1 . Young people are being criticized for working from home again, with one professor saying it adversely affects their professional and romantic success.
Scott Galloway, a marketing professor at the New York University, spoke about the harms of being at home at The Wall Street Journal’s CEO Council Summit, on Wednesday.
A clip posted on TikTok shows Galloway saying, “You should never be at home. That’s what I tell young people. Home is for seven hours of sleep and that’s it. The amount of time you spend at home is oppositely correlated to your success professionally and romantically. You need to be out of the house.”
In another clip at the same event, the professor insisted that success and work-life balance do not go hand in hand. He said, “If you expect to be in the top 10% economically, much less the top 1%, buck up. Two decades plus, of nothing but work. That’s my experience.”
Galloway has long been an advocate of office working and shunned remote working habits because it weakens young people’s ability to build relationships and network. He previously advised young workers, “Before you collect dogs and spouses, get into the office, establish mentors, establish friends,” in an interview with CNN. He added that workers who get promoted are the ones with the best relationships at work.
1. What can be the harm of working from home according to Galloway?| A．Less successful careers. | B．Imbalance between work and life. |
| C．Worse relationship at home. | D．Loss of sleep time. |
| A．Develop remote working habits. | B．Keep a pet at home. |
| C．Establish relationships in the office. | D．Get promotion at work. |
| A．Celebrating the Teachers’ Day. |
| B．Finding something as a gift for his teacher. |
| C．Giving the gift to his teacher. |
| A．Those who wish to be a leader. |
| B．Those who are warm and inviting. |
| C．Those who have trouble socializing. |
| D．Those who judge people by first impressions. |
| A．Because it means time is important. |
| B．Because it reflects that you value them. |
| C．Because it allows you to get ready early. |
| D．Because it applies to various business situations. |
| A．By communicating with people in public. |
| B．By talking with anyone around you in life. |
| C．By trying to stop talking every time you use them. |
| D．By practicing with these words at home one at a time. |
| A．He is talkative. | B．He is bossy. |
| C．He is confident. | D．He is trustworthy. |
1. What does the passage mainly tell us?
| A．Working from home has its benefits. | B．Workplace friendships are easy to develop. |
| C．Young people favour remote employment. | D．Working remotely limits workplace friendships. |
| A．Financial support. | B．Emotional comfort. |
| C．Frontline services. | D．Educational resources. |
| A．Workplace friendships help to avoid disagreements at work. |
| B．Workplace friendships motivate employees to work longer hours. |
| C．Workplace friendships contribute to efficiency and security at work. |
| D．Workplace friendships encourage employers to interact with customers. |
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Nowadays, there are more and more people who attach great importance relationships in career success. Being polite is the first and most important step to developing good relationships among friends. Polite words can be easily said yet always have some unexpected and powerful result in your daily life.
Always saying “please” and “thank you” will make your friends feeling more comfortable and more willingly to offer help when necessary. We all know that one man’s success is based on what he deals with people. Always being grateful for other people’s kindness and show your gratitude through the words you say. The more support you win from other people, the more faster you will move towards your goal.
Remember, be polite to others cost nothing so it’s worth a million dollars.
7 . What if your next job is just a weak tie away? A recent study, conducted by a team from Stanford University and LinkedIn, revealed that weaker social connections have a greater beneficial effect on job mobility (流动性) than stronger ties. Stanford Professor Erik Bryson suggests a practical outcome of this study is to encourage job seekers to expand their reach beyond immediate friends and colleagues. Weak ties, he explains, often provide more unique, beneficial information and connections.
The advantage of weak ties theory is based on the idea that weak ties allow distant group of people to access novel information that can lead to new opportunities and innovation. Weak ties are more likely to introduce new job information to a wider social network.
The research team conducted a five-year experimental study with LinkedIn, involving 20 million global participants and 600,000 new jobs created. Using LinkedIn’s “People You May Know” (PYMK) algorithm (算法), the researchers tested the weak tie theory’s impact on the job market. The team randomly assigned LinkedIn users to receive either more weak or strong tie recommendations from the PYMK algorithm, then tracked the labor mobility of these groups over five years.
Their findings confirm that weaker ties enhance job mobility. Besides, the researchers looked at differences across industries and found that adding weak ties creates significantly more job opportunities in digital and high-tech industries. “This may reflect the fact that there is more rapid change and need for novel information and connections in those industries,” Bryson said.
He points out that the traditional methods used by policymakers to analyze labor markets are quickly becoming outdated. “They need to recognize that the labor market, like all aspects of the economy, is being digitized,” Bryson said. “It is important that we understand how the algorithms used by digital platforms like LinkedIn impact the labor market.”
