It’s the Saturday, 1:00 am, and Stormy, my dog, and I were going on a pre-dawn bird-watching adventure. The weatherman predicted fog, but as we hit the road, it’s clear. Along our journey, I stopped at a petrol station, ensuring Stormy was safely locked in the truck.
“Stormy, hang tight,” I whispered, stepping out into the night air.
Back on the highway, as we were near the marshlands, a heavy fog began to swallow everything. At a sharp bend, my truck hit soft ground, and I lost control. “Oh, no!” Panic set in as the vehicle slid off the road with a bang, falling down a steep bank and into the water.
In the strange silence that followed, I was floating inside the car, gently carried downstream by the canal. “Come on, door,” I said, switching uselessly at the handle. It won’t move; the electrical system had shorted out due to the water. “I’ve got a glass breaker,” I reminded myself, reaching for the tool in the center part.
With each failed attempt to break the window — the glass bouncing back at me — I felt a growing sense of urgency. Water moved over the floorboards, cooling my feet. “Stormy, stay calm,” I said, lying down to kick at the window with all my strength. But my efforts only met resistance.
As the water level rose threateningly close to the ceiling, fear clawed at my heart. In a last effort, I dived behind the seat for my toolbox. “Got to find something solid.” My hands brushed against the cold metal toolbox, then the fire extinguisher (灭火器). “This might work.”
“Here goes everything,” I thought, holding the extinguisher and hitting it against the window. The impact resounded through the car, but the glass holds firm. “Not yet,” I begged under my breath, as the extinguisher bounced harmlessly away.
The water kept rising, and so did my fear. A voice inside me screamed to give up, but another thought pierced through — Stormy. “For Stormy, I can’t quit.” Just then, I sensed a pause in the water’s rise.
An unspoken sound said, “You have more time. What will you do?”
注意:1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“I’ll fight harder,” I promised aloud.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Exhausted, we caught the now flooded vehicle, waiting for daylight.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2 . In our information-driven society, shaping our worldview through the media is similar to forming an opinion about someone solely based on a picture of their foot. While the media might not deliberately deceive us, it often fails to provide a comprehensive view of reality.
Consequently, the question arises: Where, then, shall we get our information from if not from the media? Who can we trust? How about experts- people who devote their working lives to understanding their chosen slice of the world? However, even experts can fall prey to the allure of oversimplification, leading to the “single perspective instinct” that hampers (阻碍) our ability to grasp the intricacies (错综复杂) of the world.
Simple ideas can be appealing because they offer a sense of understanding and certainty. And it is easy to take off down a slippery slope, from one attention-grabbing simple idea to a feeling that this idea beautifully explains, or is the beautiful solution for, lots of other things. The world becomes simple that way.
Yet, when we embrace a singular cause or solution for all problems, we risk oversimplifying complex issues. For instance, championing the concept of equality may lead us to view all problems through the lens of inequality and see resource distribution as the sole panacea. However, such rigidity prevents us from seeing the multidimensional nature of challenges and hinders true comprehension of reality. This “single perspective instinct” ultimately clouds our judgment and restricts our capacity to tackle complex issues effectively. Being always in favor of or always against any particular idea makes you blind to information that doesn’t fit your perspective. This is usually a bad approach if you would like to understand reality.
Instead, constantly test your favorite ideas for weaknesses. Be humble about the extent of your expertise. Be curious about new information that doesn’t fit, and information from other fields. And rather than talking only to people who agree with you, or collecting examples that fit your ideas, consult people who contradict you, disagree with you, and put forward different ideas as a great resource for understanding the world. If this means you don’t have time to form so may opinions, so what?
Wouldn’t you rather have few opinions that are right than many that are wrong?
