参考词汇：be drowned(淹死) pass by(路过) run jump into rude behavior
bring to the shore(岸) ashamed(内疚的)at forgive(原谅) courage(勇气)
do good(做好事) do evil(做坏事)
Robert and Henry were two friends in the same class. They always played together and went home together. One day Robert and Henry were going home from school. When they turned around a corner, Robert cried out, “A fight! Let’s go and see!”
“No,” said Henry. “Let us go quietly home and not meddle in (插手) this quarrel. We have nothing to do with (与……没有关系) it and may get into trouble.
“You are a coward (胆小鬼), and afraid to go,” said Robert, and off he ran. Henry went straight home, and in the afternoon went to school as usual.
Late, Robert told all the boys that Henry was a coward, and they laughed at him. From then on, they looked down upon (瞧不起) Henry and didn’t want to play with him together.
Henry was sad but he wasn’t angry with Robert. He just ignored (不理睬) the other boys’ laughter and continued to go to school and study as well. However, Robert didn’t invite Henry to go home with him any more. He had some other boys and they also said Henry was a coward. Every day after school, they didn’t go home directly but went to the river or somewhere to play games and had a lot of fun.
A few days later, Robert was bathing with his new friends in a river, and got out of his depth (深度). He struggled, and screamed (尖叫) for help, but all in vain (徒劳). The other boys got out of the water as fast as they could, and they did not even try to help him.
Paragraph 1:Robert was fast sinking (下沉).
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:
Thus, Robert’s life was saved (救).
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2 . Plants cannot run or hide, so they need other strategies to avoid being eaten. Some curl up their leaves, others produce chemicals to make themselves taste bad if they sense animals drooling on them, chewing them up or laying eggs on them—all signals of an attack. New research now shows some flora can feel a plant-eating animal well before it launches an attack, letting a plant prepare a preemptive（先发制人的）defense that even works against other pest species.
When ecologist John Orrock of the University of Wisconsin-Madison sprayed snail slime—a liquid the animals release as they slide along—onto soil, nearby tomato plants appeared to notice. They increased their levels of an enzyme（酶）, which is known to prevent plant-eating animals. “None of the plants were ever actually attacked,” Orrock says. “We just gave them cues that suggested an attack was coming, and that was enough to cause big changes in their chemistry.”
Initially Orrock found this defense worked against snails; in the latest study, his team measured the slimy warning’s impact on another potential threat. The investigators found that hungry caterpillars（毛虫）, which usually eat tomato leaves greedily, had no appetite for them after the plants were exposed to snail slime and activated their chemical resistance. This nonspecific defense may be a strategy that benefits the plants by further improving their overall possibilities of survival, says Orrock, who reported the results with his colleagues in March in Oecologia.
The finding that a snail’s approach can cause a plant response that affects a different animal made Richard Karban curious, a plant communications expert, who was not involved in the study. “It is significant that the plants are responding before being damaged and that these cues are having such far-ranging effects, ” Karban says. The research was comprehensive, he adds, but he wonders how the tomato plants felt chemicals in snail slime that never actually touched them.
“That’s the million-dollar question,” Orrock says. He hopes future research will make out the mechanisms that enable plants to sense these relatively distant cues.
1. John Orrock sprayed a liquid onto soil near tomato plants to ________.| A．make them grow better |
| B．give them a warning |
| C．keep plant-eating animals away |
| D．inform plant-eating animals of danger |
| A．To introduce another animal. |
| B．To confirm the result of the study. |
| C．To appeal to people to protect animals. |
| D．To analyze different resistance chemicals. |
| A．How tomato plants become aware of danger. |
| B．What the chemicals in the snail slime are. |
| C．Whether the research is of practical value. |
| D．What the finding of the research is. |
| A．Watchful Plants. | B．Greedy Animals. |
| C．A Snail’s Approach. | D．A Defense Attack. |
3 . For most of her life, Suanne Laqueur’s passion for storytelling was shown on the dance floor.
Although Laqueur began writing at a young age, dancing always took center stage. She majored in dance and theater at Alfred University and taught at her mother’s dance studio in Croton-on-Hudson, New York, for years. But when her mother was ready to retire and an opportunity opened for Laqueur to take over the studio, she realized she had no interest in taking on the business side of her art: “Owning a studio is a lot of work—financially, logistically. I love the teaching, the choreographing (编舞), the staging, but I didn’t want to own it.”
