1 . When AI was initially emerging, I had a fear of job losses. I was afraid that my skills and knowledge would become out of date.
But then, something
Amazed by the creativity and intelligence of ChatGPT, I realized that AI is not a threat, but a
Ultimately, I
From my learning journey, I
| A．occupied | B．crossed | C．changed | D．cleared |
| A．purposes | B．reactions | C．complaints | D．products |
| A．uncommon | B．unreasonable | C．unnecessary | D．unimaginable |
| A．means | B．measure | C．model | D．medium |
| A．stimulating | B．enhancing | C．possessing | D．enlarging |
| A．mix | B．equip | C．embrace | D．fight |
| A．related | B．similar | C．equal | D．exposed |
| A．presumed | B．discovered | C．doubted | D．admitted |
| A．ridiculous | B．separate | C．opposite | D．complex |
| A．academic | B．soft | C．digital | D．basic |
| A．appreciate | B．increase | C．calculate | D．demonstrate |
| A．add up to | B．pay attention to | C．take advantage of | D．make up for |
| A．gathered | B．required | C．acquired | D．collected |
| A．displacement | B．development | C．arrangement | D．appointment |
| A．dynamic | B．initiative | C．decisive | D．innovative |
2 . In the last few months, companies, often backed by governments, have raced to launch or begin building AIs for their native languages including Indonesian, Japanese, Chinese, Korean and multiple Indian languages. But will they ever be able to compete or offer a solid alternative to Silicon Valley’s AI bots like ChatGPT?
Machine learning engineer Yennie Jun started noticing the problem when she was testing ChatGPT-4 in different languages. “I saw that it was slower, and just not as good when using it in Korean and Chinese which usually have good quality training data to draw on,” she said.
Earlier this month Yennie decided to test GPT-4 — the latest AI model from Open AI — with some tricky maths problems. She asked the same maths questions in 16 different languages and found it much better at solving problems in certain languages like English, German and Spanish. In fact, GPT-4 was able to correctly solve the maths problems in English more than three times as often compared to other languages, such as Armenian or Farsi. It wasn’t able to solve any of the tough questions in Burmese or Amharic.
“I think the current state of AI will accelerate inequality. Emerging markets just don’t have the computing power, data sets or the AI resources to compete with the western world’s models,” said Nick Adams, founding partner at Differential Ventures.
However, one promising project launched by India’s Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology aims to improve the amount of training data in low-resourced languages by crowd sourcing. The project invites people to “make your own AI language models better by confirming data”. Participants are played audio from podcasts or shows in different Indian languages and then given digital medals in reward for translating them in their own languages. But there is a mountain to climb. Despite the huge populations of native speakers, only a few thousand people have so far got involved.
1. Why does the author ask the question in paragraph 1?| A．To present an argument. | B．To question building AIs. |
| C．To introduce the topic. | D．To showcase expectations. |
| A．Turn on. | B．Keep on. | C．Focus on. | D．Depend on. |
| A．Negative. | B．Hopeful. | C．Ambiguous. | D．Tolerant. |
| A．An AI language model. | B．An approach to training data. |
| C．A language to translate. | D．A plan launched by India. |
1. What do we know about FLVS?
| A．It is a public school. |
| B．Its teachers are virtual. |
| C．It’s USA’s largest school. |
| A．Cheap. | B．Flexible. | C．Academic. |
| A．2. | B．3. | C．4. |
| A．Prove he’s 18. | B．Pass an exam online. | C．Get parents’ permission. |
4 . Before smartphones and desktop computers existed, astronomers relied on telescopes, and in some cases, simply naked eyes for observing the night sky. With the digital revolution, tools that people use for navigation, communication and education are prime targets for astronomy apps and programs.
There are dozens of apps for astronomy, as well as apps from most of the major space missions. Each one delivers up-to-date content for people interested in various missions. Whether someone is a stargazer or simply interested in what’s going on “up there”, these digital assistants open up the cosmos (宇宙) for individual exploration. Many of the apps are free or have in-app purchases to help users customize their experience.
Mobile and desktop stargazing applications show observers the night sky at a given location on Earth. Since computers and mobiles have access to time, date, and location information, the programs and apps know where they are. Using databases of stars, planets, and deep-sky objects, plus some chart-creation code, these programs can deliver an accurate digital chart. What the user has to do is look at the chart to know what is up in the sky.