1. What does the underlined word “allure” in Para.2 probably mean?A.Temptation. | B.Tradition. | C.Convenience. | D.Consequence. |
A.They meet people’s demand for high efficiency. |
B.They generate a sense of complete understanding. |
C.They are raised and supported by multiple experts. |
D.They reflect the opinions of like-minded individuals. |
A.Simplifying matters releases energy for human brains. |
B.Constant tests on our ideas help make up for our weakness. |
C.A well-founded opinion counts more than many shallow ones. |
D.People who disagree with us often have comprehensive views. |
A.Embracing Disagreement: Refusing Overcomplexity |
B.Simplifying Information: Enhancing Comprehension |
C.Understanding Differences: Establishing Relationships |
D.Navigating Complexity: Challenging Oversimplification |
1.描述此现象;
2.给出合理建议(至少三点)。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇:理性地追星worship stars rationally
Worship Stars Rationally
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4 . If you order a Burger King Stacker Quad,you'll be served with a hamburger with no trace of any vegetable in it,a fact boasted about in the TV ads that accompanied the launch of the product in the United States.The Stacker Quad may be extraordinary, but it is far from
The industry's
Denny Marie Post,from Burger King, admits that the fast-food industry vastly
A.strange | B.true | C.unique | D.simple |
A.emphasize | B.ignore | C.contain | D.promote |
A.explaining | B.concluding | C.predicting | D.recalling |
A.attitude | B.solution | C.resistance | D.availability |
A.kept it to | B.put it on | C.made it into | D.took it off |
A.lied | B.tried | C.ate | D.stopped |
A.promise | B.mistake | C.behaviour | D.greed |
A.thanks to | B.in spite of | C.ahead of | D.in addition to |
A.Sure enough | B.Above all | C.After all | D.In conclusion |
A.overlooked | B.overestimated | C.overcorrected | D.overcame |
A.desire | B.craze | C.confusion | D.action |
A.share | B.remaining | C.word | D.fill |
A.smaller | B.bigger | C.newer | D.older |
A.phenomenon | B.consequence | C.procedure | D.concept |
A.demand | B.count | C.consume | D.store |
5 . If you’re reading this, it’s safe to assume you arrived by internet.
Maybe you caught the headline as it raced by on Twitter. Or you might be taking a break from watching a boring movie on Netflix.
It doesn’t matter. Because according to a new study, it all adds up to the same thing: one distraction(分心的事情)after another.
And the thing is, they’re welcome distractions. Because, as the research — published this week in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology — notes, people will do just about anything to avoid being left to their own thoughts.
For their study, researchers designed a sample test for more than 2,557 participants in 11 countries. They divided their test subjects into two groups. In the first group, people were asked to spend 10 to 15 minutes “entertaining themselves with their thoughts as best they could.”
Just sit back and think about things. Sounds good, doesn’t it? Well, not really. The second group — the one where people were told to surf the Net, play a video game, or even read a book — reported having much more fun. They scored more highly on entertainment and lower on boredom. And the preference for distraction seemed to be a global phenomenon, which may come as a surprise to Italians who are famously brilliant at doing nothing.
“The preference for doing external(外部的)activities such as reading, watching TV, or surfing the internet rather than ‘just thinking’ appears to be strong throughout the world,” the researchers note in the study.
But there does seem to be an important thing that hasn’t been included in the study. Shouldn’t the quality of thoughts matter? If you’ve got something positive to think about — say, how you’re going to spend your vacation or the great screenplay you’ve already half-written in your head — why are you reading this?
On the other hand, if you are always bothered by negative thoughts — a sad or painful experience, perhaps — by all means, keep scrolling(翻网页).
Unfortunately, we won’t be able to take up much of your time here; it’s a short study that gets to the point in a hurry. Don’t worry though. There’s a whole world of distractions out there. Say, have you seen that ship teetering at the brink of Niagara Falls? And how about those charming cows? Bet you didn’t know they could smell you from six miles away.
And that’s something to think about.
