1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式

Acupuncture (针灸) is a traditional Chinese medical practice of treating     1    (variety) physical and mental conditions. It gained respect and interest in the United States after New York Times journalist James Reston     2    (visit) China with President Nixon and needed an operation. Chinese doctors used acupuncture on Reston after operation.

    3    (surprise), his recovery was quick. Curious about this, Reston was allowed to watch surgery on patients     4     received acupuncture for anesthesia (麻醉). Patients talked with their doctors during the operation and then walked back to their rooms     5     their own.

The effectiveness of acupuncture left Reston such a deep     6    (impress) that he wrote a front-page article in the New York Times about his operation upon returning to the United States. “A leading medical specialist     7    (send) by Premier Chou En-lai removed my appendix(阑尾). I was conscious in     8     whole process.”

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) began to sponsor some of their top     9    (physician)to visit China to investigate acupuncture and its possible functions in western medicine. With years going by, acupuncture has earned     10    (it) a great reputation across the world with magical effect.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

These days, doctors are using a new approach to healing, which is called tapping. This approach combines     1    (wise) from Chinese medicine with talk therapy.

By simply tapping points along the body while     2     (confirm) your emotional state, you can release cellular energy. By feeling the emotions, you process and clear them through     3     power of love and forgiveness. Tapping provides a healthy way to process difficult emotions, even from     4     you experienced in the distant past. The practice draws inspiration from acupuncture, a healing method from traditional Chinese medicine that     5     (date) from thousands of years ago.

Acupuncture opens energy highways in the body by sticking thin needles into the skin. Tapping takes a similar approach, but uses touch instead of needles     6     (promote) the flow of energy throughout the body. It may sound strange or impossible     7     first glance. But scientists believe that the method works because it stimulates the     8     (center) nervous system, which causes the body to release helpful chemicals.

Everyone may have experienced some sort of emotional discomfort in their lives.     9     painful, it’s important to develop healthy ways to process these experiences. Healing practices like tapping help release these emotions     10     (active), so you can process and heal from difficult emotions.

3 . Scientists have transfused lab-made red blood cells into a human volunteer in a world-first trial that experts say has major potential for people with hard-to-match blood types or conditions such as sickle cell (镰状细胞) disease. The research could someday mean an end to long searches for compatible (兼容的) donors or dangerous transfusion reactions.

The experimental transfusion was done at Addenbrooke’s Hospital in Cambridge, England, as part of a collaborative (合作的) effort among UK scientists to understand how lab-made blood transfusions could work.

The scientists took whole blood from donors in a UK database and separated out the stem cells. These are the body’s raw materials — the cells from which all specialized cells, like a red blood cell, can generate. The researchers grew red blood cells from those stem cells and transfused them into two healthy volunteers. The transfusions involved only a tiny amount of blood: the equivalent of one or two teaspoons. A standard blood transfusion would involve many hundred times that amount. This stage of the trial involves two mini transfusions at least four months apart, one with a standard donation of red cells and the other with lab-made cells from the same donor.

The researchers are closely monitoring the volunteers to determine whether the process was safe. They say there have been with “no side effects” so far. They’re also watching how long the lab-grown cells last compared with an infusion (灌输) of standard red blood cells. Red blood cells typically last about 120 days, but a transfusion from a standard donation contains cells that are a variety of ages because the bone marrow (骨髓) continuously makes these cells.

Previous tests have shown that manufactured cells function like normal cells and that these lab-made cells are likely to survive longer overall while in circulation. This study will determine for the first time whether that’s true. Further trials will be necessary to determine whether there could be a clinical use of this lab-grown product.

The research could eventually make a difference to people with sickle cell disease, those who develop antibodies (抗体) against most donor blood types, or those with genetic disorders in which their body can’t make red blood cells or the blood cells they make don’t work well.

1. What function is expected of the lab-made red blood cells transfusion?

A．It may make it easier to get blood donors.

B．It may grow red blood cells from the stem cells.

C．It may end the dangerous transfusion reactions.

D．It may develop antibodies against many donor blood types.

2. What can be inferred about the experimental procedure?

A．It is widely considered not safe despite many experiments.

B．The two mini transfusions shouldn’t be carried out closely together.

