1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The butterfly effect is a common idea in science fiction today. But its roots are in real science.

In 1972, a meteorologist (气象学家)     1     (name) Edward Lorenz asked an important question: “Does the flap (拍打) of a butterfly’s wings in Brazil start a tornado in Texas?”,     2     was later thought as a metaphor (暗喻). It explained how small changes and actions can lead     3     unpredictable results.

Many people now use it     4     (explain) how a small action can start a chain of big events, and how those events can result in     5     (large) results. For example, imagine you’ve travelled millions of years into the past. You are walking through a damp jungle, hiding from a dinosaur. A mosquito     6     (land) on your arm. You kill the bug, and think it nothing. But     7     (kill) that mosquito could have had major impacts on mosquito evolution, probably causing them to be extinct forever. How would that affect all other life on     8     planet? It’s unpredictable.

Of course you don’t have to use time travel to see the butterfly effect. Just think     9     (serious) and carefully about the small actions you might take in your everyday life.

What about recycling a plastic bottle? Or planting a tree? You may not be able to predict the effect these small actions can have. A small change today can have an unpredictable     10     (consequent) for the future.

2 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。

I’m Lisa Osborne and I graduated     1     high school last June. Now, I’ll share my advice on high school with you .

       Orientation Day was    2     (actual) helpful. It’s a fantastic opportunity for new students     3     (get) to know the school and the other students. I even made some new friends ! Just keep     4     open mind and take part in     5     much as possible .
       I had a chemistry test right at the end of the first week . I was     6     (frighten) at the sight of the test paper. But then I     7     (figure) I’d better just go all out and see what happens. If you fail , no problem--- next time you can fail better !

As a member of the school volleyball team , I wasn’t selected for the end - of - year competition . At first I was very sad ,     8    I kept working hard to support my teammates during our training . There is always a way to be part of something you love , isn’t there ?

           9     (look) back on my high school life, I’d like to share these wonderful words from the writer Maya Angelou. She once said , “Be a rainbow in somebody else’s cloud .” So give your friends a hand when they need     10    . And this will also make you feel good .

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Woodblock printing is an ancient printing technology with a significant impact     1     human civilization. It originated in ancient China. The earliest woodblock printing     2     (invent) during the Tang Dynasty. The process involved carving words, designs or images onto wooden blocks, applying ink and transferring the ink onto paper through pressure.

Creating woodblocks demands patience and skill     3     (ensure) clear and accurate characters for high-quality prints. Through continuous refinement and practice, woodblock printing became widely used and developed in China and neighboring regions. This technology     4     (gradual) spread to other countries.

Woodblock printing is of     5     (significant). Firstly, it facilitated the spread and preservation of written works,     6     (enable) the dissemination (传播) of knowledge on a broader scale. Secondly, it promoted the exchange of diverse cultures and     7     (idea), driving the progress of human civilization. Lastly, woodblock printing,     8     development provided valuable insight for innovations like movable type printing and lithography, served as a foundation for the following printing technology.

Although we     9     (enter) the digital age, woodblock printing remains a crucial milestone in the printing technology. Its historical importance in disseminating knowledge     10     its role in advancing the printing technology are worthy of recognition and appreciation. Woodblock printing stands as a testament to human ingenuity and it has enduring influence on the development of civilization.

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Mentioning Sydney, Australia, most people think of the Sydney Opera House.     1     (shape) like huge shells or rising sails, this famous building on Sydney’s Bennelong Point graces the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites and is one of the world’s great architectural     2     (representative). The location is amazing. Water surrounds the structure on three sides, and the Royal Botanic Garden border it to the southeast. Danish architect, Jørn Utzon won an international competition     3     its design, but withdrew from the project after     4     (technique) and financing problems. Finally, its construction     5     (complete) in 1973 at a cost 14 times the original budget. By this time, Utzon had left the country, never returning to see his impressive creation.     6     (current), visitors can enjoy a performance in the Sydney Opera House, dine at one of the restaurants, or see the highlights of the Sydney Opera House on a guided tour. The structure includes theaters, studios, a concert hall, exhibition rooms     7     a cinema. Touring the Sydney Opera House is rewarding, but its     8     (astonish)architecture is perhaps best appreciated from a distance. One of the best sites to photograph this top Sydney tourist     9     (attract) is Mrs Macquarie’s Chair in the Royal Botanic Garden, or visitors can catch the ferry (渡船) to take     10     photo from the water as they sail past.

5 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Archaeologists unearthed a relics site     1    (date) back to the late period of the Xia Dynasty in north China’s Shanxi Province, according to the Shanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology.     2    (locate) along the lower reaches of the Fenhe River, the site in Jishan County of Yuncheng City covers     3     areas of about 100,000 to 150,000 square meters.

Authorities worked     4    (dig) at the site in both 202l and 2022. From April to August in 2021, archaeologists     5    (lucky) discovered two pottery kilns (陶瓷窑) and many pits (填). From October to November in 2022, the staff found a large pit and a kiln in the west of the pit. The pit has a     6    (long) of about 23.5 meters from east to west, a width of about 7 meters from north to south, and a height of 2 to 4 meters.

Cui Junjun, one of the     7    (leader) of the archaeological project, said that the unearthed relics included china, stone and bone tools, etc. In addition     8     artificial products, a lot of animal and plant remains     9    (discover), and 250,000 carbonized plant seeds, most of     10     were millet (系类) seeds, were also found in a special way.