1. Why would the Italians be surprised at the phenomenon?A.They prefer reading books to surfing the Net. |
B.They’re convinced that thinking is significant. |
C.They are used to being left to their own thoughts. |
D.They seldom entertain themselves by surfing the Net. |
A.By reference research. | B.By comparative study. |
C.By theoretical analysis. | D.By experimental study. |
A.The quality of thoughts. | B.The cause of the phenomenon. |
C.The solution to the problem. | D.The kinds of distractions. |
A.Worried. | B.Disappointed. |
C.Serious. | D.Humorous. |
6 . Did you ever have to say “no” to somebody? Such as a classmate who asks to go to lunch with you? New research suggests that, at least socially, a rejection (拒绝) should not include an apology. In other words, saying you are sorry does not make the person being rejected feel any better. In fact, it might make the rejected person feel worse. That is surprising. Many people consider it to be good manners to say they are sorry when they turn down a request.
Gili Freedman is doing some related research at Dartmouth College. For her research, she asked over 1,000 people to respond to different examples of social rejection. In one example, the researchers asked people for their reaction (反应)after a person named Taylor asked to join a co-worker who went out to lunch every Friday. And Taylor was told “no”. But in some cases, the person rejecting Taylor offered an apology. In other cases, the people doing the rejection did not say they were sorry. People were asked how they would feel if they were being turned down, just as Taylor was. Most said they would be more hurt by a rejection with an apology than a rejection without an apology.
Freedman said the reason is that apologies make people feel like they need to say that the rejection was okay— even when they felt like it was not okay. Rejection without an apology lets them express their feelings of disappointment, hurt or anger more easily. Freedman also said that an apology often makes the person doing the rejection feel better—even as it makes the person being rejected feel worse.
Her research deals only with social communication. A business situation might be very different. “If a manager rejects a job interviewee or a boss must tell an employee that he or she is being fired from a job,” Freedman said, “reactions to apologies may be different.”
1. Why do people say they are sorry when they express rejection?A.Because they think it is more polite. |
B.Because they think it helps them express their dislike better. |
C.Because they think apologies are the basis of communication. |
D.Because they think it sounds more comfortable for the listener. |
A.rejected others without an apology |
B.offered an apology when rejecting others |
C.would be more hurt by a rejection with an apology |
D.were asked to answer the question in different situations |
A.It makes the rejection more acceptable. |
B.It makes a good impression on the listener. |
C.It makes the communication more pleasant. |
D.It makes the person doing the rejecting feel better. |
A.The effect of an apology during a rejection. |
B.Gili Freedman’s research on business situations. |
C.A rejection with an apology in a business situation. |
D.The difference between a social situation and a business one. |
7 . Concerns about the harm caused by “too much” screen time—particularly when it is spent on social media—are widespread. But working out what a “healthy”
Some negative experiences on social media—like
Consider the picture painted by a UNICEF review of existing research into the effects of digital technology on children’s
The UNICEF report highlighted a 2017 study that examined 120,000 UK 15-year-olds. Among those teenagers who were the lightest users, it was found that increasing the time spent using technology was linked to
A broader look at evidence provided by some other high quality studies again suggests the story is not
So how much time should our children spend looking at screens? It is difficult to be
A.amount | B.comparison | C.experience | D.medium |
A.accounting for | B.boasting of | C.commenting on | D.worrying about |
A.general | B.particular | C.private | D.public |
A.domestic | B.material | C.physical | D.psychological |
A.complex | B.dramatic | C.harmless | D.predictable |
A.improved | B.maximum | C.relative | D.small |
A.As a rule | B.In contrast | C.On the whole | D.Worse still |
A.convincing | B.definite | C.probable | D.true |
A.estimating | B.experiencing | C.reducing | D.tracing |
A.connection | B.power | C.promotion | D.risk |
A.balanced | B.independent | C.precise | D.subjective |
A.agree | B.forget | C.object | D.remember |
A.equally | B.readily | C.reluctantly | D.weakly |
A.emotion therapy | B.social media | C.TV broadcasting | D.video game |
A.confident | B.optimistic | C.rough | D.wild |
8 . Many small-business owners watched recent revelations about Facebook with mixed emotions. Like most Americans, they were surprised to discover how much information the social media giant collected on its users. But when it comes to small business, Facebook is a transformative advertising platform for small businesses, not easy to replace.
