1.学校体育活动的安排情况; 2.体育活动对学生的意义;3.你最喜欢的一项体育活动。
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Dear Tom,
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Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
2 . It can be incredibly difficult to encourage ourselves to go for a run during winter, particularly when it’s wet and windy outside. But new research has found that even a super-quick run could have great health benefits. In fact, it seems that just a 10-minute session will not only make us feel better, but could actually improve brain health, too. Now, we all know that exercise can improve mental and physical health in many ways.
But when it comes to mental well-being, there’s been relatively little research done on the specific benefits of running, compared with other physical activities, such as cycling. So this was something put to the test during a recent study. Researchers from University of Tsukuba in Japan asked participants (参加者) to run on a treadmill (跑步机) for just 10 minutes. They then had to take a Stroop Color and Word Test which is used to measure reaction time in brain processing. Results showed there was a highest point in self-reported pleasure and an increase in degree of activity of the brain.
In other words, runners were found to have an increase in blood flow in the part of the brain that’s associated with dealing with functions and controlling mood (情绪). Researchers then compared these results to a similar study on cycling, which also showed improved cognition (认知), but no mood improvement. Therefore, it seems various types of exercise can make us feel differently.
The authors noted, “Given exercise is medicine, the effects of drugs differ depending on the type of drug, and different types of exercise such as running and cycling should be observed to have different effects on mental health and brain functions as well.”
So pushing ourselves to get outside for a run really will make us feel better, probably more than other fitness activities. And these findings show that we don’t necessarily need to do a lot of exercise to feel the benefit of it.
1. What did the new research find?| A．Running fast benefits all of us. |
| B．Running is the best exercise. |
| C．A short time run can be beneficial. |
| D．A healthy mind encourages us to run. |
| A．By using different drugs on participants. |
| B．By interviewing some sportsmen. |
| C．By collecting information on the Internet. |
| D．By doing experiments and comparisons. |
| A．Cycling. | B．Medicine. | C．Blood flow. | D．Colors. |
| A．We should go for a run in winter. |
| B．Running really benefits us mentally. |
| C．We don’t need a lot of exercise. |
| D．Running on a treadmill is better than running outside. |
3 . More and more people around the world are joining in dangerous sports. Some people climbed the highest mountains; some traveled to unknown parts of the world; some sailed small boats across the largest sea. Now some people begin to look for new excitement.
Bungee jumping and motorcycle racing (摩托车赛) are quite thrilling sports. Bungee jumping only lasts for a few minutes or even seconds. You jump from a high place, about 200 meters above the ground, and there is a rubber band (橡胶带子) tied to your legs. When you jump down, the rubber band pulls you up. About 2,000,000 people around the world have tried bungee jumping.
Why do people join in these dangerous sports? Some scientists say that it is because modern life has become safe and it is not interesting. In the past, people lived in danger. They had to go out and look for food, and life was like a fight but was interesting.
Many people think that there is little excitement in life. They live and work in safe places, buy food in shops, and there are doctors and hospitals to look after them if they become ill.
1. People like to join in dangerous sports because ________.| A．they have a lot of free time |
| B．they can go to the hospital if they are hurt |
| C．they need excitement |
| D．they don’t need to look for food |
| A．safe | B．dangerous | C．beautiful | D．ancient |
| A．everyone’s life is dangerous now. |
| B．many people live and work in safe places. |
| C．many people buy food in shops. |
| D．people can go to see the doctors when they become ill. |
1. What muscles does the man often work out?
| A．Back muscles. | B．Leg muscles. | C．Arm muscles. |
| A．They usually charge too much money. |
| B．They always lack fitness equipment. |
| C．They are just places for talks. |
5 . If this time last year you had told me that an exercise bike would save me, I’d have insisted you were wrong. I’d have protested that I’m not an athlete by any stretch. My coordination is lacking, my endurance is spotty (时好时坏的) and my speed is set squarely (干脆地) on tortoise.
In Grade 7, my physical education teacher watched me, eyebrow raised, as I tried to jump up and touch a marker on the wall. “You’re doing pretty well in my class,” he said, “for someone with no ability at all.”
In high school, I wasn’t suitable for a single team. I was bookish and slow, and that self-image (of being better suited to quiet reading and leisurely walks) remained with me for my entire life.
I discovered running in my 20s, and I enjoyed the feeling of quiet accomplishment — without the fear of letting down teammates. I tried yoga and enjoyed strength training classes, but I always prioritized mental pursuits over physical ones.
It was my mental wellness that finally forced me to rethink my fitness. This winter, I found myself bowing under the weight of exhaustion. I knew something had to change. I needed an outlet to release the tension of months of video conferencing, on-and-off solo parenting and virtual school. A run with my daughter wasn’t going to cut it.
I settled on an exercise bike with a big screen and the promise of life-changing results. Since early March, I’ve hardly missed a day on my bike. I’m not the fastest. But I’m finally learning that movement isn’t necessarily about athleticism (运动才能). More than anything, it’s about feeding your mind. It’s the feeling of accomplishment when you finish something hard outside of your comfort zone.
