1 . How do people respond when you have a talk with them? Maybe they brush your emotions aside or never listen to you.     1     Some tips will help you gain respect by communicating more effectively.

Use confident body language. This type of body language can increase your self-respect and help you earn people’s respect. Confident body language can include good eye contact and appropriate postures (姿势). Keep your eyes forward instead of down.     2    

Improve your listening skills. Good listeners often come across as sympathetic and caring, which are admirable qualities. A skilled listener can make others feel valued and appreciated.     3     To improve your listening skills, start by paying more attention to people during conversations. Put your phone away and focus on what they are saying rather than what you want to say in response. Give them plenty of time to speak.

Avoid oversharing. It’s common to talk too much and start rambling (瞎扯) when you get nervous or want to make a good impression. But to gain others’ respect, you can’t ramble or talk too much about yourself.     4     Get everyone involved and talk about shared interests or hobbies. That way , people will start valuing your input and what you say.

    5     Sometimes you may have a difficult conversation or come into conflict with others. If you get cross, people won’t take you seriously because they’ll think you’re too emotional and unreasonable. In that case, you should have the conversation in private instead of making a scene in public. You can also do it sometime after you’ve cooled down.

A．Keep calm and your anger in check.

B．There’s no need to fill every silence.

C．Therefore, he may be respected in return.

D．Try to make your message as clear as possible.

E．You might feel that you just don’t matter to others.

F．Don’t leave your arms crossed or hands in your pockets.

G．Instead, you need to slow down and find some common ground.

2 . How often do you have a conversation with someone, and think you are paying attention to him or her, only to realize shortly afterwards that you can't remember what he said? Or, perhaps you get distracted while he is speaking and miss the message that he is trying to deliver.     1    : TVs, radios, traffic noises, telephones, laptops and so on, which can make it difficult to listen with our full attention.

But how can we listen more effectively?     2    . He said, “Mindfulness means paying attention in a particular way, with a purpose, at the present moment and non - judgmentally.”

    3    ? Jon Kabat - Zinn describes three key elements of mindful listening that we can use to improve our listening skills.

First of all, be present. When we listen mindfully, our focus should be on the person we are listening to without distractions. Then develop empathy (共鸣). We often see the world through our own experiences. When we're empathetic, we can understand a situation from someone else's point of view.     4    . Our cues are the thoughts, feelings and physical reactions that we have when we feel anxious or angry, and they can block out ideas and perspectives that we re uncomfortable with. Mindful listening can help us to be more aware of our cues.     5    

In conclusion, the rule is straightforward: simply “Listen”! Listen carefully and attentively. Pay full attention to the other person, and don' t let other thoughts, like what we are going to say next, distract us.

A．Finally, listen to our own “cues”

B．What can we do with mindful listening

C．But how can we apply mindful listening to our life

D．At last, “cues” helps us understand the speaker's ideas

E．In today's busy world, modern life is full of distractions

F．Besides, it allows us to choose not to let them block communication

G．Professor Jon Kabat - Zinn put forward the idea of mindful listening

3 . In ancient Egypt, the pharaoh(法老) treated the message runner like a prince when he arrived at the palace, if he brought good news.However, if the exhausted runner had the misfortune to bring the pharaoh unhappy news, his head was cut off.

Shades of that spirit spread over today's conversations.Once a friend and I packed up some peanut butter and sandwiches for an outing.As we walked light－heartedly out of the door, picnic basket in hand, a smiling neighbor looked up at the sky and said, “Oh boy, a bad day for a picnic.The weatherman says it's going to rain.”I wanted to strike him on the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches.Not for his stupid weather report, but for his smile.

Several months ago I was racing to catch a bus.As I breathlessly put my handful of cash across the Greyhound counter, the sales agent said with a broad smile, “Oh, that bus left five minutes ago.” Dreams_of_head－cutting!

