1 . China is expected to restructure its industry and energy mix during the 14th Five-Year Plan period（2021-2025）to lay a solid foundation for peaking carbon dioxide emissions before 2030, a climate change expert has said.

The best possible situation is that China will achieve zero growth in coal consumption during the period, and see usage peak and begin to decline by 2025, according to He Jiankun, deputy director of China's national expert committee on climate change.

During the period, China should promote the development of the digital, high-tech and modern services industries, while the expansion of high energy-consuming industries such as the steel and chemical industries should be controlled, said the expert.

That is because China is still in the industrialization and urbanization stage and requires significant infrastructure construction, He added, noting that a large portion of carbon emissions in China are created during the building process rather than being a result of the people's consumption needs.

The adjustment and upgrading of the industrial structure will be promoted so that energy consumption per unit of GDP will drop rapidly and total energy consumption growth will be controlled, He said.

China has announced that it will make efforts to bring carbon dioxide emissions to a peak before 2030 and become carbon neutral(中和)before 2060.

The carbon emissions target means a nationwide peak by the deadline, but at the regional level, the progress will surely be staggered given differences in resources and economic development stages, said He, stressing the need to take a diverse and inclusive approach that coordinates(协调)emission cuts with development.

Relatively developed regions in east China are expected to be among the first to reach a peak as they take the lead in economic transformation, and another group of front-runners will be from the country's renewable energy-rich southwest, said He.

Since the carbon peak and carbon neutrality targets were set, local governments have engaged in making plans at the provincial and city level, the expert said.

He urged local authorities to "suppress the impulse" to expand capacity in energy-intensive heavy and chemical industries, and speed up the formation of a green, low-carbon circular industrial system.

1. What are the two goals of 2030 and 2060 respectively?

A．Peak carbon emission and achieve carbon neutrality.

B．Suppress the impulse to expand and boost the green system

C．Adjust the industrial structure and upgrade the structure

D．Relieve poverty and achieve the whole nation's well-being.

2. What does the word underlined "stagger" mean?

A．speed up in efficiency

B．influence positively

C．perform slowly

D．vary in time

3. China will do the following to achieve its climate goal EXCEPT_________

A．China will promote low-carbon industries.	B．China will improve its industrial structure.
C．China will control the development of heavy industry	D．China will put emission cuts first in its development.

4. Where could most probably the passage be picked from?

A．Fashion

B．Reader's Digest

C．China Daily

D．Science Magazine

2 . Can plastic recycling reduce the import of oil? The United States Environmental Protection Agency says only seven percent of plastic waste in the United States is recycled each year. A new company in northern New York says it can increase that percentage. It also says it can help the United States reduce the amount of oil it imports.

The company has a machine called the “plastic-eating monster”. Every hour, thousands of kilograms of milk jugs, water bottles, and grocery bags are fed into the machine. The plastic waste comes from landfills across the United States.

John Bordynuik runs the company, called JBI Inc. Mr. Bordynuik has invented a new process of turning plastic into fuel. First, many different kinds of unwashed plastics are melted together. Mr. Bordynuik uses a special chemical to turn the fluid into a vapor. This reduces the plastic to its most basic elements. “Plastics are just long hydrocarbon chains. What we’re doing is re-forming them into links and chains that we want so they have a high fuel value.” Eight percent of the recycled plastic is used to run the system. Independent testers say eighty-six percent of what goes in comes out as fuel.

JBI produces several thousand liters of fuel a day. It creates different grades of fuel for different industries. It sells the fuel for up to one hundred dollars a barrel(桶). Each barrel costs about ten dollars to produce. John Bordynuik believes plastics will become an important source of fuel for the United States. He says this will reduce the country’s dependence on foreign oil and reduce the amount of plastic waste in its landfills.

Scientists say plastic-to-oil technology is still new and developing. They say it is not yet known if the process is environmentally friendly. And some question whether turning plastic into oil can even be considered “recycling”. Carson Maxted says because there is a lot of plastic waste and a great demand for oil, JBI’s recycling technology may create great changes in both industries. “So they’re getting value from something that would otherwise go to the landfill, things that wouldn’t be accepted into a recycling plant.”

1. What are Paragraphs 2 and 3 mainly about?

A．The formation of JBI.

B．The way to melt plastic.

C．The process of turning plastic into fuel.

D．The process of inventing the plastic-eating monster.

