文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国法院系统的目的，即在保障公民权利的同时，要求法院在证明被告人有罪前假定其无罪。文中详细说明了逮捕、审判和听证会的程序，包括警方的逮捕条件、法官的拘留决定、嫌疑人的保释要求以及听证会和审判中的证据呈现和判决过程。整体上，文章旨在说明美国法院如何确保公正审判的进行。
1 . The Justice of the Court
The purpose of the American court system is to protect the rights of the people. According to American law, if someone _________ a crime, he or she is considered _________ until the court proves that the person is guilty. _________, it is the responsibility of the court to prove that a person is guilty. It is not the _________ of the person to prove that he or she is innocent.
In order to arrest a person, the police _________ be reasonably sure that a crime has been committed. The police must give the suspect the reasons why they are arresting him and tell him his rights under the law. Then the police take the suspect to the police station to “book” him. “Booking” means that the name of the person and the charges against him are _________ listed at the police station.
The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge. The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or _________. If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court rather than run away — for example, because he owns a house and has a family — he can go free. Otherwise, the suspect must _________ bail (保释金). At this time, too, the judge will appoint a court lawyer to defend the suspect if he can’t afford one.
The suspect returns to court a week or two later. A lawyer from the district lawyer’s office presents a case against the suspect. This is called a(n) _________. The attorney (律师) may present __________ as well as witnesses. The judge at the hearing then decides whether there is enough reason to hold a trial. If the judge decides that there is __________ evidence to __________ a trial, he or she sets a date for the suspect to appear in court to formally admit guilty or not guilty.
At the trial, a jury of 12 people listens to the evidence from both lawyers and hears the testimony of the witnesses. Then the jury goes into a private room to consider the evidence and decide whether the defendant is guilty of the crime. If the jury decides that the defendant is innocent, he goes free. __________, if he is guilty, the judge sets a date for the defendant to appear in court again for __________. At this time, the judge tells the convicted person what his punishment will be. The judge may send him to prison, order him to pay a fine, or place him on probation (缓刑).
The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly. However, every step is designed to protect the rights of the people. These __________ rights are the basis, or foundation, of the American government.
1. | A．is guilty of | B．is responsible for | C．is accused of | D．is ashamed of |
2. | A．unpleasant | B．inexperienced | C．paralleled | D．innocent |
3. | A．On the contrary | B．As a result | C．In addition | D．In other words |
4. | A．responsibility | B．convincing | C．humanity | D．initiative |
5. | A．are obliged to | B．might as well | C．are entitled to | D．are qualified to |
6. | A．reasonably | B．formally | C．readily | D．occasionally |
7. | A．locked up | B．set free | C．concerned about | D．cared for |
8. | A．put up | B．put forward | C．put on | D．put through |
9. | A．process | B．decision | C．opportunity | D．hearing |
10. | A．victims | B．claims | C．evidence | D．information |
11. | A．sufficient | B．fantastic | C．demanding | D．economic |
12. | A．call on | B．call at | C．call up | D．call for |
13. | A．Besides | B．However | C．Therefore | D．Consequently |
14. | A．booking | B．sentencing | C．punishing | D．releasing |
15. | A．common | B．substantial | C．individual | D．popular |