It's not the news that makes someone angry.It's the unsympathetic attitude with which it's delivered(传递). Everyone must give bad news from time to time, and big winners do it with the proper attitude.A doctor advising his patient that she needs an operation does it in a caring way.A boss informing an employee he fails to get the job takes on a sympathetic tone.Big winners know, when delivering any bad news, they should share the feeling of the receiver.

Unfortunately, many people are not aware of this.When you're tired from a long flight, has a hotel clerk cheerfully said that your room isn't ready yet? When you had your heart set on the toasted beef, has your waiter merrily told you that he just served the last piece? It makes you as a traveler or diner want to land your fist right on their unsympathetic faces.

Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy, I would have appreciated his warning.Had the Greyhound salesclerk sympathetically informed me that my bus had already left, I probably would have said, “Oh, that's all right.I'll catch the next one.” Big winners, when they bear bad news, deliver bombs with the emotion the bombarded(被轰炸的) person is sure to have.

1. From “Dreams of head－cutting!” (Paragraph 3 ) , we learn that the writer______.

A．was reminded of the cruel pharaoh

B．was mad at the sales agent

C．wished that the sales agent would have bad dreams

D．dreamed of cutting the sales agent's head that night

2. Which of the following is true?

A．The author really appreciated the neighbor's warning.

B．From the passage we know that it is the bad news that makes someone angry.

C．If the runner brought to the pharaoh unhappy news, he would be treated like a prince.

D．When we want to deliver any bad news, we should share the feeling of the receiver.

3. What is the main idea of the text？

A．Receiving bad news requires great courage.

B．Helping others sincerely is the key to business success.

C．Delivering bad news with sympathy is important in communication.

D．Learning ancient traditions can be useful.

4. In the writer's opinion, his neighbor was______.

A．not helpful	B．not considerate
C．friendly	D．warmhearted

4 . Steve and I pulled trash for four solid hours continuously, except for about five minutes when we stopped to talk. My shoulder hurt badly each time I put another full barrel on it, and my legs occasionally trembled as I was heading for the street. But the rest of me said, “Go, trashman, go.”

I could not have imagined there would be joy in this. Dump. Lift. Walk. Lift. Walk. The hours flew by. Saturday meant many people were outdoors working in their gardens or greenhouses. Most of them looked approachable enough. There wasn’t time for lengthy talks but enough to exchange greetings that go with civilized ways. But I was shocked to find that this wasn’t the case.

When I said hello to them, most often the response was either nothing at all, or a surprising stare because I had spoken.

One woman in a housecoat was startled as I came around the corner of her house. At the sound of my greeting, she gathered her housecoat tightly about her and retreated quickly to the door. I heard the lock click.

Steve complained angrily on the long ride to the dump: “They don’t realize we’re humans.”

I had originally planned to stay at this employment for only two days but now I’m going to continue. I have decided, too, to keep saying hello in people’s yards. It doesn’t do any harm, and it still feels right. Frankly, I’m doing an essential task. I left this country a little cleaner than I found it this morning. Not many people can say that tonight.

John Gardner wrote that a society which praises its philosophers and looks down on its plumbers（管子工）is in trouble. “Neither its pipes nor its theories will hold water,” he warned. He might have gone a step further and called for respect for both our economists and our trashmen; otherwise, they’ll both leave rubbish behind.

1. How did the woman feel when she heard the author’s greeting?

A．Doubtful.	B．Embarrassed.
C．Frightened.	D．Pitiful.

2. At the end of the passage, what’s the author’s attitude to his job?

A．He is ashamed of it.	B．He is boastful about it.
C．He is proud of it.	D．He isn’t serious about it.

3. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?

A．Both the facilities and the thoughts of society may go wrong.

B．Both the trashmen and the economists should not be respected.

C．Both practice and theories are important.

D．Both the pipes and the theories make sense.