C．The researchers transfused stem cells into volunteers to monitor them.

D．A standard blood transfusion only need to involve a tiny amount of blood.

3. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．The process of lab-made blood transfusions proves safe so far.

B．Lab-made cells survive longer overall than normal cells in circulation.

C．There are two mini transfusions with lab-made cells in the experiment.

D．The stem cells, as the body’s raw materials, can’t produce red1 blood cells.

4. What’s the passage mainly about?

A．A small amount of blood can make a difference.

B．Lab-made cells outweigh normal cells in a transfusion.

C．Lab-made cells can contribute to blood-related diseases.

D．Lab-made cell transfusions can replace normal blood donations.

4 . People have different ways of dealing with a common cold. Some take over the counter medicines such as aspirin while others try popular home remedies(治疗) like herbal tea or chicken soup. Yet here is the tough truth about the common cold: nothing really cures it.

So why do people sometimes believe that their remedies work? According to James Taylor, professor at the University of Washington, colds usually go away on their own in about a week, improving a little each day after symptoms peak, so it's easy to believe it's medicine rather than time that deserves the credit, USA Today reported.

It still seems hard to believe that we can deal with more serious diseases yet are powerless against something so common as a cold. Recently, scientists came closer to figure out why. To understand it, you first need to know how antiviral drugs work. They attack the virus by attaching to and changing the surface structures of the virus. To do that, the drug must fit and lock into the virus like the right piece of a jigsaw(拼图), which means scientists have to identify the virus and build a 3D model to study its surface before they can design an antiviral drug that is effective enough.

The two cold viruses that scientists had long known about were rhinovirus(鼻病毒) A and B. But they didn't find out about the existence of a third virus, rhinovirus C, until 2006. All three of them contribute to the common cold, but drugs that work well against rhinovirus A and B have little effect when used against rhinovirus C.

''This explains most of the previous failures of drug trials against rhinoviruses,'' study leader Professor Ann C. Palmenberg at the University of Wiscons in Madison, US, told Science Daily.

Now, more than 10 years after the discovery of rhinovirus C, scientists have finally built a highly detailed 3D model of the virus, showing that the surface of the virus is, as expected, different from that of other cold viruses.

With the model in hand, hopefully a real cure for a common cold is on its way. Soon, we may no longer have to waste our money on medicines that don't really work.

1. What does the author think of popular remedies for a common cold?

A．They are quite effective.	B．They are slightly helpful.
C．They actually have no effect.	D．They still need to be improved.

2. How do antiviral drugs work?

A．By breaking up cold viruses directly.

B．By changing the surface structures of the cold viruses.

C．By preventing colds from developing into serious diseases.

D．By absorbing different kinds of cold viruses at the same time.

3. What can we infer from the passage?

A．The surface of cold viruses looks quite similar.

B．Scientists have already found a cure for the common cold.

C．Scientists were not aware of the existence of rhinovirus C until recently.

D．Knowing the structure of cold viruses is the key to developing an effective cure.

4. What is the best title for this passage?

A．Drugs against cold viruses	B．Helpful home remedies
C．No current cure for common cold	D．Research on cold viruses

5 . NATURE has many ways of reminding us who is in charge. Her most deadly weapons — bacteria, viruses, and parasites (寄生虫) —claim millions of lives every year.

But thanks to the hard work of great scientists, mankind could turn nature against itself. And it is for exactly this sort of work that the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on Oct 5.

Half of the prize was awarded to the Irish William Campbell and the Japanese Satoshi Ōmura for discovering avermectin (阿维菌素), a drug that kills the parasitic worms that cause river blindness and lymphatic filariasis (象皮病). Chinese scientist Tu Youyou shared the other half of the prize for developing Artemisinin, a drug that helps kill the parasite that causes malaria.

Ōmura is a microbiologist by training. He studied Streptomyces bacteria to find compounds (化合物) that work against harmful microbes (微生物). Campbell, working in the US, took bacteria found by Ōmura and took out avermectin, which is effective against parasites in farm animals. An improved type of avermectin was later produced for humans, which greatly reduced the cases of river blindness and lymphatic filariasis.

Avermectin comes from bacteria, but artemisinin comes from plants. Its discovery was the result of Project 523, a Chinese government project to find a new malaria drug in the late 1960s.

Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease caused by parasites, which attack red blood cells, causing fever, and sometimes, brain damage and death. Tu and her team made 380 herbal extracts from 2,000 recipes from traditional Chinese medical books. In 1971, after more than 190 failures, Tu’s team finally found an extract that was 100 percent effective against malaria parasites. It was called qinghaosu, later renamed artemisinin. In 2001, the World Health Organization named artemisinin the first choice in the treatment of malaria.

Millions of people are still troubled by infections caused by parasites. But the WHO said that by 2013, malaria deaths had fallen by 47 percent compared with 2000. Similarly, river blindness used to be one of the leading causes of preventable blindness. These days, doctors are talking about chances of wiping the disease off Earth. All of these achievements would not be possible at all without the drugs that Campbell, Ōmura and Tu helped to discover.

1. The drug Tu Youyou developed, artemisinin, has proven effective in treating ______.

A．river blindness

B．malaria

C．lymphatic filariasis

D．infections caused by Streptomyces bacteria

2. Avermectin, discovered by Campbell and Ōmura, comes from ______.

A．bacteria

B．plants

C．farm animals

D．ocean animals

3. Which of the following is TRUE about the discovery of artemisinin?

A．It took Tu and her team about 10 years to discover artemisinin.

B．Tu and her team achieved success after about 380 failures.

C．Artemisinin has saved millions of people’s lives since its discovery.

D．Artemisinin was discovered thanks to the efforts of scientists from at home and abroad.

6 . RISE is an exciting project designed and led by young people，for young people.     1    .If you're aged between 16 and 25 years old，and are not in employment，education or training，RISE could help you learn new skills，and improve your prospects（前景）.

What you'll learn

St John Ambulance believes that everyone should have access to first aid，and as many people as possible should be equipped with the skills to be the difference between life and death.     2    .Then you'll also get the opportunity to develop new skills，gaining the confidence to train others in your community.

Choosing the right path for you

At the heart of the RISE project is a commitment（承诺）to peer to peer learning.     3    .RISE offers you the chance to gain a range of qualifications and to choose a path that helps you make the most of your talents.

Stick-it：    4    .You'll find out how to manage an incident and learn some of the most commonly needed first-aid skills. You'll focus on CPR，bleeding and dealing with an emergency on this six-hour course.

    5    ：A course designed for those who come into contact with children through their work or leisure activities. This short programme works by helping individuals to understand the unusual role they play in keeping children safe from harm.

A．Keeping children safe

B．Keeping in touch with the victims

C．The project is now available in communities across the country

D．So, as a participant you'll learn first aid through our Stick-it sessions

E．Stick-it sessions will cover all the approaches to training in RISE

F．Our one-day introduction focuses on gun-and knife-related injuries

G．You'll be given the skills and guidance to pass your knowledge on to other people in your community

7 . Accidents happen more often than you think. Every year in China, 3.2 million people die in accidents – that’s an average of six people per minute. Experts say that the 10 minutes after an accident can make the difference between life and death.     1    

The second Saturday of September is World First Aid Day. It fell on Sept 8 this year. First aid refers to the first steps taken to help someone who’s injured.     2    .   It also includes getting help, either by telling other people or calling 120.

    3    , do cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR, 心肺复苏), and treat things like burns, bleeding and broken bones. It takes as little as two hours to learn these skills.

    4    . You can also read books or watch videos that can be found on free apps like First Aid Manual (现场急救指南).    5    . The Peking Union Medical College Hospital offers these options.

“Learning first aid is good for everyone and it is better to start young,” Wang Jiangshan, a doctor in the hospital’s emergency room, told the China Youth Daily. “It can benefit oneself and others for the rest of one’s life.”

A．It includes keeping the person safe and staying calm

B．You can learn first aid by visiting the official website of China First Aid Training

C．This is why learning first aid is so important

D．Right now is a good time for us to learn more about first aid

E．Some hospitals also give courses or even hold first aid camps for kids

F．In the US, first aid is a basic skill that every student has to learn

G．Basic first aid training teaches you how to deal with emergencies

8 . Researchers have created a backpack that has a computer and medicines in it that can help even untrained soldiers save the lives of wounded troops. Wounded soldiers have a better chance of survival if they get help soon after being hurt and are quickly taken to a hospital or clinic. But soldiers who do not have medical training may not know how to help their injured friends.

