1 . What kind of amusing activities will you participate in during your life? Will you be spending your free time doing safe sports with little danger or will you always be one of the first people to try the next popular extreme activity? Scientists have been interested in finding out why some people seem to prefer dangerous activities.

Researchers have found that men often try to impress other people by proving that they are courageous and fearless, and they are more likely to take risks when people are watching them or when they are competing against other men. Research also shows that as people get older they usually behave more responsibly and try not to take unnecessary risks. In addition, when people are in stable relationships, they seem to be less attracted to daring activities.

Some people seem to be more daring than others, but there are many different types. Do they take all types of risk? Psychologists have identified a number of categories(种类) of risks. These include financial risks, risks related to health and safety, amusing risks and social risks. Psychologists discover that just if a person enjoys bungee jumping, it doesn’t mean he or she will take chances when investing money or that he or she will tell a joke to a group of strangers.

Interestingly, research shows that in most cases men are less cautious than women, but women take more social risks than men. Men are more likely to make career changes as they get older and to express unpopular opinions in business meetings.

Yet, at the end of the day, the probability of particular people taking a risk depends on what type of people they belong to. In general, optimistic people are more likely to take risks because they focus on the possible positive outcomes (结果) of their actions. On the other hand, pessimistic people are the complete opposite.

1. Why do men try to prove they are brave according to the research?

A．To attract people’s attention.

B．To take on more responsibility.

C．To make favorable impressions on people.

D．To develop stable relationships with others.

2. What have researchers discovered about women?

A．They are willing to take risks.

B．They are always changing jobs.

C．They are good at doing business.

D．They are usually more conservative (保守的) than men.

3. What mainly determine whether people take risks possibly?

A．Their personalities .	B．Their financial conditions.
C．Their social relationships.	D．Their expectations of outcomes.

5 . People predict that the number of people who can benefit from his research will come to 1, 000, 000 a year.   (同义句改写)
_________ _________ predicted that the number of people who can benefit from his research will come to 1, 000, 000 a year.

6 . Take my advice, and you will soon make great progress in your studies . (同义句改写)
_________ _________ _________, you will soon make great progress in your studies.

8 . _________ _________ _________ _________(随着……的发展) modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established.(根据汉语提示完成句子)

10 . About a month ago, I was sailing, and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind. The next morning I ________ (spot) by a ship. (所给词的适当形式填空)