2 . Today, there are numerous ways to exercise and stay healthy. From working out in a gym to riding a bike to work, staying active may have never been easier. Despite all this, a new study finds Americans are actually much less active than their ancestors 200 years ago. In fact, researchers from Harvard University say the average American stays physically active for 30 fewer minutes than people did in 1820.

The team came to this conclusion after examining historical data which shows that body temperature among Americans has been falling for years. The results of a Stanford University report showed that the average body temperature of Americans has dropped from the age-old 98. 6 degrees Fahrenheit to about 97. 5 degrees.

They also looked at changes in metabolic rates (代谢率), which measure how physically active people are. Researchers found that the resting metabolic rate-the total number of calories the body burns while completely at rest-has declined by six percent since 1820. Researchers say metabolism plays a key role in producing bod heat and much of this depends on how active a person is.

So what’s the cause of all this? “Instead of walking to work, we take cars or trains; instead of physical labor in factories, we use machines,” says lead author Andrew K. Yegian. “We’ve made technology do our physical activity for us. Our hope is that this helps people think more about the long-term changes of activity that have come with our changes in lifestyle and technology.”

The team also pulled data from two other studies to come up with an estimate of how much exercise Americans got in 1820 in comparison to today. “This will bring great benefits to my field of work because it can help us assess just how much increases in the incidence (发生率) of heart disease and Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆症) is related to decreases in physical activity,” says Daniel E. Lieberman.

1. What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?

A．Americans’ lifestyle is changing.

B．There are different ways to exercise.

C．Humans’ physical condition is getting worse.

D．Americans do not exercise as much as they used to.

2. Why does the author use two figures in Paragraph 2?

A．To provide an example.

B．To support a conclusion.

C．To introduce a topic.

D．To explain a rule.

3. What results in Americans becoming less active according to Andrew K. Yegian?

A．The use of technology.

B．Americans’ health condition.

C．Americans’ plain laziness.

D．A lack of time.

4. What can we infer about Lieberman from the text?

A．He likes physical exercise.

B．He suffers from Alzheimer’s.

C．He works in the medical field.

D．He is a patient with heart disease.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Eric Zhang was born in Chongqing, in southern China, and grew up     1    (enjoy) warm-weather activities. But now, he’s raising his twin toddlers in China as lovers of winter sports.

The timing couldn’t be     2    (good), as China is now hosting the Winter Olympics in Beijing. A new generation of Chinese kids is watching athletes like Eileen Gu win gold medals and beginning to dream about its own     3    (athlete)achievements. Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chongqing, Shenzhen, Beijing and Shenyang — China’s biggest cities — are now home to places     4     adults and kids alike can play in the snow, even when it’s 80 degrees Fahrenheit outside.

Chinese social media is also a source of     5    (inspire), with Weibo and WeChat users sharing photos of their latest skiing and snowboarding trips.

In recent years, the national government has taken steps     6    (promote) winter sports in China as part of its Olympics campaign. More than 300 million Chinese people     7     (take) part in winter sports since Beijing won its Olympics bid seven years ago.

    8    , the rapid growth of the indoor winter sports industry has come at a price. Many of the domestic ski resorts and skating rinks in China are not as up-to-date as     9    (that) in more established areas in Europe or North America. The quality of facilities can be uneven, and building too many too quickly can also be bad for the environment — making large quantities of artificial snow     10     (require) an immense amount of water.

4 . The sport with the funny name that’s sweeping America

An estimated 4.8 million people in the US now play pickleball.    1    , making it the country’s fastest-growing sport. Here’s something about the emerging sport with the out-way name.

What’s pickleball?

Pickleball is a mashup of tennis, ping pong and badminton that can be played indoors or outdoors, by single players or in pairs. It’s played on a court with a low net — 34 inches high at its center.     2    . Players use a perforated plastic ball and wooden paddles that are about twice the size of ping pong paddles.   The goal is to hit the ball over the net — but within the boundaries of the court — and prevent your opponent from hitting it back.

How did it get its name?