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．An Experience as a Trashman	B．The Trashman
C．Economists and Trashmen	D．Misunderstanding

5 . Love and Friendship

They are both so much related to each other. And both are so dissimilar! What are the differences between friendship and love? Is platonic（柏拉图式的）friendship possible between persons of the opposite sex?     1    

What is friendship? Why do we call a person our friend? When do we call someone a very good friend? If we care for a person, if we are always ready to help that person and if we share most of our thoughts with that person, he/she is our good friend. We can always count upon our good friends in an emergency. We are always sure that our friends will understand why we act in a certain way.     2     The friendship is so deep and the relationship is so intimate, that most of the things are automatically understood by our friends.

    3     In a relationship with deep love, all the sharing that we discussed above is taken for granted. But love transcends（超越）all this. In love, we are attached to a particular person, while in friendship, one may have many friends. A loving relationship makes one so much attached to the other that one gets pained if his/ her beloved is hurt! Love also involves a physical element.     4     This is a vital difference. Nature gives us love so that the species can go forward. Nature does not give us friendship.

Your heartbeats will never increase in anticipation of meeting your friend.     5     You will not feel totally lost, if you don’t meet your friend for a few days. You will not have dreams in your eyes thinking about your friend. But in love, you will do all this and much more. Indeed, there is no comparison between love and friendship.

A．What about love?

B．Friendship does not have that.

C．My answer is “Yes”.

D．Let us try and understand.

E．The physical element may include hand in hand while walking.

F．We need not explain anything to our very good friends.

G．You will not lie awake at night thinking about your friend.

6 . Have you ever had the following experience? You have been given the task of organizing a conference, which includes a must-do list about a mile long. There is the conference site, the guest list, the materials, the technology and even the food and drink to think about and plan. If you are beginning to feel the stress, slow down and take a breath.     1    .

Write down your goals. You will need to clearly define what you hope to accomplish with this conference because this will shape the rest of your decisions.       2    .

Develop your budget.       3    . Then break that budget into different parts such as conference site, materials and speakers' fees. Stick to your budget, and make sure your assistants are keeping their monetary limits as well.

    4    . When searching for locations, keep in mind the number of participants, the convenience of the location, parking and closeness to public transportation, airports and hotels. Your goal in finding a place to hold the conference should be making it as easy as possible for participants to attend.

Seek help from the staff of the conference site. If you have chosen a site that is known for holding conferences, you can seek help from the staff there as organizing meeting is what they do every day.       5    . They should be able to answer any questions or concern and provide advice when needed.

Of course, full preparations also include a walk-through. Go to the site and meet with the staff the day before to be certain that everything is in place and to take care of any small details.

A．Decide on a schedule for the meeting

B．Choose your conference site

C．Read the following skills to figure out how to organize a conference

D．Knowing what you want to achieve eases the stress of moving forward

E．Make full use of this important resource

F．You can do nothing without knowing how much money you have to spend

G．Seek help from your colleagues to support every aspect of the meeting

7 . When you are dealing with a stressful situation or going through a hard time, people in your life can help you. When someone who cares knows what you’re going through, it helps you feel understood and not so alone.    1    Problems seem smaller when you talk about them with the right person. You can do better and find out solutions more easily when you share your problems.

There are lots of different ways to get and give help.     2    Other times you need advice on things. Help can be very easy, like a homework project. Or it can go on for a while, like teaching to bring up a failing grade or advising to get through a difficult situation.

It’s likely you remember times someone helped you. Friends helped you get through sadness or deal with disappointment.     3    Teachers might have guided you through the college application process.     4     You might give a hand to your classmate who met difficulty.

Friends, parents, teachers and other adults can be great resources when you need help.     5    

Doctors can offer specialized help for a health problem. Accountants can be consulted about the tax laws.

A．Having a right person means a lot.

B．Difficulties are everywhere in your life.

C．Parents taught you to stop a bad habit.

D．Sometimes you just want to hear an encouraging word.

E．You need to learn to give help in the right way.