Yet Laqueur’s disinterest in running the studio changed when she became a self-published author. In the fall of 2013, she decided to pursue self-publishing as a way of sharing her first completed novel with friends and family. During the process, she realized that following her true passion—telling stories through writing—made the business of the art worthwhile, and owning that business meant she could direct her writing career however she chose.
Starting with her second self-published novel, she began investing more time in marketing and building her audience. Her investment paid off. Since 2014, Laqueur, now 49, has self-published six novels, which collectively have hundreds of ratings and reviews on Goodreads. Her 2016 novel An Exaltation of Larks stole the show at the 25th Annual Writer’s Digest's Self-Published Book Awards, topping more than 2,300 entries to win the grand prize.
“You have to write the most truthful story to you, and I think self-publishing allows that freedom,” she says. “If you work with traditional publishing, it’s more about what’s marketable. There are trade-offs, which everyone will tell you, but by self-publishing I have control of the book, I have control of the story, and I’m cool with that.”
1. From Paragraph 2, we can learn that Laqueur________.| A．wanted to own a publishing house | B．didn’t like teaching dancing in fact |
| C．was a part-time writer when she was young | D．was interested in running her mother’s studio |
| A．Her mother’s persuasion. | B．Self-publishing her novels. |
| C．The desire to make money. | D．Her own passion toward art. |
| A．became a failure | B．was shown to people |
| C．got people’s attention | D．was accidentally stolen |
| A．She enjoys the way of self-publishing. | B．She will never use traditional publishing. |
| C．Traditional publishing only focuses on the market. | D．Self-publishing will replace traditional publishing. |
4 . The doll on my desk was important for me. Seeing it, I couldn't help thinking of Doris. Doris was a science teacher by profession, but she was also a very creative person. All around her room were dolls that she had made.
From what I gathered from talking to Doris, she'd taken a class in doll making. One day while I was in her room she took one of the dolls out of the case to show me, saying this was the first doll she had ever made. This doll was very unusual with fine artistic work. The ceramic (陶瓷的) skirt was made of delicate ruffles (褶裥饰边). I was amazed that anyone could do such unique work.
As Doris was holding the doll very carefully she turned the doll in such a way that I could see a slight break in one of the ruffles on the skirt. Then she said, “Would you like me to tell you about this？” Of course, I was curious to know what happened.
Doris said that on the way to class she bumped the side of the skirt. She said she was upset and almost didn't go to class at all. When it was her turn to show the doll to the teacher, she had to point out the break in the skirt. Doris felt for sure that the doll would be rejected (拒绝) because of it. Much to her surprise, the teacher told her she was just going to ignore this break and grade the doll on the other good qualities it had.
Doris said the attitude from the teacher changed her life. If that teacher hadn't forgiven that small mistake, she would never have made the rest of the dolls.
This teacher could have made Doris feel ashamed by her mistake. But because of her willingness to ignore the mistake, Doris was sharing her kindness to the next generation.
1. Why was the doll on the desk was important for the author？| A．It filled the author with kindness. |
| B．It reminded the author of Doris. |
| C．It conveyed what happened to Doris. |
| D．It was made by the author and his teacher. |
| A．By communicating with Doris. |
| B．By examining the artistic work. |
| C．By reading the sign on the doll. |
| D．By taking a class in doll making. |
| A．She was kind. | B．She was curious. |
| C．She was honest. | D．She was clumsy. |
| A．Ignore others' shame. |
| B．Share your kindness to others. |
| C．Focus more on your own mistakes. |
| D．Hold positive attitude to others' mistakes. |
5 . The Unbelievable Survival from Bear Attacks
This past October, I took an early morning hike in the Madison Valley in southwest Montana. Knowing that bears are common throughout the area and not wanting to surprise one, I shouted out, “Hey, bear” every 30 seconds.
About three miles in, I stepped out into a meadow and shouted again. A few more steps and I spotted a brown bear with her babies on the trail at the upper end of the meadow. The sow saw me right away, and they all ran up the trail. But then she stopped, turned, and charged straight to me. I yelled so she would know I was human and hopefully turn back. No such luck. I gave her a full charge of bear spray at about 25 feet. Her momentum (冲力) carried her right through the orange cloud and onto me.
I dived face—first into the dirt and wrapped my arms around the back of my neck for protection. She was on top of me, biting my arms, shoulders, and backpack. The force of each bite was like a hammer with teeth. Over and over she bit me. After what felt like hours but was merely minutes, she disappeared, apparently satisfied that I caused no further threat.
