Are you a “glass-half-empty” or a “glass-half-full” type of person? A study showed that optimists (乐观主义者) are more likely to live longer than those who have a(n)     1     (愁眉苦脸) in life. The theory goes that optimists may find it easier to control their emotions. Here are some people’s opinions about how to stay positive.

Vicki Siska has been through some stressful times but has managed to remain optimistic. “Music    2     (使我高兴起来), a sense of humour keeps me seeing the bright side of things, and I have good friends who love and care for me,” she said.

Humour also helped Pippa Kennedy stay positive. She watched a TV show named Dad’s Army to help her get through a bad     3     (心情). “I also think being grateful for what you have and lots of chocolate help,” she added.

Sue Oakley Dunn says she remains positive and healthy because she does “what makes my soul sing”. She has plenty of hobbies to do for     4     (娱乐). “It works for me,” says Sue.

As well as the benefits of friendship and laughter, Robyn Black, who does yoga and has better access to    5     (医疗保健), recommends that staying fit and healthy is quite     6     (必不可少的).

Sports like American football and ice hockey get most of the attention when it comes to concussions (脑震荡) and other forms of brain injury. But soccer is a(n)     1     (激烈的) sport for which the head can be as important as the foot.

Heading the ball is a key soccer skill. But a new study finds that players who head the ball frequently are more likely to suffer     2     (长久的) brain injury and damage their memory than players who are less likely to use their heads.

“For many people, it’s beyond belief that a slight injury could be a problem,” said Dr. Michael Lipton, an expert of neuroradiology (神经放射学) in New York City.

Lipton and his team interviewed 37 adult soccer players from New York City and took high-tech scans (扫描) to     3     (检查) their brains. They also asked the players how often they played soccer and how often they headed the ball, and they gave the players some neurocognitive tests.

The     4     (结果) was that the researchers found no link between small amounts of heading and players’ attention, ability to control their       5     (速度) when they move, or ability to manage complex thinking tasks. However, Lipton warned players not to ignore the possible risks of heading the ball too many times. Players could safely head the ball 885 to 1,550 times a year. It took almost 1,800 times a year for players to have trouble with their memory.

Bing Dwen Dwen, the mascot (吉祥物) of the Beijing Winter Olympics, is a cute panda whose     1     (外形) is full-body “shell” made out of ice. It has     2     (使留下深刻印象) people with its wonderfully     3     (生动的) appearance and become popular in China.

Have you ever wondered why it is called Bing Dwen Dwen? In Mandarin (普通话) bing has several meanings, though the most common is “ice”. The character also symbolizes purity (纯洁) and strength, while dwen dwen means “strong and lively”.

Do you know why the mascot wasn’t named Bing Dundun in English? To read Bing Dundun correctly, you would have to be familiar with the pinyin system, which is       4     (难懂的) for foreigners, or the resulting pronunciation would be       5     (与……大不相同) the Chinese pronunciation. Moreover, “dun” is a word in English meaning “to ask someone to pay what they owe you again and again”. It also means “a dull greyish-brown color”. Both meanings don’t show goodwill. So, the Chinese Olympic Committee decided to change the name in an entirely new way.

There are some immediate advantages. The biggest is that the tone has been mixed into the spelling of each syllable (音节). The transliteration (音译) of Bing Dwen Dwen this time does work and is     6     (值得做的). It     7     (确保) foreign athletes and fans call Dwen Dwen “d-when d-when”, which is as close to the original “doon-doon” as an average English speaker can get.

The Pursuit of Happyness is a 2006 American film. It tells how an African-American single parent and his five-year-old son struggle to survive and fulfill the American dream in San Francisco. The screenplay is based on the best-selling     1     (经典作品) — the 2006 book of the same name written by Chris Gardner and Quincy Troupe.

The Pursuit of Happyness is based on the true story of Chris Gardner. In the film, Chris Gardner is trying to make a living by selling medical equipment. His wife Linda is working two jobs to help pay his    2     (债务). Their five-year-old son, Christopher, goes to a daycare center. On the outside of the building, the term “the pursuit of happiness” is misspelled. The father has a(n)     3     (观念) that little details like this make all the difference in life. The pressure is too much for Linda to handle so she decides to take a job in New York and leaves Christopher and Chris.

