1 . More than 60 years and almost 1,200 donations later, Harrison, whose blood contains an antibody (抗体) that has saved the lives of 2.4 million babies from miscarriages (流产), retired as a blood donor on May 11. Harrison’s blood is valuable because he naturally produces Rh-negative blood, which contains Rh-positive antibodies. His blood has been used to create anti-D in Australia since 1967.
“Every bottle of anti-D ever made in Australia has James in it,” Robyn Barlow, the Rh program director told the Sydney Morning Herald. “It’s an amazing thing. He has saved millions of babies. I cry just thinking about it.” Since then, Harrison has donated between 500 and 800 milliliters of blood almost every week. “I’d keep going if they let me,” Harrison told the Herald. His doctors said it was time to stop the donations. They had already extended the age limit for blood donations for him, and they’re cutting him off now to protect his health.
What can we learn from the underlined sentence in paragraph 3?A.Robyn Barlow was sad because millions of babies suffer from blood disease. |
B.Robyn Barlow was worried because Harrison may die of losing too much blood. |
C.Robyn Barlow was moved by Harrison’s donations. |
D.Robyn Barlow was frightened by Harrison’s crazy behavior. |
1. What’s wrong with the woman?
A.She has a headache. |
B.She has a stomachache. |
C.She has a toothache. |
A.Four days. |
B.Less than eight weeks. |
C.More than five months. |
A.It hurts seriously. |
B.It occurs once in a while. |
C.It never stops. |
A.Disappointing. | B.Unusual. | C.Satisfying. |
1. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A.Doctor and patient. | B.Father and daughter. | C.Manager and secretary. |
A.She is running a fever. | B.She is having a toothache. | C.She is having a sore throat. |
A.Take some pills twice a day. |
B.Take a good rest for a couple of days. |
C.Drink plenty of water and have fried food. |
1. What is Penny’s current problem?
A.She has a toothache. |
B.She has a sore throat. |
C.She has an earache. |
A.Once a day. | B.Twice a day. | C.Three times a day. |
A.On Monday. | B.On Tuesday. | C.On Thursday. |
A.Make an appointment. |
B.Go to the medicine shop. |
C.Take the medicine properly. |
A.Attend a meeting. | B.Watch a basketball match. | C.Rest for a couple of hours. |
7 . Growing up in a small village in Ghana, Osei Boateng watched many of his family members and neighbors struggle to access basic health care. In many regions of the country, it can take hours to get to the nearest hospital. “My grandmother was a very big part of my life,” said Boateng. “It was very hard when we lost her, and it was due to something that could have been easily prevented. That is the painful part of it.”
Feeling an urgent call to help, Boateng decided he would make it his life’s mission to bring health care to remote communities in Ghana. He started his nonprofit, OKB Hope Foundation, and in 2021, he converted a van into a mobile doctor’s office called the Hope Health Van and started bringing health care directly to those in need. A few times a week, the mobile clinic and medical team travel long distances to remote communities in Ghana and provide routine medical care for free. On each trip, Boateng’s team consists of a nurse, a physician’s assistant, a doctor, and an operation assistant. In the van, they can run basic labs like bloodwork and urinalysis as well as prescribe and provide medications.
Since its launch, Boateng says the Hope Health Van has served more than 4,000Ghanaians across more than 45 rural communities who otherwise don’t have easily accessible medical care.
Boateng has big plans for the future. He hopes to expand to provide more consistent and high-quality medical care not only to those living in remote areas of Ghana but in other countries as well. He has gone all in on his OKB Hope Foundation, recently quitting his job to dedicate his time to bringing health care to his home country. But for him, the sacrifices are well worth the reward.
1. Why is Boateng’s grandmother mentioned?A.To show his deep love. | B.To highlight the poor health care. |
C.To call for equality. | D.To blame the government. |
A.Routine medical checks. | B.Prescribed medicine. |
C.Minor operations. | D.Mental therapy. |
A.Conservative and cautious. | B.Selfless and risky. |
C.Caring and tolerant. | D.Devoted and ambitious. |
A.Hopeless health care in Ghana | B.Nonprofit organizations booming in Ghana |
C.Doctor’s office on wheels | D.Empowering medical schools |
A.A hotel. | B.An airport. | C.A hospital. |
9 . When delivering medications to patients, one of the most effective methods is direct injection into the bloodstream using a needle. Now, researchers from China and Switzerland have designed a needle-free alternative: a tiny, drug-filled cup that sticks to the inside of the cheek like an octopus sucker (章鱼吸盘). The device is easily accessible, can be removed at any time and prevents saliva (唾液) from dissolving the drug, which gets absorbed through the lining of the inner cheek.
“Oral delivery is really kind of a holy grail,” says Arturo Vegas, a chemist at Boston University. “It’s still the preferred form of administration for patients… which means higher compliance, better outcomes for the patient, less adverse effects overall.”
Usually, delivering drugs through the dense, inner cheek tissue is not very effective. But the suction cup stretches the cheek, creating a larger surface area for the drug to pass through.
To test the design, the team 3D printed their rubber, 1.1-by 0.6-centimeter suckers. They loaded each with the diabetes drug desmopressin and stuck them inside the cheeks of three beagles (小猎兔犬), which have similar inner cheeks to humans. For comparison, they also delivered the drug to beagles via a pill and via injection. After three hours, the team found that drug plasma concentrations in dogs with the patch were more than 150 times higher than in the dogs that took a tablet.
“We were really impressed by the level of absorption that we would get with such a simple system,” said Jean-Christophe Leroux, a co-author of the study. However, the oral patches were less effective than drugs delivered via injection.
The team further tested the patches by filling them with the drug semaglutide, which has molecules (分子) four times larger than desmopressin does. After 30 minutes, they found that beagles with the patch had a similar amount of semaglutide absorbed by the bloodstream as those that took a tablet.
Though the patches need further testing to determine how repeated use affects patients, the researchers conclude that their technique is “non-invasive, simple and readily self-applicable by patients”.
1. Which of the following is the advantage of the device?A.It is organic. | B.It is easy to use. |
C.It is inexpensive. | D.It is free of side effects. |
A.It is made from a special rubber. | B.It softens the dense, inner cheek tissue. |
C.It prevents saliva from dissolving the drug. | D.It expands the area for the drug to be absorbed. |
A.Drug plasma concentrations increase as time goes by. |
B.The three beagles have similar inner cheeks to each other. |
C.The device may work better for drugs with small molecules. |
D.Researchers injected different drugs to beagles in the first test. |
A.Whether it can be used repeatedly. | B.How it can help patients recover sooner. |
C.When it can be put into wide application. | D.What can be done to improve its efficiency. |
1. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A.Their vets. | B.Money spent on pets. | C.Ways to buy dogs’ medicines. |
A.Brett. | B.Fargo. | C.Ferguson. |
A.The limited services. |
B.The prices her vet charged. |
C.The difficulty of getting an appointment. |
A.Going to his vet. | B.Looking online. | C.Going to a special pet store. |