Let's say you own a small seafood restaurant, and Tuesday nights are $1 oyster (牡蛎)nights. Traditional advertising methods cost a lot and must be planned long in advance, and ifs hit-or-miss as to whether you actually get in front of oyster eaters. With Facebook, on Tuesday morning, with a few clicks, you can target Facebook users in your Zip code who love oysters and eating out (and are over age 21, so they can buy drinks, which is why you have $1 oyster nights). And you can do this for as little as S20.
In my work with small businesses for more than 25 years, I've never seen a more effective method of micro-targeting prospects. Though Facebook is an effective tool for small-business, advertising does not justify (证明合理)the company's collecting vast amounts of data or allowing users' data to be invaded.
"Our primary concern was people's experience on Facebook," said Dan Levy, Facebook's Vice President. "Our teams have also been speaking to small businesses, and they want to make sure we're addressing the situation, and we are."
One concern small businesses want Facebook to address is protecting their uploaded lists. No one wants their customers' information misused or accessed by others, especially competitors.
Small-business owners are rightfully concerned about privacy. They don't want Facebook to know everything about them, and they don't want their customer lists to be let out to others.
But small businesses don't want to lose this effective advertising medium, either. Most Facebook ads are not invasive or offensive. And many receivers may actually benefit from receiving highly targeted ads—after all, those oyster lovers like learning about Tuesday night— $1 oyster night.
1. How does the author explain Facebook's function in Paragraph 2?A.By performing an experiment. | B.By leading a survey・ |
C.By analyzing the data・ | D.By giving an example. |
A.Objective. | B.Supportive. |
C.Doubtful | D.Respectful. |
A.What people experience on Facebook. |
B.That Facebook updates the lists constantly. |
C.That their competitors benefit more from Facebook. |
D.That Facebook will give away their customer lists. |
A.Facebook is benefiting small businesses |
B.Facebook, a mixed bag for small businesses |
C.Facebook is protecting customers5 privacy |
D.Facebook, a powerful advertisement tool |
要求:1. 不要在文中透露真实信息;
2. 可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯;
3. 字数100字左右,首句已提供,不计入总字数。
参考词汇:二维码 QR code
In recent years, mobile payment has made its way into people’s life. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
10 . Mike was 11. As his birthday was coming up,he
On his
After a week,when Mike was walking home from school, he saw a boy riding a bike. Mike
Mike helped him stand up and provided him with water.
An ambulance (救护车)came and carried Sam to hospital. He then rushed to Sam's home and
Sam and his parents thanked Mike for the
Sam got a new bike and he came to know that Mike didn't have the
A.persuaded | B.arranged | C.requested | D.ordered |
A.jumping | B.driving | C.walking | D.wandering |
A.drop | B.discover | C.hug | D.pick |
A.gathered | B.spotted | C.fixed | D.located |
A.holiday | B.birthday | C.graduation | D.celebration |
A.frightened | B.hopeful | C.unhappy | D.impatient |
A.calm | B.grateful | C.puzzled | D.upset |
A.felt | B.learned | C.agreed | D.argued |
A.Suddenly | B.Eventually | C.Thankfully | D.Actually |
A.treated | B.remembered | C.regarded | D.recognized |
A.Before | B.Since | C.Unless | D.Though |
A.slightly | B.necessarily | C.seriously | D.gently |
A.church | B.school | C.hospital | D.shelter |
A.complained | B.reminded | C.impressed | D.informed |
A.generous | B.pleasant | C.honored | D.limited |
A.unlikely | B.possible | C.exciting | D.unbelievable |
A.worried | B.injured | C.beat | D.attacked |
A.broke out | B.missed out | C.checked out | D.pulled out |
A.interest | B.confidence | C.right | D.chance |
A.permission | B.admission | C.guidance | D.introduction |