1 . Traditionally, people have been forced to reduce complex choices to a small handful of options that don’t do justice to their true desires. For example, in a restaurant, the limitations of the kitchen, the way supplies have to be ordered and the realities of restaurant cooking make you get a menu of a few dozen standardized options, with the possibility of some modifications (修改) around the edges. We are so used to these bottlenecks that we don’t even notice them. And when we do, we tend to assume they are the unavoidable cost of scale (规模) and efficiency. And they are. Or, at least, they were.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to overcome this limitation. By storing rich representations of people’s preferences and histories on the demand side, along with equally rich representations of capabilities, costs and creative possibilities on the supply side, AI systems enable complex customization at large scale and low cost. Imagine walking into a restaurant and knowing that the kitchen has already started working on a meal optimized (优化) for your tastes, or being presented with a personalized list of choices.

There have been some early attempts at this. People have used ChatGPT to design meals based on dietary restrictions and what they have in the fridge. It’s still early days for these technologies, but once they get working, the possibilities are nearly endless.

Recommendation systems for digital media have reduced their reliance on traditional intermediaries. Radio stations are like menu items: Regardless of how nuanced (微妙) your taste in music is, you have to pick from a handful of options. Early digital platforms were only a little better: “This person likes jazz, so we’ll suggest more Jazz.” Today’s streaming platforms use listener histories and a broad set of characters describing each track to provide each user with personalized music recommendations.

A world without artificial bottlenecks comes with risks — loss of jobs in the bottlenecks, for example — but italso has the potential to free people from the straightjackets that have long limited large-scale human decision-’making. In some cases — restaurants, for example — the effect on most people might be minor. But in others, likepolitics and hiring, the effects could be great.

1. What does the underlined word “bottlenecks” in paragraph 1 refer to?

A．Facing too many choices.	B．Choosing from limited options.
C．Avoiding the cost of choosing.	D．Having too many desires to satisfy.

2. How can AI meet everyone’s needs?

A．By meeting both ends of supply and demand.

B．By decreasing representations on the supply side.

C．By disconnecting the sides of supply and demand.

D．By reducing people’s preferences on the demand side.

3. What’s the similarity between radio stations and menu items?

A．They are a necessary part in people’s life.	B．They offer limited choices.
C．They depend on digital platforms.	D．They provide reasonable suggestions.

4. What does the text mainly talk about?

A．The variety of human’s choices.	B．Standardized optrarts in daily life.
C．AI settlements to the option bottlenecks.	D．Recommendation systems for digital media.

2 . “The majority of decisions we make do not come from the conscious (有意识的) mind, but the subconscious mind,” Beni Gradwohl, the co-founder of Cognovi Labs, said. “Our decisions are based on emotions. People think they are very rational (理智的). But they are not. In fact, decisions in the subconscious mind are made in a second before the rational mind recognizes that.”

Gradwohl used to think that cold and hard data defined the world. But when he was exposed to behavioral economics, his world view changed. He said, “Emotional intelligence is more important than intelligence quotient (IQ). Most successful leaders in the world don’t have above-average IQ but above average emotional quotient (EQ).”

Gradwohl co-founded AI company, Cognovi Labs, to better understand how people make decisions, using data and science and technology to measure underlying emotions.

When asked how event organizers could benefit from using emotional AI, Gradwohl said, “The first thing is whether you really understand what’s driving your target audience to an event.” He added, “You can ask them, but what potential registrants tell you may be incorrect.”

According to Gradwohl, registering for an event is not an entirely rational decision, and it goes deeper. Understanding how your target audience makes decisions is important because you don’t want to sell them something they don’t care about. Cognovi Labs’ AI can uncover the underlying emotional drivers or blockers of your target audience’s decision-making.

Beyond using Cognovi Labs’ AI in the marketing leading up to an event, once the event is underway, Gradwohl thinks organizers can know how their participants are feeling via the AI. That involves using feedback (反馈) surveys. He said, “Have attendees talk to the event app and then transcribe that. We call that diagnostic (诊断的) interview because they may generate a strong emotional response. With those conversations about what they are experiencing throughout the program at different times of the day, we will see what the emotional blockers and drivers are. We can get a full picture of the emotional aspects of the attendees.”

1. What may Cognovi Labs mainly focus on?

A．Researching people’s potential emotions.	B．Helping people make rational decisions.
C．Training people to develop conscious minds.	D．Leading people to study science and technology.

2. What can we learn from paragraph 5?

A．Registering for an event is important.	B．Believing target audience is necessary.
C．Cognovi Labs’ AI helps event organizers.	D．Cognovi Labs’ AI benefits lots of drivers.

3. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?

A．Cognovi Labs’ AI’s feedback surveys.	B．Cognovi Labs’ AI’s additional function.
C．The ways to organize a marketing event.	D．The attendees’ strong emotional response.

4. Which of the following may be the best title for the text?

A．The Founder of an Emotional AI	B．The Future of Behavioral Economics
C．An AI Company Improves Intelligence	D．An Emotional AI Helps Make Decisions

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Hua Zhibing announced     1     June 3 in her blog that she will study in the Department of Computer Science at Tsinghua University in the upcoming semester. Hua is China’s first virtual student     2     (power) by Wudao 2.0,     3     artificial intelligence (AI) system.