F．And you can also remember times when you helped others.

G．There are also times when you need the extra help that a professional can provide best.

8 . Have you ever considered volunteering? It gives you a chance to make contributions. You'll feel a sense of pride that you are volunteering your time, and a local organization will benefit, too. But how to volunteer?Follow the three steps before you enjoy it.

Pick an organization.     1     You're likely to be happier and volunteer longer at an organization that supports a cause you care about. For example, if you're interested in animal welfare, maybe you want to volunteer at an animal shelter. Much like job search sites, you can also use volunteer websites like VolunteerMatch to help you find volunteer opportunities in your area. If you still can't narrow down where you want to volunteer, start asking people you know where they volunteer.     2    

Be clear what you can offer. First identify your skills. For example, maybe you could write brochures（小册子）for local nonprofits if writing is your style.     3     You need to be sure how much time you can give to an organization based on your other commitments. If you try to do too much, you're more likely to give up.

    4     Treat the application like a job. Spend some time preparing for the interview, much as you would for a job interview.     5     Ask what's expected of volunteers. For instance, volunteers at a museum may be expected to learn parts of the galleries（展览馆）to give tours. Start volunteering slowly. That is, it's better to commit to just a little bit of time at first to see if you like volunteering at the organization.

A．Apply and get started.

B．Volunteer in person or online.

C．Then don’t forget to review your weekly schedule.

D．You'd better focus on the causes you like very much.

E．You may find one of them has the perfect opportunity for you.

F．It is also a time for you to judge whether the organization is fit for you.

G．First find an organization that's a good fit for you, and then decide what you have to offer.

9 . What Theresa Loe is doing proves that a large farm isn’t a prerequisite for a modern grow-your-own lifestyle. On a mere 1/10 of an acre in Los Angeles, Loe and her family grow, can (装罐) and preserve much of the food they consume.

Loe is a master food preserver, gardener and canning expert. She also operates a website, where she shares her tips and recipes, with the goal of demonstrating that everyone has the ability to control what’s on their plate.

Loe initially went to school to become an engineer, but she quickly learned that her enthusiasm was mainly about growing and preparing her own food. “ got into cooking my own food and started growing my own herbs(香草)and foods for that fresh flavor,” she said. Engineer by day, Loe learned cooking at night school. She ultimately purchased a small piece of land with her husband and began growing their own foods.

“I teach people how to live farm-fresh without a farm,” Loe said. Through her website Loe emphasizes that ‘‘anybody can do this anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony (阳台)? Plant some herbs. A window? Perfect spot for growing. Start with herbs, she recommends, because “they’re very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can take your regular cooking to a whole new level,” she added. “I think it’s a great place to start.” Then? Try growing something from a seed, she said, like a tomato or some tea.

Canning is a natural extension of the planting she does. With every planted food, Loe noted, there’s a moment when it’s bursting with its absolute peak flavor. “I try and keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,” Loe said. “Canning for me is about knowing what’s in your food, knowing where it comes from.”

In addition to being more in touch with the food she’s eating, another joy comes from passing this knowledge and this desire for good food to her children: “Influencing them and telling them your opinion on not only being careful what we eat but understanding the bigger picture,” she said, “that if we don’t take care of the earth, no one will.”

1. The underlined word “prerequisite” (Para. 1) is closest in meaning to“      ”.

A．recipe	B．substitute
C．requirement	D．challenge

2. Why does Loe suggest starting with herbs?

A．They are used daily.	B．They are easy to grow.
C．They can grow very tall.	D．They can be eaten uncooked.

3. According to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted foods?

A．It can preserve their best flavor.	B．It can promote her online sales.
C．It can better her cooking skills.	D．It can improve their nutrition.

4. What is the “the bigger picture” (Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to understand?

A．The knowledge about good food.	B．The way to live a grow-our-own life.
C．The joy of getting in touch with foods.	D．The responsibility to protect our earth