1.鸟类经常受到伤害2.提出你的建议。
注意: 1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir,
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If you spend some time wandering through the Prairie wilderness, chances are that you’ll hear the snort of wild pigs, one of Canada’s most invasive species,
To make matters
Environmentally, the rapid spread of the wild pigs pose numerous problems such as diversity
Hunting may seem like a quick solution, but
3 . Starting in the late 1980s, the plastics industry spent tens of millions of dollars encouraging recycling through advertisements and recycling projects, telling people plastics could be recycled. But their own internal records showed that industry officials long knew that plastic recycling on a large scale came with high costs but poor results.
A report sent to top industry directors in April 1973 said that plastic recycling was not as easy as people thought and sorting plastics was impractical. Another document a year later showed that there was serious doubt widespread that plastic recycling could get profits on an economic basis.
Despite this, three former top officials said the industry supports recycling as a way to beat back a growing trend of stopping using plastics in the 1980s. “The plastics industry is under fire, but we want to continue to make plastic products,” Thomas, an official from a company making plastics says, “If the public think the recycling is working, then they’re not going to be so worried about the environment.”
“The public gradually doubt the idea that the plastics industry could do a satisfying job in dealing with plastics and protecting the environment. But now we have already funded new technologies to change this situation. We don’t want to see the pollution of the environment either and are willing to solve this problem,” says Jim Becker, vice president of Chevron Phillips Chemical Company.
However, the more plastics are recycled, the less money the industry will make. And the industry now produces many more different and complex kinds of plastics that are more costly to sort and in many cases can’t be recycled at all. Efforts to reduce the use of plastics are increasing worldwide, but any plan to slow the growth of plastics will cause the whole industry to lose billions of dollars in the future.
1. According to the passage, the plastics industry .| A．tried to teach people to sort plastic products |
| B．knew that plastic recycling will bring good results |
| C．thought environmental problems are easy to deal with |
| D．encouraged the public to recycle plastics for more sales |
| A．criticized severely | B．increasingly popular |
| C．growing fast | D．declining rapidly |
| A．He encourages people to buy high-tech plastic products. |
| B．The plastics industry is highly thought of for its devotion. |
| C．He has convinced the public of the plastics industry’s efforts. |
| D．The plastics industry starts taking on more social responsibilities. |
| A．Reducing plastics production has become a new trend. |
| B．Changes in plastics increase the difficulty of recycling. |
| C．Plastic recycling puts the plastics industry in a dilemma. |
| D．The plastics industry spends more improving the quality of plastics. |
4 . What would happen if the Amazon rainforest disappeared?
The Amazon rainforest is one of the most amazing places on earth. It covers 40% of South America, drives the South American economy and stores 86 billion tons of carbon. That would otherwise be polluting our atmosphere. However, about 750, 000 square kilometers of rainforest have been destroyed since 1978, all thanks to humans. If this continues, the Amazon rainforest could disappear within 100 years.
How bad would that be for our planet? Well, let's take a look. For starters, we'd be losing a huge amount of our planet's biodiversity. The Amazon rainforest has more plant and animal species than any other ecosystem on the land. If we destroy the Amazon, we will be destroying all that diversity too, and ruining an entire ecosystem at the same time.
That would have huge effects on earth. We'd all quickly realize how much we have been relying on the Amazon's resources for food and medicine. Most people are surprised when they find out that hundreds of drugs have come from things in the Amazon rainforest.
So who knows what other important treatments we could lose without the rainforest? But the most critical problem we would face if the Amazon completely disappeared would be a faster pace of climate change. If the Amazon rainforest continues to wither and die, it will stop being a source of oxygen. Some experts believe that if this happens, we would lose the battle against climate change. But it is not all doom and gloom.
There is still hope for the Amazon rainforest. Through studies conducted over the past several decades, researches have found that rainforests may be able to survive human-caused destruction even without human help. A rainforest can start growing again if it has enough seedlings. However, this can only be successful if the rainforest isn't always under attack. So what can you do to help?