I tried to pick myself up, but my eyes were full of blood and I couldn't see. I knew that if she came back again, I'd be dead, so I wiped the blood from one eye and looked around. No bear. I stood up and moved quickly down the trail again. Fortyfive minutes later, I got into my truck and drove 17 miles to the hospital. It took doctors eight hours to treat the wounds on my arms and shoulder. A five-inch cut along the side of my head will leave a terrible scar.
If you ever find yourself in this situation, know how to protect yourself from a brown bear.
1. Why did the writer continuously say “Hey, bear”？| A．He was looking for a brown bear. |
| B．He wanted to greet and feed a bear. |
| C．He knew the brown bear well in that area. |
| D．He didn't want to take any bear by surprise. |
| A．He stepped out into a meadow and shouted again. |
| B．He shot at her using a kind of spray to drive her off. |
| C．He yelled to tell her that he was there to protect her. |
| D．He threw some oranges towards her at about 25 feet. |
| A．After she felt safe. |
| B．When she got injured. |
| C．Until she found some food. |
| D．Once she saw the blood of the writer. |
| A．Give right first aid to ourselves. |
| B．Protect ourselves in a proper way. |
| C．Move quickly away from the scene. |
| D．Rush to the doctor as quickly as possible. |
6 . The robots are coming！
All the efforts you put into studying at university may not have been enough—because robots could be coming for your job. A new study finds that as many as 800 million workers could be replaced by robots by 2030.
The study from the McKinsey Global Institute estimates that “between 400 million and 800 million individuals could be replaced by automation (自动化) or robots and need to find new jobs by 2030 around the world”. It estimates that 30 percent of the hours people spend on working globally could have been automated by that time.
Those most affected will be people who work in “predictable environments” doing tasks such as operating machines and preparing fast food. Those who make a living collecting and processing data also face a high risk of being replaced by robots. But people who work in less predictable environments such as gardeners, plumbers, and childcare staff face a smaller risk, because their roles “are technically difficult to be automated and often command relatively lower wages, which makes automation a less attractive business proposition”.
However, it's not all doom (厄运) for the future of employment. The study notes that automation sometimes allows workers to remain employed in a different position. “Even when some tasks are automated, the employment rate in those occupations may not decline because workers may perform new tasks，” McKinsey & Company wrote in a release on its website.
It noted that China has the largest number of employees who would need to switch occupations, up to 100 million if automation was adopted rapidly, or 12 percent of the 2030 workforce. The numbers are higher in more advanced economies, with up to onethird of the 2030 workforce in America and Germany needing to switch occupations, along with nearly half of the 2030 workforce in Japan. Countries which fail to prepare workers for transition to new jobs will feel the impact of a rise in unemployment and depressed wages, according to the study.
1. Why will lots of people need to find new jobs by 2030 around the world？| A．They don't put efforts into their study at university. |
| B．The world's working population is on the steady increase. |
| C．They will be paid less with the development of technology. |
| D．Robots or automation will take the place of their positions. |
| A．Machine operation. | B．Fast food cooking. |
| C．Childcare in kindergarten. | D．Data collection. |
| A．Optimistic. |
| B．Pessimistic. |
| C．Unconcerned and indifferent. |
| D．Having no personal preference. |
| A．Education. | B．Technology. |
| C．Lifestyle. | D．Business. |
The person I admire most is my father. Strict while he may be，he never fails to show his care and consideration. Once I carelessly broke a neighbor’s window while played football in the street. Seen nobody around, I ran away immediately. When Dad comes home, he noticed my uneasiness and asked me that had happened. I could only tell him the truth. Rather than scold me，he praised me for my honest and encouraged me to apologize to our neighbor. Later that day, I went to the neighbor’s house. I told him the truth and apologized to my fault, promising fix his window. I realized that not only do Dad take care of our health but he also teaches us how to be good citizen.
The origin of tea is lost among history and tales.
The ancient Chinese medical book called Shennong Bencaojing states that “Tea tastes bitter. Drink it,
Last week I took the bus back to Jinan from Qingdao. I
I think we have to learn from him and serve our clients much
1. It was just then when I began to worry about my safety
2. In a word, success is important, and so does failure, because it's the mother of success.
3. My dear friends, don't afraid of problems, but take advantage of them to be the best of ourselves.
4. There has a big library in our school.
5. That's all. Thank you. Some questions？
