

1. What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs?
A.Uganda is a high-income country now.
B.Tourism is Uganda’s main source of GDP.
C.Visitors go to Uganda mainly for its foods.
D.Uganda’s economy develops at a high speed.
2. What can we learn about the Impact Chef’s Academy?
A.It mainly trains students to fry eggs.
B.It provides courses different in length.
C.It employs teachers from neighboring countries.
D.It was set up by Enock Alumasi in Kenya in 2013.
3. In the past two years, the Impact Chef’s Academy ________.
A.has gained success to some extent
B.has trained enough experienced chefs
C.has set up a series of chain training schools
D.has only opened short-term classes for 3 months
4. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A.How to solve the difficulties in Uganda.
B.Handling lack of excellent chefs in Uganda.
C.The setting up of the Impact Chef’s Academy.
D.The expanding of the middle class in Uganda.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约380词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了希瑟·唐恩和凯瑟琳·肯威尔收集了疫情期间加拿大发生的49个暖心故事,并整理成书,该书展现了加拿大人对待疫情的积极态度。

7 . Remember the woman in Port Hood, N. S. whose recipe for meat rolls spread all over the internet? The dog from Quebec that attracted hundreds of thousands of followers for its advice on surviving social isolation? The pilot whose path over Nova Scotia formed the shape of a heart?

All of their stories, and dozens more, are collected in a new book by two Canadian authors. It took Heather Down and Catherine Kenwell just a little more than seven weeks to collect the stories behind the 49 uplifting moments they recorded during the pandemic.

The book includes everything from the tale of Robbie Griffiths, the father from Paradise, N. L. who dressed up as Spider-Man so kids could have something positive in their day, to Carter Mann, the Grade 5 student from Sudbury, Ont, who wrote a poem to encourage front-line heroes including his own father, who is a health carer.

“Not Canceled: Canadian Caremongering in the Face of COVID-19” is a reminder that a lot of positive things happened during lockdown. The book’s title is a nod to the Canadian attitude and reaction to the pandemic, as the word “caremongering” has Canadian roots. Even the number of stories is no accident: it’s a reference to the 49th parallel, along which runs the Canada-U. S. border between Manitoba and B. C.

One of the stories in “Not Canceled” centers on the marriage of a couple in B. C. They may have had to shift their celebrations to a living room, but the ceremony was far from lonely. Friends showed up in their cars outside, with everyone tuned into the same radio station, so the bride and groom could have their first dance in the middle of the street.

Down wanted to document how the nation navigated such dark times with kindness. She told CTV News that “the response has been amazing. I’m so pleased.”

The stories included in the book are just the tip of the iceberg. Down says that there are so many stories left over that she and Kenwell might just have to do a second book.

1. What does the underlined word “uplifting” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A.Inspiring.B.Embarrassing.C.Mysterious.D.Humorous.
2. What is the tale of Carter Mann?
A.He trained hard to become a health carer.
B.He wrote poems with the help of his father.
C.He used words to cheer up essential workers.
D.He dressed up as Spider-Man to please other kids.
3. What can be inferred about the title of the book?
A.It shows Canadian attitude and response.
B.It shows the total number of the stories.
C.It has the new-made word “caremongering”.
D.It contains Canada’s geographical information.
4. What happened during the wedding ceremony in B. C.?
A.It was canceled halfway.B.It was held completely indoor.
C.It was witnessed by a group of friends.D.It was broadcast live by a radio station.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约270词) | 容易(0.94) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍四个青少年野生动物志愿者项目。

8 . Wildlife Volunteer Programs for Teens

Age: 14-17
Duration: 2 weeks
Wildlife Orphanage Program, Zimbabwe

At one of the most successful wildlife care centers in Zimbabwe, volunteers work with wildlife ranging from monkeys to lions. These animals have been abandoned, injured, or rescued from illegal wildlife traders. Tasks include preparing food, cleaning out yards, and contributing enrichment ideas. Leisure time can be spent visiting Victoria Falls and Hwange National Park.

Age: 13-15
Duration: 4 weeks
Sea Turtle (海龟) Conservation Program, Greece

With this program, teens can help the endangered sea turtle while working alongside experts. Volunteers can expect long walks along the beach watching over sea turtles nesting areas or building fences to protect them from natural enemies. Volunteers will also have the opportunity to explore ancient ruins and sample delicious Greek cuisine.

Age: 17-19
Duration: 3 weeks
Yucatan Peninsula Program, Mexico

With this program, volunteers will learn about the issues facing the marine (海洋的) ecosystem, including pollution, overfishing, and climate change. Teens will gain valuable skills on how to conduct deep sea research and identify fish species. During free time, participants can explore Mayan ruins set in tropical (热带的) jungles.

Age: 16-18
Duration: 2 weeks
Preserving Nature’s Wonders Program, Galapagos

Volunteers joining this program help restore the natural habitat of native wildlife, which is in danger of losing its habitat. This program gives teens an experience of a lifetime where they can swim with sea lions and spot rare wildlife in one of the last untouched places on earth.