Digital star charts not only show an object’s position, but also deliver information about the object itself, and can animate the apparent motion of planets and the Sun over time. A quick search of app sites reveals a wealth of astronomy apps that work well on smartphones and tablets. There are also many programs on computers. Many of them can also be used to control a telescope, making them doubly useful for sky observers. Nearly all the apps and programs are fairly easy for beginners to learn astronomy at their own pace.
Apps such as StarMap 2 have many resources available for stargazers, even in the free edition. Customizations include adding new databases, telescope controls, and a unique series of tutorials for beginners, available to users with iOS devices. Another one, called Sky Map, is a favorite among Android users free of charge. Described as a “hand-held planetarium (天文馆) for your device”, it helps users identify stars, planets and more.
1. What can we learn from paragraph 2?| A．We should buy astronomy apps. |
| B．Many people like exploring space. |
| C．Astronauts have completed various missions. |
| D．Astronomy apps are suitable for many people. |
| A．What astronomers need to do. | B．How astronomy apps work. |
| C．The benefit of using astronomy apps. | D．The reason for designing astronomy apps. |
| A．To express new arguments. | B．To present different results. |
| C．To give relevant examples. | D．To explain common phenomena. |
| A．Astronauts have improved their equipment | B．Space exploration is of great significance |
| C．We should research astronomy apps | D．You needn’t bother to observe stars |
5 . Building artificial intelligences that sleep and dream can lead to more dependable models, according to researchers who aim to mimic (模仿) the behavior of the human brain.
Concetto Spampinato and his research members at the University of Catania, Italy, were looking for ways to avoid a phenomenon known as “disastrous forgetting”, where an AI model trained to do a new task loses the ability to carry out jobs it previously excelled at. For instance, a model trained to identify animals could learn to spot different fish species, but then might lose its ability to recognize birds. They developed a method of training AI called Wake-Sleep Consolidated Learning (WSCL), which mimics the way that our brains reorganize short-term memories of daily learning when we are asleep.
Besides the usual training for the “awake” phase, models using WSCL are programmed to have periods of “sleep”, where they analyze awake data from earlier lessons. This is similar to human spotting connections and patterns while sleeping.
WSCL also has a period of “dreaming”, which involves novel data made from combining previous concepts. This helps to integrate previous paths of digital “neurons (神经元)”, freeing up space for future concepts. It also prepares unused neurons with patterns that will help them pick up new lessons more easily.
The researchers tested three AI models using a traditional training method, followed by WSCL training. Then they compared performances for image identification. The sleep-trained models were 2 to 12 percent more likely to correctly identify the contents of an image. They also measured an increase in how much old knowledge a model uses to learn a new task.
Despite the results, Andrew Rogoyski at the University of Surrey, UK, says using the human brain as a blueprint isn’t necessarily the best way to boost AI performance. Instead, he suggests mimicking dolphins, which can “sleep” with one part of the brain while another part remains active. After all, an AI that requires hours of sleep isn’t ideal for commercial applications.
1. WSCL was developed to help improve AI’s ______.| A．reliability | B．creativity | C．security | D．popularity |
| A．Generate new data. | B．Process previous data. |
| C．Receive data for later analysis. | D．Save data for the “awake” phase. |
| A．The application of WSCL. | B．The benefits of AI research. |
| C．The findings of the research. | D．The underlying logic of WSCL. |
| A．Cautious. | B．Prejudiced. | C．Pessimistic. | D．Unconcerned. |
1. Who is Valkyrie named after?
| A．A female astronaut. | B．A movie character. | C．A figure from a mythology. |
| A．Clean solar panels. |
| B．Focus on exploration. |
| C．Check equipment outside the spacecraft. |
| A．A robotics company. | B．A human-like robot. | C．A space center. |
| A．NASA is developing software for Valkyrie. |
| B．NASA aims to put robots in space. |
| C．NASA releases a new research report. |
7 . One year ago, the Colorado State Fair made headlines for unknowingly awarding first place to an artwork created with help from artificial intelligence. Now, officials with the 151-year-old fair have revised the contest’s rules: Artists must claim whether they used A.I. to make their entries, reports the Denver Post’s John Wenzel.
The saga (事件) began last August, when game designer Jason Allen won the top spot in the fair’s digital arts competition. When he shared his victory online, he mentioned that he’d used Midjourney—an A.I. program that turns text into images—to help create his piece, titled Théâtre D’opéra Spatial.