Doctors and engineers have developed what they call an “intelligent backpack”. It has a computer and electronic measuring devices. The backpack also has robotic instruments and medicines ready to give to injured troops.

About 16 doctors and engineers from the University of Pittsburgh, Carnegie Mellon University and several other places are working on the project. The U. S. Department of Defense has given money to the project.

Ron Poropatich leads the project. He is a retired army surgeon. He says the backpack will help soldiers care for those who are injured. The devices included in the backpack can monitor a person’s heart rate and blood pressure. The robotic instruments can even tell whether the soldier has a collapsed lung.

The intelligent backpack’s computer can compare information gathered about the injured soldier with thousands of similar cases, and quickly tell the best methods to use to save the soldier’s life.

Sometimes, it is not always possible to quickly remove the injured soldier from the battlefield. So, Dr. Poropatich says, the researchers hope to create a backpack that will have devices that can keep a soldier alive for a long time. Dr. Poropatich hopes the backpack and its instruments will be ready for testing animals in about three years.

1. We can learn from Paragraph 1 _________.

A．most of the soldiers can’t use the backpack correctly

B．soldiers should have taken medical training

C．war or battle has brought harm to the world

D．the backpack can play a big part in the battlefield

2. How many kinds of items are mentioned in the backpack?

A．3.	B．4.
C．2.	D．5.

3. According to Ron Poropatich, we know that ________.

A．the injurer's heart disease can be cured

B．the devices can adjust soldiers’ blood pressure

C．the robotic instruments can monitor lungs

D．the project got support from the whole world

4. Which is the best title for the passage?

A．Emergency Medical Care in a Backpack.

B．Robotic Devices Used in the Battlefield.

C．Medical Care Tested on the Wounded Soldiers.

D．Researchers and Their Wonderful Discovery.

9 . With hospitals and nursing homes tending to thousands of patients every year accidents can and do happen. These incidents whether they are through carelessness or otherwise, can leave patients feeling powerless. That’s not the case.

“There is growing public awareness. People are feeling they have more rights and they have tools in hand to make a complaint,” said Ralph Montano, spokesman for the California Department of Public Health, which regulates hospitals and long-term care facilities in the state.

That department received more than 6000 complaints about hospitals in 2007; in the most recent year statistics are available. The complaints can be about mixed-up lab results, medicine errors, foreign objects left in a patient during surgery or a host of other topic.

Similarly, the California department of Aging received 43,000 nursing home complaints in 2014. Some said patient abuse or neglect of patients; others reported missing items. And some commented on the quality of the food.

But finding the channels through them to put forward a complaint can be tiring and time consumption. Many consumers simply don’t bother, and some become lost in the system. Whether the complaint is against a hospital or a long-term care facility, the process is similar—and many people can help, including the facility’s staff, insurance company representatives and state regulators.

If you want to make a complaint while in the hospital, Patti Harvey, vice president of quality and patient care services for Kaiser Permanente in Southern California, recommends talking with the bedside nurse. If that doesn’t work, you can talk with other people higher in the chain of command, up to the hospital administrator. If the problem isn’t still taken care of—say you disagree with your treatment plan or have a problem with your doctor—member service offices at each hospital can help address your concerns.

1. Why are there more complaints from patients?

A．Because there are more departments to deal with complaints.

B．Because in the hospital there are more accidents than before.

C．Because it’s convenient for people to put forward complaints.

D．Because hospitals have more and more rights.

2. Many consumers don't make a complaint because ________.

A．complaints are bad for a long-term care facility

B．few accidents happen

C．many complaints are lost

D．it takes time to make a complaint

3. The last paragraph mainly tells us ________.

A．to solve problems with the hospital quickly

B．something about Patti Harvey

C．how to make complaints in the hospital

D．we should say we disagree with the treatment plan

4. Who can help if you complain against a hospital or a long-term care facility?

A．Jack—a representative of an insurance company.

B．Peter—a medical officer from the government.

C．Rudy—a headmaster of a medical university.

D．Tom—a teacher of a medical school.