1 . For thousands of years, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has been used across China and Southeast Asia. Its practices have developed over time and now, scientists are giving it a high-tech update.
Developed by Singaporean company AiTreat, “EMMA”is a robot masseuse(女按摩师) designed to give Tui Na, a type of TCM bodywork similar to a deep tissue massage (深层组织按摩),a 21st-century makeover. Using sensors and 3D vision to measure muscle stiffness (僵硬),EMMA (which stands for “Expert Manipulative Massage Automation”) identifies pressure points and gives massages to patients to help offer pain relief and relaxation. AiTreat founder and CEO Albert Zhang hopes that EMMA can create low-cost massage treatments that can be part of the growing attraction of preventative medicine.
In 2015, Zhang founded AiTreat. A trained TCM physician, Zhang has firsthand experience treating patients.
Patients lying on the table might not even notice the difference between EMMA and a real-life masseuse -but Zhang doesn't want robots to replace masseuses. Instead, he says that they can help by taking away the back-breaking work masseuses do every day, and enable them to “focus on the 10% highly skilled part,” which can increase their productivity and income while reducing the cost for patients. “One physician can only see one patient at a time,but with EMMA, the physician can control two robots and see up to four patients at the same time,” he says.
While TCM practitioners accept years of training, EMMA’s AI system has been trained with thousands of “data points”-bodies of different shapes, sizes and ethnicities-to find the acupoints (穴位) in each individual, says Zhang.
Currently, Zhang says 11 robots are working at eight different clinics (诊所)in Singapore, with plans to send them overseas. “We are seeing great responses from practitioners in the US and China,” he adds.
1. What do we know about EMMA?A.It is developed by a Chinese company. |
B.It has become part of preventative medicine. |
C.It can comfort patients by massaging them. |
D.It needs to locate the stiffness with the help of doctors. |
A.It is more reliable than a real masseuse. |
B.It can work on highly skilled parts. |
C.It is softer than a real masseuse. |
D.It is highly effective. |
A.Worried. | B.Confident. | C.Uncaring | D.Thankful. |
A.Tui Na massage by a robot masseuse |
B.TCM being accepted by more patients |
C.Humans losing job opportunities due to AI robots |
D.Battle between EMMA and the human masseuse |
A.Doctors’ lifestyles are better. |
B.People won’t follow the doctors. |
C.People should attend doctors’ lectures. |
At the 2016 Summer Olympics, you might have seen
As is known, western medicine focuses
According to TCM, these ideas play out in our bodies. When
4 . When it comes to medical care, many patients and doctors believe “more is better.” But what they do not realize is that overtreatment—too many scans, too many blood tests, too many procedures—may bring harm. Sometimes a test leads you down a path to more and more testing, some of which may be invasive, or to treatment for things that should be left alone.
Terrence Power, for example, complained that after his wife learned she had Wegener's disease, an uncommon disorder of the immune system, they found it difficult to refuse testing recommended by her doctor. The doctor insisted on office visits every three weeks, even when she was feeling well. He frequently ordered blood tests and X-rays, and repeatedly referred her to specialists for even minor complaints. Even when tests came back negative, more were ordered, and she was hospitalized as prevention when she developed a cold. She had as many as 25 doctor visits during one six-month period. The couple was spending about $30,000 a year for her care.
After several years of physical suffering and near financial ruin from the medical costs, the couple began questioning the treatment after discussing with other patients in online support groups. “It's a really hard thing to determine when they've crossed the line,” Mr. Power said. “You think she's getting the best care in the world, but after a while you start to wonder: What is the purpose?” Mr. Power then spoke with his own primary care doctor, who advised him to find a new specialist to oversee Mrs. Power's care. Under the new doctor's care, the regular testing stopped and Mrs. Power's condition stabilized. Now she sees the doctor only four or five times a year.
1. What is the main idea of this passage?A.Treatments do not always cause harmful side effects. |
B.Patients tend to believe more testing is better treatment. |
C.Too much medical care may not be beneficial to patients. |
D.Doctors generally recommend office visits that are necessary. |
A.She had to be hospitalized for three weeks whenever she had a cold. |
B.When test results showed she was fine, her doctor still ordered more tests. |
C.She did not have any insurance, so she became penniless because of her illness. |
D.Her doctor asked her to consult other specialists due to her constant complaints. |
A.Doctors. | B.Other patients. |
C.Mr. and Mrs. Power. | D.The online support groups. |
A.Mrs. Power's condition getting worse. | B.The results of her blood tests. |
C.Knowing about other patients' treatment. | D.The advice from Mr. Power's doctor. |
5 . Patients with light or moderate depression can be successfully treated by swimming with dolphins, researchers said on Saturday.
The study was carried out in Honduras, including patients who were thought by the doctors with light of moderate depression coming from the United States and Honduras.
For two weeks, half of the group swam and snorkeled (潜泳) with dolphins for an hour a day. At the same time the other half group carried out the same type of water activities, but with the absence of dolphins. Researchers want to find out the influence of water and the natural setting.
All the study volunteers didn’t continue to take any drugs or psychotherapy ( 心理治疗) at least for weeks before the start of the study and did not take any drugs during the study, said the researchers from the division of clinical Psychiatry at t e the University of Leicester Medical School.
By the end of the study, those people who swam with the dolphins had a greater average reduction in their depressive symptoms than those who did not.
The researchers noted that the study supports the theory of biophilia, which thinks that human health and well-being depends partly on the human connection with the natural world. The findings appeared in the issue of the British Medical Journal.
Coming from the Greek, biophilia means “love of life”, and it has been developed by biologists to reflect the humans’ natural tendency to connect with nature and animals, leading to interactions and positive emotions that result in psychological treatment.
1. Why didn’t the volunteers take drugs before and during the study?A.Because the drugs had no effect at all. |
B.Because they didn’t want to take drugs. |
C.Because the result of study might be affected. |
D.Because they wanted to make the study easier. |
A.We should often swim with dolphins. |
B.Nature and animals are important to human beings. |
C.Dolphins need to be protected by human beings. |
D.There are no effective drugs to treat depression. |
A.The English word means “love of life”. |
B.The biologists understand it in a new way. |
C.Actually we don’t use the word any longer. |
D.It’s a new way to swim with dolphins. |
A.Swimming with dolphins can treat depression. |
B.Patients with depression like swimming with dolphins. |
C.What’s the relationship between dolphins and people. |
D.Dolphins are smarter than other animals. |