    4     really sets Hua apart from any average college student is her amazing learning     5     (able). She can learn much     6     (fast) than any average human being. “If she begins learning at the six year-old level this year, she can reach the level of a twelve year-old in one year,” said Tang Jie, the     7     (develop) of Hua Zhibing. “We aim     8     (teach) her to think and feel like a human being. Now, Hua is     9     (closely) to breaking the Turing Test in painting pictures, writing poems and answering questions. We hope that she will master these basic skills first and then seek breakthroughs in     10     (reason) and feeling.”

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

On the evening of September1, 2020, “First Class for the New Term”     1     (broadcast) on CCTV-1. This year’s “First Class for the New Term” takes “strong youth, strong China” as the theme, and focuses on the three chapters of “    2     (responsible), unity and science” through many important guests including Zhong Nanshan, Zhang Boli, Zhang Dingyu, Chen Wei and Xie Jun.

The post-90s     3     the national medical team of Peking University in Hubei Province came to the stage of “First Class for the New Term”. They told their stories of fighting the COVID- 19 through pictures, and showed the responsibilities of the young generation. Young people are strong, and China is strong. They proved     4     (they) responsibility with action.

Zhang Dingyu, the president of Jinyintan hospital in Wuhan, with ALS (渐冻人症), came to the stage . He has become a hero for many people over the past months. Without time     5     (care) about his illness, he saved hundreds of COVID- 19 patients. He felt that a person’s strength is small, but the strength of unity is huge,     6     can be gathered into great energy and confidence.

Zhang Wenhong, the director of Huashan Hospital, gave     7     interesting science lesson to the students. He sent ten “children’s health treasure book” for everyone. One of the most important and     8     (close) to students is that healthy growth is more important than achievement. He also said that as long as we     9     (real) know the information of the virus well, the virus will no longer be so terrible. This is the power of science.

The stories of these     10     (speaker) were so touching that the pupils’ eyes were red. Audience also said that they cried and praised the speakers as “heroes” and “backbone (脊梁) of the nation”

5 . Don’t ask astronomers to choose between the old Hubble Space Telescope and the new James Webb Space Telescope. “Comparing Hubble and Webb is like asking if you will love your second child as much as your first one,” said Susan Mullally, a scientist at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore. They are very different but equally loved.

Webb is expected to detect light from the universe’s first stars, beyond Hubble’s range. This light will show how the original stars looked 13.7 billion years ago. Hubble has stared as far back as 13.4 billion years, discovering the oldest and farthest object ever observed. Astronomers are eager to close the 300 million year gap with Webb and draw ever closer in time to the Big Bang, the moment the universe formed 13.8 billion years ago. “It’s like looking at the picture book of our kids and missing the first two years. We are trying to figure out where they come from,” explained NASA’s chief scientist Thomas Zurbuchen.

Hubble sees what we see, with a little ultraviolet and infrared thrown in. Webb has infrared vision. That’s why Webb needs to run at -240℃. To stay cold, Webb carries a five-layer shelter to keep it from sunlight. Between each layer of the shelter, whose size is as big as a tennis court, there is a gap so heat can escape out the sides.

To detect the universe’s first and darkening stars, Webb requires the largest mirror ever made for astronomy. The mirror spans more than 6.5 meters, yet is lighter than Hubble’s, which is 2.4 meters across. The mirror consists of 18 smaller pieces, each of which is the size of a coffee table and coated with very thin gold, an ideal reflector of infrared light.

Hubble circles 530 kilometers above the earth. Webb is 1.6 million kilometers away at what’s called the second Lagrange point (L2). This is where the gravitational forces of the earth and the sun balance, requiring minimal fuel for a spacecraft to stay there. Webb will constantly face the night side of Earth as the spacecraft and planet run around the sun in unison (同步).

1. What does Thomas Zurbuchen mean?

A．Webb will help scientists see the Big Bang.	B．He wants to find some of his kids’ pictures.
C．New space telescopes are better than old ones.	D．Webb might detect the light of the first stars.

2. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?

A．The distance Webb can see.	B．The type of shelters Webb has.
C．The unique mirror Webb carries.	D．The position Webb is put in.

3. Why is Webb put at the second Lagrange point?

A．It is the coldest area in the universe.	B．It is the darkest position above the earth.
C．It is the farthest place any spaceship can reach.	D．It requires the least fuel for Webb to work normally.

4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?

A．Differences Between Hubble and Webb	B．Problems With Hubble Space Telescope
C．Advantages of Infrared Space Telescopes	D．Rapid Development of Space Telescopes

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The 2022 Winter Paralympics mascot (冬残奥会吉祥物) Shuey Rhon Rhon has won global recognition since it made its first public     1     (appear). In an art studio led by Guo Chunfang among a group of artists from Jilin University of Arts in northeast China’s Jilin Province, the lovely mascot went through a designing process of 32 versions in more than 300 days.

