Chinese characters evolved(演变) from pictures and signs, and the art of calligraphy developed naturally from this special writing system of Chinese characters. By     1     (use) a brush to write Chinese characters, calligraphers can express their thoughts, feelings, and     2     (personality) in a point or a line, so Chinese calligraphy is also called the art of lines. The Chinese saying “The handwriting reveals (透露) the writer” is related to calligraphy. It means people are     3     (typical) judged by their handwriting. The written characters show the calligrapher’s way     4     (understand) life.

Practicing calligraphy helps     5     individual to achieve     6     (relax) and inner peace. In the past, children     7     (train) at an early age to practice writing. Great attention is paid to calligraphy today thanks       8     exhibitions and competitions among both the young and the old from many walks of life. To learn calligraphy, one will need a brush, ink, paper, and ink stone,     9     are commonly referred to as the Four Treasures of Study. As Chinese culture spreads throughout the world nowadays, calligraphy is becoming     10     (popular) than ever before.

What is language for? Some people seem to think it's for practicing grammar rules and learning lists of words—the longer the list, the     1     (good). That's wrong. Language is for the exchange of ideas and information. It's     2     (meaning)knowing all about a language if you can't use it     3     (free). Many students I have met know hundreds of grammar rules, but they     4     (can)speak correctly or fluently. They are afraid of making mistakes. One shouldn't be afraid of making mistakes when     5     (speak) a foreign language. Native speakers make mistakes and break rules, too. Bernard once     6     (write), "Foreigners often speak English too correctly. "But the mistakes that native speakers make are different     7     those that Chinese students make. They're English mistakes in the English language.

And if enough native speakers break a rule, it is no longer a rule.     8     used to be wrong becomes right. People not only make history, they make language. But a people can only make its own language. It can't make another people's language. So Chinese students of English should pay attention to grammar,     9     they shouldn't overdo it. They should put     10     (communicate) first.

Body language is used by people for sending messages to one another,     1     can help you make yourself easily     2     (understand). When you are talking with others, you are not just using words, but also using     3     (gesture). For example, waving one’s hand     4     (be) to say “Goodbye”. Nodding the head means agreement, but shaking the head means disagreement.

Different countries use body language     5     (different). For example, men in Russia, France and Arab countries kiss each other when they meet, but men in China or Australia shake hands instead     6     kissing. If you touch an English person, you should say “Sorry”. People in Arab countries like standing close to one another when they are talking, but English people must keep     7     distance away when they are talking. In some Asian countries, you must not touch the head of another person.

When you use a foreign language, it is very important     8     (know) the meanings of body language in the foreign country.     9     (follow) the customs will help you communicate with people and make your stay there much more pleasant and     10     (comfort).

People    1    (live) in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred languages in     2    world.Each contains many thousands of words. A very large dictionary, for example, contains four to five hundred thousand words,    3    we do not need all these. To read short    4    (story) you need to know only about two thousand words. Before you leave school, you will learn only one thousand or more.

The words you know    5    (call) your vocabulary. You should try to make your vocabulary     6    (big) than before. Read as many books     7     you can. There are a lot of books     8    (write) in easy English. You will enjoy them. When you meet a new word, refer    9    it your dictionary.

Your dictionary is your most    10     (use) book.

People from UK play an important role in spreading       1    English language. At present, English     2    (speak) as an official language in many countries, such as America, Singapore, Malayia and some African countries. All    3    (base) on British English, the English spoken in these countries can be well understood by native English speakers. But     4    (actual), these Englishes have been gradually changing in accents, spellings, expressions     5     the usage of vocabulary.

Because of this fact, you can make full use     6     the differences to tell     7     country the foreigners of your block are from. For example, if a boss fluently commands his driver, “Come up straight to my apartment     8     elevator and take some gas for my trucks and cabs ”，instead of requesting , “Please come to my flat by lift and take some petrol for my    9    (lorry) and taxis”, you can recognize    10    （he）American identify,   while the latter suggests that he is a British.

10 . What is standard English? Is it spoken in Britain, the US, Canada, Australia, India and New Zealand? Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. Many people believe the English spoken on TV     1     the radio is standard English. This is because in the early days of radio, those who     2    (report) the news were expected to speak excellent English. However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.

When people use words and     3    (expression) different from the “standard language”, it is     4    (call) a dialect. American English    5    (have) many dialects, especially the Midwestern, southern, African American and Spanish dialects. Even in some parts    6     the USA, two people from neighboring towns speak a little     7    (different). American English has so many dialects because people have come from all over the world. Geography also plays a part in     8     (make) dialects. Some people     9    live in the mountains of the eastern USA speak with an older kind of English dialect. When Americans moved from one place to another, they took their dialects with     10    (they).