2. What’s John Bordynuik’s attitude toward plastic recycling?

A．Critical.	B．Positive.
C．Negative.	D．Indifferent.

3. What can we infer from what Carson Maxted said?

A．Plastic-to-oil technology can reduce plastic waste.

B．Plastic-to-oil technology is getting value from the landfill.

C．Plastic-to-oil technology is considered to be recycling.

D．Plastic-to-oil technology is regarded as environmentally friendly.

4. How does the author mainly support his idea?

A．By listing facts.	B．By analyzing causes.
C．By making comparison.	D．By providing an example.

3 . A Green and Level Field

Since the EU launched its emissions trading system in 2005, industries have followed divergent greenhouse-gas trajectories. The power sector has cut them by half. Among cement and steelmakers, which got free allowances for four-fifths of their exhausts to stop the shift of production abroad, they have barely budged.

    1     In July, the EU’s executive arm proposed new rules to help the bloc meet its goal of cutting emissions by 55% from levels in 1990 by 2030. One proposal would withdraw free allowances for producers of aluminium, cement, fertiliser, iron and steel, and levy import tariffs on these products based on their carbon content. This “carbon border adjustment mechanism” （CBAM）aims to level the playing field. If enacted, CBAM would not start until 2026 and take a decade to roll out. Still, it is a test case that governments and firms elsewhere will study.

ICIS, a research firm, predicts that by 2030 CBAM-covered companies will receive 145m fewer tonnes of annual allowances than they would have done. That adds up to about €12bn（$14.2n）a year, or 2% of the newly covered sectors’ sales. Four-fifths of the burden will fall on steel and cement.

Heavy industry may pass the costs of CBAM to EU firms that use the carbon-intensive inputs.     2     Not everyone agrees. Farmers and unions are furious. Pekka pesonen, head of Copa Cogeca, a farmers’ lobby, says that fertilisers account for about 35% of the cost of crops such as wheat. The CBAM would thus make it harder to compete with cheaper foreign grain. And the costs will be hard to pass on, because consumers are reluctant to pay more for low carbon products, says Mr Pesonen.

Some trade groups are responding by lobbying lawmakers. With some success: in March the European Parliament passed a non-binding vote to keep the free allowances. Others will hedge by buying extra allowances when carbon prices are low, as power companies now do routinely.     3     In May Thyssen krupp of Germany teamed up with the Port of Rotterdam to import renewable hydrogen to make green steel. Antoine Vagneur Jones of Bloom-bergnef, a research firm, identifies 24 small-scale hydrogen projects in the CBAMed sectors.

Decarbonisation is costly. Making cement with a third less carbon adds some 15% to the cost. Arcelor Mittal, the world’s biggest steelmaker and one of Europe’s largest emitters, expects to invest an extra $10bn to cut carbon by 2030. That could raise its capital spending by a third.     4     Its boss, Aditya Mittal, noted recently that renewable-energy firms enjoyed support from politicians. Other executives call for infrastructure, such as pipelines to funnel captured carbon dioxide from factories, as well as financial aid. The EU may need more carrots to go with its new stick.

A．The commission estimates this impact to be modest, with a slight dip in employment.

B．If Europe’s steel mills must pay for the carbon they spew, so will their Chinese rivals selling to the EU.

C．But the firm also expects governments to cough up a similar amount.

D．A few are reacting as the plan intended: by trying to decarbonise.

E．The reaction. however. has been mixed with many firms griping about increased import of cement due to the lack of compensation.

F．The European Commission wants to end this handout.

4 . 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。

It was a pleasant morning. Meena was leaning out of her window and feeding the birds. The roads were empty because of COVID-19 lockdown. Just then a strong blow of wind came and Meena saw something flying in the air from distance. “Is it a kite?” Meena thought. As it came closer, Meena saw that it was a mask.

Curious to know where the mask came from, she ran to catch the mask and finally ran to the beach nearby. The mask fell into the sea water. As Meena looked around, she saw many masks floating in the sea and lying on the beach. She wondered where they came from.

Suddenly Meena heard a low voice nearby so helpless as if crying out for someone for help. She went closer to the voice – it was a huge turtle from the sea, with something stuck into his mouth. Apparently the turtle was choking (噎住) and in great pain. Meena moved closer to him, without wasting any time pulling it out of his mouth – it was a mask! The turtle finally recovered from the pain and seemed to express relief from his eyes as if to say “thank you” for her kindness.