Shuey Rhon Rhon features the shape of a traditional Chinese lantern, and symbolizes the spirit of hospitality (热情好客) and peace, as the first “Rhon” in Chinese means “to include”, and the second means “to melt, to warm”. In ancient times, lanterns     2     (use) for lighting in China. The joyful-looking mascot sends a     3     (hope) message to the world and symbolizes the fighting spirit of the disabled athletes     4     casts light on humanity. Shuey, meaning snow, suggests promising harvest seasons, while the Ruyi pattern on top     5     (carry) the meaning of happiness.

“One major task was to bring     6     unique lantern to life, as most Olympic and Paralympic mascots were based     7     animal figures, not objects.” Guo said. “It was the     8     (tough) and most confusing task in the designing process.”

The artists decided     9     (decorate) it with paper cutting of pigeons (鸽子) after experimenting with other animal figures, and then realized that the shapes of two pigeon tails could outline a famous landmark of Beijing, the Temple of Heaven, thus     10     (add) more cultural and historical characteristics of the host city to the design.

7 . 学校英文报征稿：给中国太空站（Tiangong Space Station）宇航员们的一封信。假设你是 李华，准备为学校英文报投稿， 内容包括：
1. 对他们为太空事业做出的成就感到骄傲；
2. 询问太空站上生活、工作情况；
3. 表达关心和祝愿。

注意：
1. 写作词数80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear astronauts,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours faithfully,

Li Hua

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Nowadays, Chinese people     1    （impress）by the progress of our country, which is extremely exciting. We     2    （make）great progress in science and technology in the past decades, especially the progress in space exploration. We conquered the space, and the conquest represents a visible proof of our nation’s     3    （strong）.

The advances in space technology will be     4    （benefit）to us in the long run. Thanks to communication satellites, we can see television pictures transmitted（传送）across the globe, and we can communicate with our friends and business partners     5     are far away from us. Without exploring the space, we could never figure out its mysteries（奥秘）or broaden our horizons far beyond the boundary of     6     planet Earth.

Besides, what distinguishes us from animals     7    （be）that we know we need to explore. Actually, the space technology is not only the search     8     knowledge but also a mirror of the development of our nation. We will become proud of our motherland, We will devote ourselves to     9    （develop）our country.

China is growing stronger and stronger, and it will never fall behind in the progress of science and technology. We are looking forward to new     10    （breakthrough）, and we believe they will come up in the near future.

9 . The world has spent a long time living with the pandemic. But many people have become lazy about protecting their safety. Are you spending time indoors and unmasked with trusted friends? Or eating in restaurants or making more trips to the grocery store? New types of COVID-19 mean you should try to cut back on exposure. And where you can, double down on basic safety.     1    .     .

Wear masks

The N95 mask is the gold standard. It may cost too much or be hard to find. A cloth mask does a good job of filtering particles that cause infection.     2     — two cloth layers with a filter in the middle. Double masking is the best answer when you find yourself around strangers. The KF94 mask is a good bet.

    3    

If you go to the store two or three times a week, cut back to once a week. If you have been spending 30 to 45 minutes in the grocery store, cut down your time in the store.     4    . If you are waiting in line, be mindful of staying at least six feet apart from the people ahead and behind you. Try using delivery services or curbside pickup.

Spend less time indoors with people who are not from your household. If you must spend time with others, wear your best mask. Be sure any space is well ventilated (通风)(open windows and doors). Keep the visit as short as possible.     5    

The coronavirus vaccine may or may not be the solution. As of now, you are the best answer. Take care. Do not let your guard down!

A．Wash your hands frequently

B．Spend less time with others

C．The best mask has three layers

D．Don’t stay outdoors alone for a long time

E．If the market is crowded, come back later

F．It is still best to minimize your social activities

G．Here are two important ideas about how to stay safe

10 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In recent decades, exploring Mars     1    (be) the top agenda for several countries.     2     latest news reveals an exciting fact: China's Tianwen-1 spacecraft has landed on a site on a vast plain known as Utopia Planitia,     3    (leave) a Chinese footprint on Mars for the first time.

The Chinese National Space Administration (CNSA) launched the Tianwen-1 mission to Mars in July, 2020, which carried a golf-cart-sized rover(漫游车)called Zhurong, a lander, and an orbiter to Mars in an attempt     4    (explore) it. Today, it's reported that the rover has landed on the Red Planet, which is an     5    (excite) for Chinese people. The Zhurong rover, which is named     6     an ancient fire god in Chinese mythology(神话), will begin a mission by first imaging and self-inspecting     7    (it) parts before rolling out onto the alien planet, Once deployed(部署), the rover     8    (expect) to spend around 90 days (around 93 Earth days). Going into the details, the rover packs six wheels and is     9    (rough) the size of NASA's twin Mars rovers Spirit and Opportunity. The primary mission of the Zhurong rover is to study and understand the planet's composition and looks for signs of water and ice. The rover is carrying scientific instruments     10     include two panoramic cameras, ground-penetrating radar, and a magnetic field detector, all of which will help to study the climate and weather on Mars.