Chris’s persistence     4     (取得成功) when he is chosen for an internship (实习) program. The     5     (雇主) does not pay any salary and only one of the 20 interns will eventually be hired. Meanwhile, a few of his machines are stolen, and he and his son are not allowed to live in their apartment anymore. Chris makes a brave move to land a new account by visiting a CEO at home.     6     (不过), the CEO tells him that he won’t allow him to handle his account because he is so new to the business. But the CEO’s       7     (拒绝) doesn’t destroy the intern’s hope and Chris achieves his dream at last.

The film does score some emotional points in its portrait of an African-American male who turns out to be a(n)     8     (非凡的) single parent. He takes care of his son with       9     (和蔼) and love, which is     10     (值得……) respect.

Dyson has become a byword (代名词) for high-performing products, technology, design, and invention. James Dyson, the inventor and entrepreneur who made it all happen, tells his remarkable and inspirational story in Invention: A Life.

Over a four-year period, James Dyson made 5,127 prototypes of the dual cyclonic vacuum cleaner (双气旋真空吸尘器) that would transform the way houses are cleaned around the world. In d    1     all his resources to developing the technology, he risked it all, but out of many failures and       2     (巨大的) efforts came success. His products — including vacuum cleaners, hairdryers and fans — are not only revolutionary technologies, but design classics.

This was an outcome of his time studying at the Royal College of Art in the 1960s, when he was inspired by some of the most famous and     3     (influence) artists, designers, and inventors of the era.

In Invention: A Life, Dyson reveals how he came to set up his own company and led it to become one of the most     4     (杰出的) technology companies in the world. Dyson has always looked to the future, even setting up his own university to help provide the next generation of engineers and designers, for, as he says, “Everything changes all the time, so experience is of little use.”

Whether you are someone who has an idea for a better product or a(n)     5    (ambition) entrepreneur, whether you appreciate great design or just need a page-turning read, Invention: A Life offers you inspiration, hope, and much more.

Arianna Huffington has been very vocal (直言的) about the importance of sleep since accidentally overworking herself to the point of exhaustion (筋疲力尽) in 2007.

Critics might point out that she managed to establish a(n)     1     (公认的) successful media company, the Huffington Post, after years of losing sleep. But Huffington said that was not the case.

Contrary to popular belief, she told CNBC Make It that she truly became successful when she quit working round-the-clock.

“Huffington Post was only a two-year-old baby when I       2     (突然倒下),” said Huffington.

After coming to realise the importance of sleep, Huffington started to see a difference in her work       3     (方式) and that’s when her business began to grow.

“I can tell you with authority that when I’m exhausted, I’m the worst version of myself,” said the entrepreneur (企业家). “I’m more reactive. I’m less creative. And all of us can testify to that.”

“I’m not c    4     you that people can’t succeed by burning out. But they can succeed much more effectively, and much more sustainably, and with much less damage to their health and their relationships,” said Huffington.

In January, eight gorillas (大猩猩) at the San Diego Zoo Safari Park, in California, became the first great apes to test positive (阳性的) for COVID-19. “There was an immediate concern,” said Nadine Lamberski, the chief     1     (保护) and wildlife health officer at the San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance. “We want to     2     (尽我们的职责) and take all measures to make sure that won’t happen again.”

So Lamberski made a decision. In February, she gave nine other great apes an experimental COVID-19 vaccine. Those nine became the first zoo animals in the United States to get the vaccine. Since then, the vaccine has been shipped out to zoo animals in 27 states. Lamberski got the COVID-19 vaccine from Zoetis, a company that makes medications for animals. Now the company reports that its vaccine is safe for other animals, too. It’s     3     (incredible) wonderful news for animals and those who care about them.

So far, Zoetis has donated its vaccine to nearly 70 zoos in the U.S. According to Lamberski, zoos are requesting the vaccine because their animals     4     (受到……的威胁) getting the virus from visitors and caretakers. “Animals in zoos are exposed to hundreds, if not thousands, of people a day,” Lamberski said.