Allen maintains he was open about using A.I. from the beginning, though judges say they didn’t know until after the fact. Either way, claim wasn’t necessary at the time, meaning Allen never broke any rules.
His victory was controversial—and now, as a result, officials have decided to tweak the submission requirements. At this year’s fair, which took place in Pueblo between August 26 and September 4, artists needed to “tell if art or artwork was created using an Artificial Intelligence Generator,” according to the 2023 requirements.
Allen wasn’t happy about the new requirement, telling the Denver Post that it was essentially a “discriminatory mark” against A.I. artworks. Despite the change, he decided to submit once again to the digital arts category.
The fair’s leaders say they plan to continue adapting as technology advances. As Scott Stoller, the fair’s general manager, tells the Denver Post, the digital arts category itself has only been around for a few decades. In the future, officials may even decide to add a separate A.I. category, depending on how popular tools like Midjourney become.
“That’s the beauty of art—that it’s always evolving,” says Stoller. “Art can be anything, and anything can be made into art.”
1. What can be learnt about Jason Allen?| A．He designed an A.I. game program. |
| B．He opposed the use of A.I. program. |
| C．He made the rules of an arts contest. |
| D．He won first place in an art competition. |
| A．Select. | B．Revise. | C．Continue. | D．Create. |
| A．Unclear. | B．Doubtful. | C．Approving. | D．Dismissive. |
| A．A.I. Artworks, Rock the World | B．A.I. Artworks, Lead the Trend |
| C．A.I. Artworks, Face New Challenages | D．A.I. Artworks, Bring New Rules |
8 . With the first lunar landings back in the 60s, it can be hard to grasp why the moon remains such a tough destination. Recently the Vulcan Centaur rocket sent the Peregrine spacecraft on the perfect flight for its landmark mission to the moon. The success prompted a “Yee-haw!” from Tory Bruno, the chief executive of a private company which built the rocket: this was the Vulcan’s first flight, a flawless launch. But it wasn’t long before the mood shifted, the company found the spacecraft was leaking fuel, without which the chances of landing softly on the moon rapidly fell to zero.
One fundamental challenge, says Jan Wörner, a former director general of the European Space Agency (Esa), is weight, as spacecraft must be lightweight for successful flights. Plus, unlike mass-produced systems, spacecraft lack standardized designs, making each mission unique. Once positioned in space, they operate independently with no opportunity for repair.
Testing, then, is critical. While rockets can be put through their paces, the options are more limited for spacecraft. Tests can check whether power, navigation, communications and instruments work, and spacecraft are shaken to ensure they can endure the intense vibrations of launch, but there is no good way to simulate (模拟) a moon landing. “It is much harder to qualify a lunar lander than many other space systems,” says Dettmann, Esa’s lunar exploration group leader.
Despite its 70 years of institutional knowledge and culture geared towards designing, building and testing spacecraft, NASA, however, is looking to cut down on costs and stimulate the US space industry by paying private companies, such as Astrobotic and the Houston-based Intuitive Machines, to deliver its instruments to the moon.
The compromise is a greater risk of failure. “These companies are all relatively new. And compared to NASA, they are doing these missions on pocket change,” says Dr Joshua Rasera. a research associate at Imperial College London. But the strategy should pay off, he says, because companies learn from their failures. “It still ends up being cheaper over the total number of missions,” he says, “even if the first few maybe crash.”
1. What prompted a positive reaction from Tory Bruno after the Vulcan Centaur rocket’s launch?| A．Its flawless landing. | B．Its successful navigation. |
| C．Its first flight achievement. | D．Its perfect fuel consumption. |
| A．Lack of testing options. | B．Difficulty in spacecraft design. |
| C．Limited institutional knowledge. | D．Intense vibrations during launch. |
| A．Dismissive. | B．Unclear. | C．Critical. | D．Approving. |
| A．The Moon: Why a Tough Destination. | B．Private Companies: Lessons to Learn. |
| C．Moon Mission: To Leave or to Continue. | D．Vulcan’s First Flight: A Flawless Launch. |
9 . “Mom?” echoed my daughter’s voice on my phone. “I’ve messed up.” My heart sank and I started trembling. I heard a man instructing her to lie down and my 15-year-old daughter, Briana, was at a skiing competition with my husband two hours away, and I was in my car, picking up her sister Aubrey, who is 13, from dance class. Over the phone, I heard Briana crying and shouting, “Help me!’ My blood ran ice cold and my legs turned to jelly.
