【推荐1】How to Succeed in Science

To succeed in science, you need a lot more than luck. In my view, you have to combine intelligence with a willingness not to follow conventions when they block your path forward. Thus, these have come to be my rules for success.

    1    That might sound proud, but the fact is that you must always turn to people who are brighter than yourself. It's like playing any game. Even as a child, I never wanted to play games with anyone who was as bad as I was. If you win, it gives you no pleasure. And in the game of science or life, the highest goal isn't simply to win; it's to win at something really difficult.     2    

Take risks.

To make a huge success, a scientist has to be prepared to get into deep trouble. If you are going to make a huge jump in science, you will very likely be unqualified to succeed by definition.     3     This can be more than personally upsetting.

Never do anything that bores you.

My experience in science is that someone is always telling you to do things, and then leave you alone.     4    

It's very hard to succeed if you don't want to be with other scientists—you have to go to key meetings where you spot key facts that would have escaped you. And you have to chat with your competitors, even if you find them objectionable. So my final rule is:     5    

A．Avoid foolish people.

B．Meet challenges with great courage.

C．I'm not good enough to do well in something I dislike.

D．If you can't stand to be with your peers, get out of science.

E．Be sure you always have someone to save you from a deep mess.

F．Besides, you even have to be prepared to disbelieve your scientific heroes.

G．To put it another way, it's to go somewhere beyond your ability and come out on top.

【推荐3】During the holidays or festivals, most of us get time away from work or university and we all intend to put this time off to good use, but it’s not always easy. How to keep up with your courses, as well as the festive activities and celebrations?     1    .

Create a schedule and follow it.     2    , it’s easy to lose track of the hours and days. To avoid this, try to plan your schedule beforehand. Mark certain days, or hours, as learning hours and set reminders on your phone or in your diary so that you can stick to them. By doing this you can easily balance learning with festive activities. This is very important when you want to combine work and pleasure during the holidays.

    3    . What do you want to achieve at the end of the holiday period? Try setting yourself a goal. You can write your goal out nice and big on a note or a piece of paper and stick it somewhere you can see it, so you’re reminded of what you’re working towards.

Take it step by step. A key thing to remember over the holidays is that you can learn something in a few short bursts.     4    . If sitting down for a solid hour of learning isn’t working for you, just try 10 minutes at breakfast, lunch and dinner.

Don’t forget to reward yourself.     5    , try making sure you have rewards for when you complete some learning. For instance, if you finish one third of today’s lesson, you can have a cup of hot chocolate. Little rewards can help keep you active if you are struggling.

A．Think of a goal

B．Here are a few ways to help you

C．Arrange your plan randomly during the holiday

D．Learning doesn’t have to take over your whole day

E．Remember to try to get recognition and reward from others

F．If you’re still struggling to keep going with your learning

G．When you’re in holiday mode

【推荐1】Pioneers of the research that led to one of the first COVID-19 vaccines (疫苗) say breakthroughs obtained in their studies could point the way toward developing a potential vaccine against cancer before the end of the decade.

Ugur Sahin and Ozlem Tureci, co-founders of BioNTech said technology they had developed could aid the immune (免疫) system respond to cancer cells. The mRNA COVID-19 vaccine stimulates cells to generate spike proteins, which warn the body’s immune system about things to look out for and to attack.

It is hoped that this could be reworked using proteins found in cancer tumor (肿瘤) cells, causing a similar bodily defensive action.

BioNTech was founded in 2008 specifically to work on cancer treatments. “Our focus has always been on achieving the full potential of the body’s immune system to successfully help handle cancer and infectious diseases,” says the company website.

Some of those earlier cancer vaccine developments have reached the clinical trial stage. “As scientists we are always hesitant to say we will have a cure for cancer,” said Tureci. “We have gained a mass of breakthroughs and we will continue to work on them. . . this will definitely quicken also our cancer vaccine.”

Luke O’Neill, professor of biochemistry at Trinity College Dublin, said that such a breakthrough would be “the Holy Grail” of cancer research, He added that it enabled the body to recognize a cancer tumor as a foreign element, in the same way it had done with COVID-19, and to respond accordingly, so that the immune system could be “trained” to “hunt down” the abnormal presence.

What made the potential breakthrough even more inspiring, he said, was that any treatment could be personalized to work on an individual cancer patient’s specific circumstances. “You can take someone who’s got cancer, take their own tumor and make an RNA vaccine out of that and improve their own immune system specifically against their own tumor. That’s a really awesome thing to see,” he added.

1. What has been BioNTech’s mission since its establishment?

A．To develop the COVID-19 vaccine.	B．To understand the immune system.
C．To explore treatments for cancer.	D．To detect the tumour cells.

2. Which of the following options can best describe Ozlem Tureci?

A．Cautious and committed.	B．Gifted and ambitious.
C．Passionate and critical.	D．Brave and competitive.

3. What can be learnt about Luke O’Neill?

A．He developed an effective COVID-19 vaccine.

B．He held a positive attitude to BioNTech’s study.

C．He contributed significantly to BioNTech’s research.

D．He trained the immune system to hunt the abnormal presence.

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．BioNTech suceeds in developing cancer vaccines.

B．COVID-19 research brings hope for cancer treatment.

C．COVID-19 vaccines help bodies respond to cancer cells.

D．BioNTech makes breakthroughs in COVID-19 vaccines.