1. According to paragraph 1, what should job seekers do?| A．Expand network to include weak ties. | B．Limit the search to their current industry. |
| C．Strengthen connections with close friends. | D．Rely on strong connections for opportunities. |
| A．By carrying out on line surveys. | B．By interviewing LinkedIn employers. |
| C．By tracking user data and job mobility. | D．By conducting a large-scale job fair. |
| A．They are fast-paced and value novelty. | B．They cause weak ties among employees. |
| C．Strong ties are the main source of mobility. | D．Weak ties do not contribute to job mobility. |
| A．Prioritize traditional methods only. | B．Ignore the impact of digital platforms. |
| C．Recognize the influence of digitization. | D．Understand the rules on digital platforms. |
8 . Resolving (解决) Conflict in Friendships
Conflict is surely a common problem in life and friendships.
Resolve it the day it happens. One rule my parents follow in their marriage is that they don’t go to bed angry with each other. They always attempt to resolve things the day it happens so that in the morning, it’s a fresh start with no past grudge (怨恨). I’ve found I need a short cool down period so that I don’t act in anger. For some, counting to one hundred before saying anything may be an option.
Initiate resolution.
Most importantly, be loving in what you do. Try to focus on peacefully resolving the disagreement. It is not a most pleasant task to resolve conflict in any friendship.
| A．Focus on the bigger picture. |
| B．Try to see the other person’s perspective. |
| C．Whatever you do, don’t let things ride for too long. |
| D．Be the first person in a fight to say sorry for your part. |
| E．Offering a listening ear shows you value the friendship. |
| F．Many shallow friendships end up being ruined after an argument. |
| G．However, it is worth the efforts because it results in a deeper friendship. |
9 . Young children are always watching-including when people swap spit through actions like food sharing. Such behavior helps babies infer who is in close relationships with one another, a study suggests.
Typically, people are more likely to engage in activities that can lead to an exchange of saliva (唾液), such as kissing or sharing an ice cream, with family members or close friends than with an acquaintance. So saliva sharing can be a marker of “thick relationships, “ or people with strong attachments, says MIT developmental psychologist Ashley Thomas.
To see if young children might use saliva sharing as a social cue for close bonds, Thomas and colleagues ran experiments of people engaging with puppets(木偶). When shown a puppet seemingly crying, kids of 8 months old were more likely to look at an adult who had previously shared saliva with the puppet than an adult who hadn’t, the team reports.
Scientists, of course, can’t know exactly babies’ thought. But tracking where they look offers hints. The team used where the kids looked first when a puppet showed distress as an indicator of their understanding of the relationship.
In some experiments, the team showed 8- to 10-month-olds or 16- to 18-month-olds videos of a woman sharing an orange slice with a puppet. A second video depicted another woman and the puppet playing with a ball. During a final video, which showed the puppet crying while seated between the two women, the kids’ eyes were more often drawn to the woman who had shared the orange.
The team saw similar results in another experiment. One woman stuck her finger in her mouth and then in one puppet’s mouth to share saliva. For the other, she touched only her forehead and then the puppet’s forehead. After the woman showed distress, kids spent more time looking at the puppet that had seemingly swapped saliva.
It’s unclear how the findings relate to children’s daily lives. Future studies could switch out actresses for family members to better understand the role saliva may play in distinguishing relationships. Other cues, such as hugging, may also play a role, Thomas says.
1. What is the main finding of the study?| A．Saliva-sharing behavior is a cultural phenomenon. |
| B．Saliva-sharing is an indicator of trust between individuals. |
| C．Saliva-sharing can help children distinguish close relationship. |
| D．Children can understand relationships through saliva-sharing behavior. |
| A．It is a natural behavior for young children. |
| B．It can be an indicator of strong attachments between people. |
| C．It is a cultural behavior young children learn from their parents. |
| D．It is a result of the development of young children’s social skills. |
| A．Comparison. | B．Reference. | C．Inference. | D．Description. |
| A．The limitations of the current study. |
| B．The importance of saliva in social relationships. |
| C．The role of other cues in distinguishing relationships. |
| D．Saliva sharing can affect children’s social development. |
10 . We’ve all had things to apologize for. Whether on the playground or at the office, intentionally or not, we’ve hurt people. Research shows that apologies benefit us in many ways, which can reduce stress and ease heart rates, as well as boosting relationship well being and cooperation.
Like so many other habits that are good for us, apologies must overcome our own mental barriers. When people know they’ve made a mistake and hurt somebody, they may still remain silent in the face of their wrong doings.
First, the offender (冒犯者) may not be concerned with the relationship, especially if they have little empathy for the other person. The second barrier is the perceived threat to one’s self-image. Some people fear that apologizing will be both humbling and prove that they aren’t a good, moral person.
While this too is a possibility, in most cases the opposite is true, because people have a tendency to overestimate the negative consequences of apologizing and underestimate the benefits of apologizing. But once we’ve actually apologized, we both feel better, and it can really have a positive impact.
| A．Have you ever said sorry to somebody? |
| B．But then why are apologies so difficult? |
| C．A true apology is a gift to another person. |
| D．In some cases, it may take time for the person to forgive and forget. |
| E．Finally, people may simply underestimate the effectiveness of their apology. |
| F．But even if you make the apology, don’t think the conflict is over automatically. |
| G．According to the researchers, there are three mental barriers to explain this silence. |
