1 . You just heard you would have a math test on Friday--the same day as your history test. Are they crazy? How will you get all your study done? Don’t worry.
Start studying in school
Good learning methods are developed in the classroom as you take notes.
Note-taking is a way of remembering what you were taught or what read. Keep your notes organized by subject.
Plan your study time.
When you sit down to study, think about how much time you want to devote to each subject. Most people can keep focused for about 45 minutes a time.
Many teachers tell students ahead of time what format(总体安排)of an exam will be. This can help you decide how you study. For example, if you know you’ re going to have multiple-choice questions(选择题), you’ll know how to focus on studying facts and details. But if the exam contains non-multiple-choice questions, you’ll think about which topics are most likely to be covered and how you might answer questions on those topics.
Start a study group
Sometimes it can be useful to study with others. In this way you can make sure that your notes are correct and that you understand the subject.
| A．Work hard all the time. |
| B．There are some secrets to studying well. |
| C．Make sure they’re easy to read and review. |
| D．Listen to the teacher and practice carefully. |
| E．Study based on the type of test you’re taking. |
| F．After that you’ll probably want to take a short break. |
| G．It also helps because you can work together to remember points and test one another. |
2 . Would you save a woman, a child or a dog in a car crash? An experiment has investigated human morality（道德观）and ranked countries based on who they would save in the event of a certain death situation.
The findings show the value of life varies according to different countries. French people, for example, are far more likely to save women than men. Lithuania ranks in the top 10 for saving both the young and the healthy. The four characters most people saved in the experiment are a baby, a little girl, a little boy and a pregnant woman.
The experiment put forward difficult ethical（伦理的）decisions such as choosing between the lives of a family of four crossing the road and a group of old people going the other way. Quandaries（两难境地）like this will one day be faced by autonomous vehicles that will be programmed with rules that place value on human life.
Tests into the moral decisions involving almost forty million people around the world, including the English, have found that the lives of women and men are widely held in equal regard. The French however resist the trend as they think the lives of women have far more weight than those of men.
Dr Edmond Awad, of the MIT Media Lab, who is the lead author, said, “The study is basically trying to understand the kinds of moral decisions that driverless cars might have to turn to. We don't know yet how they should do that.” He added, “we find that there are three elements that people seem to approve of the most.”
“These are that humans are saved over animals, that many people are saved rather than a few, and that the young are saved rather than the old.”
Dr Awad added, “The main preferences are to some degree universally agreed upon. But the degree to which they agree with this varies among different groups or countries.”
1. According to Para. 2, which of the following is least likely to be saved in danger?| A．A little girl. | B．A little boy. |
| C．A pregnant woman. | D．An old man. |
| A．Self-driving cars will one day face the same decisions. |
| B．It's very interesting to do this kind of experiment. |
| C．The value should be placed on human life. |
| D．It's very dangerous for a family of four to cross the road. |
| A．It treats lives of women and men equally. |
| B．It thinks the lives of the young come first. |
| C．It attaches more value to women's lives. |
| D．It shows extraordinary respect for the old. |
| A．Animals are saved over humans. |
| B．The lives of many people will be considered first. |
| C．The lives of the old are above those of the young. |
| D．The three elements are equally agreed upon. |
3 . Ever since Earth formed roughly 4.5 billion years ago, its climate has gone through a number of incredible changes.
All you have to do is look at images of the Jurassic Period (侏罗纪时期) to know that at one time, much of our planet was covered in extremely hot and humid jungle. Skip ahead a couple million years and you get to an ice age event, when global temperature experienced a huge drop. While many species were not able to deal with these changing climate patterns, others successfully adapted, and some are even still with us today. Now, as humanity pushes the planet closer to another extreme climate event, scientists are eager to find out how the world's species will react. The idea was highlighted in a study published on April 6 in the journal PNAS, which showed that between 1970 and 2010, open water species such as lobsters and fish had declined by about half in tropical marine zones across the globe because over the 40-year time period, sea temperatures in those regions had risen by roughly 0. 2°C.
The lower numbers aren't a sign of all the sea creatures dying off though. In fact, the scientists found some of them outside of their traditional habitats, meaning that if a species can migrate to cooler waters and adapt in a new environment, they will.
However, those movements aren’t always a good thing; species that can' t move, such as coral, which is fixed to the seabed, rely on the fish and other sea creatures to contribute to the natural food chain and stay healthy. Additionally, when a non- native species moves into a new area, it threatens to disrupt the ecosystem that already exists there.
Depending on the species, it can take anywhere from one generation to thousands and thousands of years to properly adapt, so the changes that have occurred in just the last 40 years are very troubling for scientists. As Sebastian Ferse, an ecologist at the Leibniz Centre for Tropical Marine Research, Germany, explained, “In geological history, this has occurred in the blink of an eye. To see such changes occurring so rapidly is something quite alarming.
1. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?| A．Some species that adapted to the climate changes survived. |
| B．Most species were able to deal with the changing climate patterns. |
| C．Global temperature experienced a huge drop during Jurassic Period. |
| D．Much of our planet was covered in humid jungle during ice age event. |
| A．By changing their food chain. | B．By adjusting their own temperature. |
| C．By moving to other places and adapted. | D．By human beings' protecting. |
| A．Improve. | B．Balance. | C．Disturb. | D．Establish. |
| A．Optimistic. . | B．Negative. | C．Objective. | D．Indifferent. |
4 . The ancient Maya mastered the art of ceramic (制陶艺术) in a manner which virtually no other culture did.
The Vase of the Seven Cods, made in the area of Naranjo, an ancient city of the Maya civilization in the present-day Petén, Guatemala, shows the fine way Maya handled clay. Like all art of Maya, this vase exhibits highly religious symbols. Furthermore, the artist’s name is carved along the bottom of this piece in the form of a small white rabbit.
Ceramics also served as reminders of ancestors and gods. The Flour De Lis Vase is a fine example of this. The water lilies are not only symbols of new birth and life-giving qualities, but a constant reminder of purity. On this vase, the water lilies are white, which is undoubtedly a sign of purity. The black background shows the sea, in which the lilies float.
Furthermore, ceramics served practical functions in the Maya culture. Vases, which are quite commonly seen today, were used primarily to hold liquid chocolate and cocoa. Bowls were used to hold various maize (玉米) products. Maize was seen as the imaginary body of the Maize God and the ancient Maya thought that as one ate the maize or the body of God from the bowl, they actually became God. Plates were merely used for any object.
Finally, Maya used depictions on ceramics to resurrect (使复活) family members and honor gods. Because they believe that they would come back to life with their names spoken or their figures drawn, the carvings and paintings on these ceramics played a vital role in Maya spirituality.
Clearly, ceramics served a key function in ancient Maya society from dinner plates to acts of God.
1. What do we know from the passage?| A．The art of ceramic of the ancient Maya was instructed by Gods. |
| B．The Vase of the Seven Gods was made by the people of Guatemala. |
| C．The art of ceramic of the ancient Maya was the best in the world at that time. |
| D．Naranjo is a well-known city of Guatemala at present. |
| A．Seven Gods are carved on a vase. |
| B．A vase exhibits highly religious symbols. |
| C．The artist’s name is carved on the top of a vase. |
| D．There is a big white rabbit on a vase. |
| A．remind them of their ancestors and gods | B．hold water and grain or cook food |
| C．show the importance of new birth and life | D．express people’s pure friendship and love |
| A．honor their family members | B．be remembered by their children |
| C．draw the attention of the shoppers | D．wish they would come back to life |