Meena was sad to see so many masks thrown around. Just then she saw a man dumping rubbish here, with many single-use masks poured out. “Stop!” she screamed. “Please don’t throw the waste here. The turtle might swallow the mask again and fall sick!” The man stopped at once. He was sorry for his actions and decided to help clean the beach. He called a few people from the village to help them clean it. In no time the beach was free of rubbish.

Meena was happy and couldn’t wait to go home and tell her mother about it. Her mother was very proud of her, and told her the importance of throwing single-use masks into a rubbish bin so that animals wouldn’t swallow them. Yet Meena was still worried. She didn’t want the turtles to fall sick again due to people’s ignorance.

注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

“Shouldn’t I stop wearing a mask?” asked Meena.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The next day Meena and her mother gave out their homemade cloth masks around the village.

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5 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. profitably	B. fallen	C. sell	D. dangerous	AB. dump	AC. efficiently
AD. plastic	BC. endless	BD. civilization	CD. throwaway	ABC. stylish

The value of upcycling

Recycling is a well-known idea that refers to reusing waste materials in any way possible. But what about “upcycling”? It’s a new word, even though it’s something that has been going on since human     1     began. It means reusing waste materials so that they have greater value. Throughout history, people have always done creative things with “trash”. For example, they’ve used straw and dead leaves to make roofs, skin from dead animals to make leather goods, and wood from     2     trees to make boats. So why is there a new word for it now?

One answer to this question is that we reuse fewer and fewer things, and so have become a (n) “    3    ” society. This has raised huge questions about waste: Where can we     4     it all? Will it pollute the environment? Could it be     5     to our health? The evidence is everywhere—even in the Pacific Ocean, where billions of bits of broken     6     float near the surface. Fish eat them, and then we eat the fish.

So upcyclers have adopted this new word to focus people’s attention on how waste cannot simply be reused, but be reused     7    . In fact, upcyclers don’t like the idea of waste and prefer to call it an “asset”, something of value. Nowadays, there are lots of organizations that     8     products with upcycled material. Some artists and designers have upcycled things like denim from old jeans to make rugs, and wood from old houses to make furniture. Others have even used candy wrappers to make handbags! Sometimes they’ll add a(n)     9     element to their products, such as a beautiful mosaic (马赛克) made with broken dishes. With a (n)     10     supply of “assets”, it seems that upcycling has a great future.

7 . Germany’s top court has ruled that parts of the country’s 2019 climate (气候) action law must be changed because they don’t do a good job of protecting young people. The result is a big victory for the nine young people who started the law suing (诉讼).

The court suing stresses an important part of the climate change: The change will impact greatly on young people far more than the adults. That’s because the effects of earth warming will become more serious over time. As young people become adults, they’ll be left to deal with many problems that today’s adults have ignored. The government’s failure to plan carefully was putting their future lives in danger.

In 2019, Germany passed a new law, promising that the country would be carbon neutral (碳中和) by 2050. The law made a detailed plan of action until 2030. But the law didn’t have any specific rules or plans for climate actions that would be taken between 2031 and 2050.

Last Thursday, the judges of Germany’s highest court agreed with the young people. They said that not taking climate action made the basic rights of young people to a good future in danger.

The young people had challenged the government’s law in four specific areas. The judges didn’t agree with all of the challenges. But having the court support even a part of their case is seen as a big victory. Neubauer is one of the young people who sued. She works with the climate action group Fridays For Future. Ms. Neubauer said, “Climate protection is our basic right. This is a huge win for the climate movement. It changes a lot.”

The court has given the German government until the end of 2022 to fix the law. The climate law will now need to have a much more detailed plan for the actions that will be taken after 2030 to cut Germany’s pollution, allowing it to become carbon neutral by 2050. Germany’s government has said that it will quickly begin working to make the needed changes.

1. Why did the nine young people sue the Germany government?

A．They faced a higher rate of losing jobs.

B．The government refused their law suing.

C．The local court ruled against the climate law.

D．They weren’t satisfied with the climate action law.

2. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?

A．The adults nowadays are put under pressure.

B．The climate change will influence the young.

C．Earth warming is becoming out of control.

D．Humans feel uncertain about the future.

3. What is the government required to do about the climate law?

A．Improve the present law.

B．Win people’s wide support.

C．Take strict punishment measures.

D．Achieve carbon neutral in advance.

4. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?

A．Business.	B．Health.
C．Education.	D．Environment.