Accounts vary on the name’s origin.    3    . One story says the sport was named for a family dog named Pickles, who loved chasing the plastic ball and running off with it. The game ball sort of became Pickles’ ball — hence the name.

Why is it so popular?

    4    . Firstly, it’s fun and social, and the rules are easy for beginners to learn. Secondly, players can pick up the sport in a single session and don’t need any expensive equipment or special clothes — just sneakers and comfortable clothing. What’s more, the small court means little running around. This has made the sport especially popular with older players whose stiff backs or aching knees make it harder for them to move around larger tennis courts.    5    .

A．But one thing’s for sure: There were no pickles involved

B．Participation has increased by 39.3% in the past two years

C．The pickleball popularity has been fueled by several factors

D．And today, partly because of the pandemic, it’s having a moment

E．The pickleball court is the same size as a doubles badminton court

F．It’s played in 70 countries and growing, according to the International Federation of Pickleball

G．The demand for safe, distanced activities during the pandemic has also helped fuel the sport’s growth

5 . 举世瞩目的北京冬奥会已经落下帷幕，杭州亚运会也进入了倒计时。请你以“Great sports events and health”为题写一篇短文向校英文报投稿，内容包括：
1.举办体育盛会的意义；
2.强身健体的重要性；
3.呼吁大家多锻炼身体。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Great sports events and health

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6 . Cycling is a healthy and fun activity that can be enjoyed by anyone. It is also cheap and very good for the environment. Are you wondering whether you should start cycling?

It will improve your cardiovascular（心血管的）health.     1     That's because when you're cycling, your heart will beat much faster than it usually does, which is something that promotes good heart health.

It will strengthen and tone your muscles. Working out regularly will help you to keep a lean body. When you are cycling you are not only exercising the muscles in the front of your legs, but also in your back, arms, and core.     2     A number of studies have shown that the more someone cycles, the healthier their muscles are.

    3     There is a lot of scientific research that supports the idea that exercising helps to decrease stress levels. Therefore, if you find that you are getting stressed too often, then you should consider purchasing a bike and going for a cycle two to three times a week.

It improves your brain power. Cycling is an activity that helps with the formation of brain cells in your hippocampus（海马体）, the area of your brain that is used for memory and starts to decline once you pass thirty.     4     Researchers also have found that just a 5％ increase in cardiorespiratory（心肺的）fitness from jumping on a bike can lead to a 15% increase in mental tests.

It will help you lose weight. If you want to burn off those extra calories, then cycling is a great way to do so. A person who cycles at a speed of 10mph for an hour will burn around 260 calories.     5    

A．It helps to ease your anxiety.

B．It will keep you self-motivated.

C．It really is a total body workout.

D．So, you'll be desperate to go out there and buy yourself a bike.

E．Charles Hillman claimed that cycling helps to decrease the risk of memory loss.

F．Those who cycle a lot are less likely to suffer from heart attacks or have a stroke.

G．However, just because you hope to keep the pounds off via cycling, you aren't allowed to eat whatever you like.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Alpine skiing is a snow sport that perfectly combines speed and skills. As one of the most     1    (complicate) winter sports in the world, which     2     (require) great organizing efforts, it is known as “the pearl on the crown of the Winter Olympics Games.” In order to adapt to steeper slopes (更陡的坡) and varied grounds, alpine skiers use modern alpine skis and improved turning     3    (technique).

In competitions, skiers are required to ski downhill along a set route, pass through gates and make turns along the way.     4     finishes within the shortest time wins. In alpine skiing, there are speed events and technical events. Downhill and super-G are speed events. For downhill, skiers go     5     very high speeds, and the course is the     6     (long) and has the largest vertical (垂直的) drop. Super-G courses have more gates and     7     smaller vertical drop.

As the competitions take place in cold high mountains, alpine skiing is a sport which is likely    8     (affect) by weather conditions. When       9     (encounter) extreme weather conditions such as heavy snow, fog, strong wind, or sudden warming, the competition may be     10    (temporary) suspended (中止), rescheduled, or even canceled altogether.