6 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于三个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Interviewer: Dou you have     1     television in your home?
Boy: Sure! We’ve got two, one in the     2     (sit) room and a small one in the kitchen. We always watch news programmes in the morning in the kitchen     3     we eat our breakfast.
Interviewer: Really? How often do you watch it?
Boy: Watch the box? I watch it every night for about two hours. And sometimes, when my parents are out, I watch it nonstop all evening, I’m afraid     4     (say). I love it, and it’s the way I relax. My mum says I watch too much, but I     5     (agree). I think you can learn a lot from television.
Interviewer: Do you watch a lot of films on television?
Boy: I watch films all the time at the weekend.
Interviewer: I see! How     6     do you change channels in an evening?
Boy: Quite frequently (频繁的). If we are all watching, we often debate     7     which programme we want to watch. My parents like serious programmes (节目) like the news, but I prefer     8     (watch) comedy (喜剧) programmes.
Interviewer: Do you enjoy advertisements?
Boy: Yes, I do. I think     9     can be very interesting. I     10     (see) an excellent one yesterday.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Xiechi Lake, also known as Yuncheng Salt Lake in China’s Shanxi Province,     1     (become) popular on social media websites in the past few years.

Now, China wants to transform that online     2     (popular) into real-life tourism. “As the Chinese ‘Dead Sea’, floating here is     3     unforgettable experience, and one you can’t find anywhere else,” reads a tourism advertisement     4     (sponsor) by the Yuncheng Salt Lake Tourism Development Company. Yuncheng Salt Lake is a sulfate (硫酸盐) lake. “If the sulfate in your water is greater than the calcium (钙), all the calcium is used up,     5     leaves you with large amounts of sulfate and you have a sulfate lake,” explains geography professor Bernie Owen. Xiechi is also a “closed basin” lake,     6     (mean) it doesn’t flow out to a river or ocean, which explains how its salt content stays so high. It is possible for salt lakes to freeze over, although not as     7     (quick) as other lakes — after all, think about what happens when we spread salt over icy roads. Saltwater freezes at     8    (low) temperatures than fresh water.

In an effort     9     (boost) Xiechi Lake’s international profile, China is reportedly taking steps to get it recognized     10     a UNESCO World Heritage site.

8 . 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Do you know what the ballet, jeans, and eyeglasses have in common? They     1     (invent) in Italy. Now, another Italian symbol is making headlines as a possible solution to a huge     2    (environment) problem. In a time when the world searches for ways     3     (reduce) plastic waste, pasta straws might be one of the answers.

Recently, a picture     4    （show）the initiative (倡议) some bars in Italy have been taking was posted on the Internet,     5     has been spreading like crazy.

    6     (interest), there are already a couple of companies that sell pasta straws: Stroodles and The Amazing Pasta Straw. The straws are tasteless while in cold beverage, as they're just made of wheat and water. According to the Stroodles website, the straws last roughly     7     hour before softening up, after which they can be composted (制成堆肥) or even consumed.

"Stroodles is not just a straw company and there is a much     8     (big) picture, as I feel I can leave a long-term impact by creating a ripple effect (连锁反应) by triggering many small challenges all across the world, especially among people that are less conscious     9       sustainability and their respective     10     (act) and behaviors, "company founder Maxim Gelmann said.

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A group of doctors has been specially trained in skiing skills in China over the last four years in     1    (prepare) for providing medical treatment during the Beijing Winter Olympics.

In the field, if there's an accident, ski doctors have to be     2     the scene in four minutes with a 10-kilogram medical bag,     3     they have to deal with the injuries and remove injured athletes from the track in just 15 minutes.

The     4     (great) challenge for alpine skiing doctors is not only skiing skillfully on professional mountain courses with a gradient (倾斜度) of around 70 degrees, but     5     (stop) accurately on smooth courses, according to media reports.

When foreign ski doctors first came to China before     6     opening ceremony, they may have had some doubts because there were no professional ski doctors in China before that point. After communication and working together, they have seen that our professional and skiing skills are     7     (actual) very strong, Bai said.

The doctors     8     (equip) with 5G walkie-talkies as well as large medical bags filled with medical essentials. “If the injured remain conscious, we communicate with     9     in English. We had a lot of English lessons during our training,” said Li Qiyi, a 49-year-old surgeon usually     10     (station) at Xiehe Hospital.

10 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A drama series named “Medal of the Republic”    1     (lead) to enthusiastic discussion on Chinese social media over the last few months. It claimed people’s attention before it was broadcast on September 26, 2021. According to the series’ chief director Zheng Xiaolong,    2    (compare) with most drama series that tend to document the whole life of the featured individual, this series focuses specially on the individuals’ most     3     (shine) moments.

The series tells heart-warming stories about     4     first group of eight recipients（接受者）of the Medal of the Republic,    5     is the country’s highest honor. They have made great     6     (contribute) to the development of the People’s Republic of China.

Among the recipients are Tu Youyou, awarded with the 2015 Nobel Prize,    7     Yuan Longping who is known as Chinese “father of hybrid rice” and six other remarkable heroes.

“Medal of the Republic”    8    (center) on these heroes’ devotion to their careers and continuous efforts to improve Chinese people’s lives. Through the patriotism（爱国精神）and     9     (they) never-give-up spirit displayed by the honorees, the series hopes to inspire the younger generation     10     (dramatic) to fulfill their mission on the road to the great rejuvenation（复兴）of the Chinese nation.