2 . About 600,000 people die of heart attacks at home each year. And the survival rate (存活率) of out-of-hospital heart attacks is much lower than those that happen at the in-hospital setting.

Pumpstart, a program created by students at Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) which is meant to teach hands-only CPR (心脏复苏术) to the general public, is effective in both teaching high school students a life-saving skill and providing medical students with a chance to take part in public health and medical education after several surveys.

High school students in the Boston area who joined in the Pumpstart program completed pre-/post surveys. The pre-surveys were carried out before they watched a 60-minute training session (培训课程) on hands-only CPR. And the post surveys were done after the training session. Medical students also completed surveys judging their comfort in learning CPR both before and after they took part in the program. The high school students reported huge improvements in CPR skills following their training from Pumpstart. And it was reported that the medical students had higher confidence levels regarding their abilities to answer questions about CPR and helping new medical students to better understand the training sessions after they joined in Pumpstart.

“Getting the general public to feel comfortable performing CPR is important to overall improved survival from heart attacks,” explained Anita Knopov, a fourth-year medical student at BUSM. “Using educational resources provided by the city medical center and offering training to inner-city high school students allow medical students to serve as both educators and experienced people in CPR within the community, while making high school students interested in the healthcare field (医疗领域). That’s what Pumpstart does.”

Knopov believes Pumpstart can serve as a model for other organizations and can have a long-term (长期的) public health influence as the bystander CPR continues to be one of the most useful factors in out-of-hospital (医院之外) heart attack survival. “Although Pumpstart is offered only in Boston, we hope that our work may stimulate the development of similar programs in other areas. And in that case we can use lots of new ‘Pumpstarts’ in other regions.”

1. What is the main purpose of Pumpstart?

A．To change people’s lifestyle.

B．To train students to be healthy

C．To improve CPR skills of the public.

D．To provide medical care for communities.

2. What does Paragraph 4 imply?

A．Pumpstart improves students self-confidence

B．Pumpstart performs CPR for people independently.

C．Pumpstart obviously reduces the risk of heart attacks

D．Pumpstart encourages students to work in the healthcare field

3. What does Anita Knopov think of the program?

A．Pretty useful.	B．Widely popular
C．Partly confusing.	D．Fairly interesting

4. What does the underlined word “stimulate” in the last paragraph mean?

A．Check	B．Prevent
C．Encourage	D．Slow

3 . “Please don't travel to Wuhan unless it's absolutely necessary,” Zhong Nanshan, a famous respiratory （呼吸科的） expert, reminded the public when the novel coronavirus first hit Wuhan. But despite the danger, he, 84, rushed on an overnight train to Wuhan to fight the disease.

Zhong Nanshan is known as the hero who defeated SARS in 2003. His image and messages are flooding （遍布） social media, Many people say they “trust every word of Zhong”. He has given Chinese people confidence in winning the battle.

A great doctor and honest scholar （学者）

Growing up in a family of doctors, Zhong lives by a simple motto（信条）: save lives and always be honest. In 2003, when SARS hit China, he volunteered to treat patients and asked his colleagues to send their most serious cases to him. After months of work, his treatment plan for SARS was adopted （采纳） by China and then the whole world, saving thousands of lives, People's Daily reported.

Zhong is also known for being an honest scholar. In 2003, when authorities （官方） said that the SARS virus was under control, he publicly refuted their claim. “I couldn't help myself, I said it's not all under control,” Zhong said in a later interview. His honesty won widespread praise from the Chinese public.

Back to the frontlines

Seventeen years later, Zhong is once again leading an expert team to study the novel coronavirus. Although this new virus is known to be more dangerous to the elderly, Zhong doesn't seem worried about his own safety.

On January 18, he took a high-speed train from Guangzhou to Wuhan. Two days later, he became the first expert to make certain that the new virus can be spread between humans. On January 29, he and his colleagues spent over four hours online checking five patients who were in serious condition. The next day, he chose the treatment for those patients. Under his guidance, his team developed a rapid test kit （ 快速检测试剂盒） for the disease that can show results within 15 minutes

As People's Daily wrote, “the 84-year-old Zhong Nanshan shows his professionalism as a scholar, courage as a soldier, and a sense of duty as the backbone（脊梁）of our nation.”

1. What achievements did Zhong make in the fight against SARS?

A．He was the first doctor to start treating SARS patients.

B．He treated the most serious patients online.

C．His treatment plan saved lots of people.

D．He stated that SARS was under control.

2. What does the underlined word “refute” mean ?

A．To support others' opinions.

B．To say that something was not true.

C．To mock or laugh at authorities

D．To be in the fight against the disease.

3. What has Zhong done to fight the disease caused by the new virus?

A．He warned people that the virus could spread between humans.

B．He treated five severe patients in a day.

C．He chose some special patients to receive treatment.

D．The test kit from his team can show results in 15 seconds.

4. The purpose of the story is to ________.

A．encourage people to stay at home

B．state the importance of Zhong's warning

C．guide people to be honest and brave

D．praise Zhong's courage and spirit