“You need to pay $1m if you want to see her again,” the man threatened. I didn’t have that kind of money, so agreed to give him $50,000. No part of me questioned whether this was actually real — every instinct within me was screaming out to do anything to save my daughter’s life.
Coming out of class to hear what the emergency was about, Aubrey was thrown into a panic too. One of the mothers who had been calling 911 suspected it was an AI scam which used voice clones generated by artificial intelligence, one of the latest techniques used by criminals hoping to swindle people out of money.
But I just couldn’t accept it. I wouldn’t have mistaken about my daughter’s voice. Eventually, my husband confirmed Briana’s safety, to my relief. But I was devastated to hear that the police only considered this a fake call, and wouldn’t investigate it because no one had been hurt and no money had been taken. They said there had been many reports of them recently…
Reuniting with the family, we held together, grateful for our safety. It’s said that all you need is three seconds of audio to copy a person’s voice. I’m nervous about how new technology like AI can be used to harm children. Having seen first-hand how scary these things can be, I am determined to protect my family and others from similar threats in the future.
1. What did the mother feel when she received the call?| A．Frightened. | B．Relieved. | C．Frustrated. | D．Annoyed. |
| A．It threatened the daughters’ life. |
| B．It was confirmed by the husband. |
| C．There are many successful reports of them recently. |
| D．There was a lack of evidence for the police to take action. |
| A．Embrace AI without caution. | B．Mind the future harm of AI. |
| C．Rely more on AI for safety measures. | D．Question the role of AI in the incident. |
| A．Middle school students who like streaming videos. |
| B．Grandparents who like watching soap operas on TV. |
| C．Parents who share videos of their children on Tiktok. |
| D．Young people who are addicted to online video games. |
10 . “The majority of decisions we make do not come from the conscious (有意识的) mind, but the subconscious mind,” Beni Gradwohl, the co-founder of Cognovi Labs, said. “Our decisions are based on emotions. People think they are very rational (理智的). But they are not. In fact, decisions in the subconscious mind are made in a second before the rational mind recognizes that.”
Gradwohl used to think that cold and hard data defined the world. But when he was exposed to behavioral economics, his world view changed. He said, “Emotional intelligence is more important than intelligence quotient (IQ). Most successful leaders in the world don’t have above-average IQ but above average emotional quotient (EQ).”
Gradwohl co-founded AI company, Cognovi Labs, to better understand how people make decisions, using data and science and technology to measure underlying emotions.
When asked how event organizers could benefit from using emotional AI, Gradwohl said, “The first thing is whether you really understand what’s driving your target audience to an event.” He added, “You can ask them, but what potential registrants tell you may be incorrect.”
According to Gradwohl, registering for an event is not an entirely rational decision, and it goes deeper. Understanding how your target audience makes decisions is important because you don’t want to sell them something they don’t care about. Cognovi Labs’ AI can uncover the underlying emotional drivers or blockers of your target audience’s decision-making.
Beyond using Cognovi Labs’ AI in the marketing leading up to an event, once the event is underway, Gradwohl thinks organizers can know how their participants are feeling via the AI. That involves using feedback (反馈) surveys. He said, “Have attendees talk to the event app and then transcribe that. We call that diagnostic (诊断的) interview because they may generate a strong emotional response. With those conversations about what they are experiencing throughout the program at different times of the day, we will see what the emotional blockers and drivers are. We can get a full picture of the emotional aspects of the attendees.”
1. What may Cognovi Labs mainly focus on?| A．Researching people’s potential emotions. | B．Helping people make rational decisions. |
| C．Training people to develop conscious minds. | D．Leading people to study science and technology. |
| A．Registering for an event is important. | B．Believing target audience is necessary. |
| C．Cognovi Labs’ AI helps event organizers. | D．Cognovi Labs’ AI benefits lots of drivers. |
| A．Cognovi Labs’ AI’s feedback surveys. | B．Cognovi Labs’ AI’s additional function. |
| C．The ways to organize a marketing event. | D．The attendees’ strong emotional response. |
| A．The Founder of an Emotional AI | B．The Future of Behavioral Economics |
| C．An AI Company Improves Intelligence | D．An Emotional AI Helps Make Decisions |