A handful of people will find glory in athleticism. For the rest of us, the reward is more personal: better sleep, improved mood and boosted confidence. I’m not destined (注定的) for the Olympics. But this was never about ability. That’s what I wish my gym teacher had told me.
If only he’d said, “You’re doing really well in my class. Look at your determination.”
1. Why didn’t the author exercise before her 20s?| A．She had no athletic talent. |
| B．She thought little of physical pursuits. |
| C．She focused on academic performance. |
| D．She wasn’t accepted by a single sports team. |
| A．Her fear of getting sick. |
| B．Her daughter’s suggestions. |
| C．Her longing to let go of pressure. |
| D．Her desire to get out of her comfort zone. |
| A．She discovered her athleticism. |
| B．She quickly improved her cycling skills. |
| C．She gained a sense of accomplishment. |
| D．She was praised by her gym teacher. |
| A．Ability. | B．Confidence. | C．Strength. | D．Strong will. |
6 . Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says. According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,0000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.
1. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?| A．They must run long distances. |
| B．They have to follow special rules. |
| C．They are qualified for the marathon. |
| D．They are good at swinging their legs. |
| A．It’s less challenging physically. |
| B．It’s more popular at the Olympics. |
| C．It’s less likely to cause knee injuries. |
| D．It’s more effective in body building. |
| A．Doing regular exercises. | B．Having a medical checkup. |
| C．Hiring an experienced coach. | D．Getting experts’ opinions. |
| A．Objective. | B．Doubtful. |
| C．Tolerant. | D．Supportive. |
7 . Canyoning
The sports of canyoning (蹦谷) explore the high-energy environment where water meets rock on the coast. Protected by wetsuits and helmets, people jump from cliffs and waterfalls and discover caves that would not normally be arrived at.
It was first done in the U.K. by TYF Adventure (01437 721611, www.tyf.com) and several thousand people jump from the cliffs near St David’s each year. A half day canyoning trip costs ￡50 (￡30 for children under 16).
Diving
Diving is not popular with British people. The difficulties of wild waters are greater because the water is colder and not clear enough, but the coasts of Cornwall, Wales and Scotland have some of the best diving in the world.
The British Sub Aqua Club (0870 112 9133, www.bsac.com) and the Professional Association of Diving Instructors (01580 819688, www.padi.com) run courses teaching the important skills.
Surfing
The best surfing places in the UK are on the southwest coast where it is warmer, especially in Cornwall. The best time of year to surf in the UK is late summer and autumn.
The British Surfing Association (01479 861256, www.britsurf.co.uk) has a list of famous surf schools around the country.
Rock climbing
The most popular natural rocks in Britain include the Peak District, the Lake District, while large areas of Scotland are a climber’s ideal place. Climbing courses and climbing walls can be found on the website of the British Mountaineering Council (0870 010 4878, www.thebmc.co.uk).
1. If a couple with their child of 15 join in Canyoning for a day, they will pay ________.| A．￡130 | B．￡160 | C．￡260 | D．￡320 |
| A．Canyoning. | B．Diving. | C．Surfing. | D．Rock climbing. |
| A．Visitors who want to pay a visit to Britain |
| B．Visitors in Britain who are keen on extreme sports |
| C．Chinese students who are interested in British culture |
| D．Travelers who are enthusiastic about camping in China |
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Today I want to talk about exercise between classes specially designing for primary and middle school students. Exercise between classes are an important part of our school life and contains basic movement pattern like jumping and running. Usually we do it in the morning in music. I think it is necessarily and lovely to do it. First, with the famous saying goes, “Life lies in exercise.” To keep physically fit, we must involve us in regular sports practice. What’s more, not only exercise make us feel relaxed but it also makes a difference to our moods. Besides, by taking exercise, and we will learn very more about teamwork and self-control.
9 . Most young people enjoy some form of physical activity. It may be walking, cycling, or swimming, or in winter, skating or skiing.
Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment.
Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risks on high mountains? This astonishment is caused probably by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity from which men get their relaxation.
Mountaineering is a sport but not a game. There are no man-made rules, as there are for such games as golf and football. There are, of course, rules of a different kind which it would be dangerous to ignore, but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people.
If we compare mountaineering with other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a “team game”.
The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man.
A mountain climber continues to improve skills year after year. A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty, and most international tennis champions are in their early twenties.
| A．We should be mistaken in this. |
| B．He has to fight the forces of nature. |
| C．Teams compete against each other. |
| D．Climbing high mountains needs patience, skills and strength. |
| E．Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods. |
| F．It may be a game of some kind football, hockey, golf, or tennis. |
| G．But it is not unusual for men of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps. |
The best way to deal with sports injuries is to stop them happening in the first place. Knowing the rules of the game you’re playing and using the right
Your first question after a sports injury will