1. Where should teens go if they want to look after wounded animals?
A.Zimbabwe.B.Greece.C.Mexico.D.Galapagos.
2. What can volunteers in the Sea Turtle Conservation Program do during their free time?
A.Visit a national park.B.Enjoy tasty local food.
C.Set foot in an untouched place.D.Explore ancient ruins in tropical jungles.
3. Which program is suitable for 19-year-olds with a 4-week holiday?
A.The Wildlife Orphanage Program.B.The Sea Turtle Conservation Program.
C.The Yucatan Peninsula Program.D.The Preserving Nature’s Wonders Program.
阅读理解-阅读单选(约340词) | 适中(0.65) |
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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究,该研究表明,ADHD药物实际上会损害那些希望通过服用药物来提高智力的健康学生的大脑功能。

9 . Many college students turn to ADHD (注意缺陷障碍) medicine during the exam week, which is regarded as “smart drugs” that will help their academic (学术的) performance. The thinking is that if the drugs help students with ADHD improve their focus, they should provide the same benefit for people who don’t have the disorder.

But a new study shows that drugs can actually damage brain function of healthy students who take the drug hoping to boost their intelligence. “It’s not a smart drug which will suddenly improve their ability to understand information they read,” said Lisa Weyandt, a professor at the University of Rhode Island.

To test whether this effect is real or not, researchers organized 13 students to take part in two five-hour study sessions(一段时间)in the lab. The students took the standard 30mg ADHD drugs before one session, and a sugar pill before the other. Students on ADHD drugs did experience an increase in their blood pressure and heart rates. “The medicine was having an effect on their brain,” Weyandt said. The students also showed an improvement in their ability to focus, the researchers found.

However, students on ADHD drugs experienced no improvement in reading comprehension, reading fluency or knowledge reviews, compared to when they’d taken a sugar pill. “We read aloud stories to them and asked them to recall information from the stories,” she said. “That didn’t improve.”

Worse, the ADHD drug actually harms students’ memory. It’s often misused because people pull all-nighters and they’re tired, and they think it’s going to keep them awake. Maybe it does, but it’s certainly not going to help their academic work. The brain is still developing until the mid to late 20s. It’s important to keep it healthy. There’s also a chance that ADHD drugs could endanger a student’s heart health.

1. Why do some college students take ADHD drugs?
A.To improve their sleeping.B.To get higher marks.
C.To make them feel relaxed.D.To treat brain disorder.
2. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “boost” in Paragragh2?
A.Analyze.B.Affect.C.Improve.D.Understand.
3. What effect did ADHD drugs have on the students?
A.They became more focused.
B.Their blood pressure was reduced.
C.Their reading fluency was greatly raised.
D.They could remember better and more quickly.
4. What is the author’s attitude towards the ADHD drug?
A.IndifferentB.PositiveC.DoubtfulD.Negative
20-21高一·浙江·阶段练习
阅读理解-阅读单选(约280词) | 较难(0.4) |
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文章大意:这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了23岁的清华学生柳济琛开发了一款名为“光盘打卡”的小程序,旨在用技术创新减少浪费食物的现象。

10 . Liu Jichen, 23, a student from Tsinghua University, has developed a WeChat mini-program called “Clear Your Plate”. After a meal, users can open the mini-program and take a picture of their empty plates. Once the image is recognized by the AI(Artificial Intelligence), students can collect points and use them to buy gifts or purchase charity meals to children in impoverished(贫困的) rural areas.

Liu and his team, together with other organizations, launched the “Clear Your Plate” campaign in November for the third year. It has swept over 1,017 universities across the country. The one-month campaign attracted almost 1.6 million participants and collectively reduced food waste by 862 tons and carbon emissions(碳排放) by 3,337 tons.

“Technological innovation is a good way to reduce food waste,” Liu thought. He organized a team of 20 members to work on the project at the end of 2017. To solve the AI’s problem of identifying photos of empty plates, the team spent half a year collecting over 100,000 samples in canteens and restaurants. In 2018, the mini-program was officially put into operation on Oct 16, World Food Day. They then launched a campaign later that year.

“There were so many unknowns in research and development. For our team members, the biggest challenge was whether we were confident enough to complete it,” Liu said. They not only achieved their goal, but now, the mini-program has more than 5 million registered users, according to Liu. “We hope our efforts can start a new trend among the younger generation by encouraging them to cherish(珍惜) their food and develop the habit of thrift(节约),” Liu added.

1. What can we know about the “Clear Your Plate” mini-program?
A.It aims to put an end to waste and encourage thrift.
B.Its 6 million users are mostly students.
C.It helped reduce food waste by 3,337 tons.
D.It is an exchange of food for rewards to help poor children.
2. What challenge did Liu and his team face?
A.They found it tough to promote the campaign.
B.They felt uncertain whether they could complete the project.
C.They lacked professional technical support.
D.They had difficulty gathering enough samples.
3. Which of the following best describes Liu Jichen?
A.Optimistic and demanding.B.Generous and responsible.
C.Talented and humorous.D.Creative and determined.
4. Where is the text probably from?
A.A guidebook.B.A news report.C.A book review.D.A textbook.
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