1. The destruction of the Amazon rainforest is mainly caused by .| A．human activities | B．climate change | C．atmosphere pollution | D．the government |
| A．The variety of species will decrease. | B．Some important medicine may be lost. |
| C．We cannot get some food from the rainforest. | D．The speed of climate change will slow down. |
| A．Disappointed. | B．Hopeful. | C．Pessimistic. | D．Indifferent. |
| A．Previous studies of tropical rainforests. | B．Serious attacks made by human beings. |
| C．Individual's actions to protect the rainforest. | D．Various reasons for the damage to the rainforest. |
5 . What if you could give your child a special gift? A gift that was never the same, always changing? Now what if this gift was free, readily available and lasted forever?
Where do you find such a gift? It's easy: Just open your eyes and look up at the sky with your child, and you'll discover "the theatre over your heads which presents all kinds of shows," or "the art gallery above." says Jack Borden, former Boston television reporter who founded "For Spacious Skies (FSS)", a non-profit educational organization with the purpose of "stimulating and sustaining public awareness of the appearance of the sky".
Borden's big vision is to bring about "new eyes" in young children in terms of how they see the sky. But the most effective teachers and influencers of children — their parents — need to become "sky aware" themselves in order to pass the gift along.
And there's the rub.
"Could you describe the sky right now, without looking out of your window? Are there clouds? If so, what do they look like? Nine chances out of 10, you don't have a clue about the sky's appearance," says Borden. "We know that people are not looking at the sky. If they perceive the sky at all, it's in the context of the weather or astronomy."
"Sky awareness means expanding your horizons so that you begin to see that the sky is the province, not just of the weather reporter, but of the photographer, the artist, the poet, the dreamer. of the physical scientist." says Borden.
And it's the province of parents and their children.
What parent doesn't want to foster observation ability, imagination, creativity, curiosity and environmental responsibility in their children? "There's a lot to this. There's more to it than I ever dreamed," says Borden.
1. What is the special gift for children actually about?| A．A new view of the sky. | B．A new relationship to nature. |
| C．A good relationship with parents. | D．More knowledge about the weather. |
| A．It is almost impossible. | B．It is still unpopular with them. |
| C．It is unimportant for them. | D．It is quite unthinkable. |
| A．The sky has a great effect on people's daily life. |
| B．Many other people also show interest in the weather. |
| C．Many other people also play a role in weather report. |
| D．The sky also produces various effects for many others. |
| A．Borden's dream. | B．Advice to parents. |
| C．Benefits of sky awareness. | D．Requirements for cloud watching. |
6 . In 2018, I wanted to do something to bring change for people in my community. I carried out research to understand the problems affecting them and found that climate change was the greatest threat. When I realised many people in the rural areas faced fatal impacts such as landslides, floods and droughts, I decided to stand up. Seeing climate change threaten the availability of food and water in my country was a wake-up call.
We are focused and very clear with our demands. We are not afraid of holding governments and corporations accountable for the climate crisis because the science is clear. We will not give up because our future is at stake. We need to demand for climate action as our lives depend on it too, because we do. Farmers in Ontario stood up against a proposed mega quarry (采石场) in their land. They held festivals to draw attention, they spoke up against corporate mining which threatened their groundwater and soil, they mobilised many people to stop it and in 2012, Highland Company withdrew their plans.
I hope to see the end of the fossil fuel industry, and we need renewable energy. We need sustainability in every sector through green building and clean transportation. I hope to see recovery of our ecosystems through planting more trees, having urban forests and protecting wildlife. Our existence depends on that of our ecosystems. I hope to see more recovery projects built in the most affected communities.
There are many climate movements all over the world and most have social media accounts. Find a local group that you can work with to demand climate action. When people are united, they cannot be defeated. Earth is our home to protect. Everyone is needed.
1. Why did the author take immediate action?| A．He wanted to change people in his community. |
| B．He reminded people of valuing food and water. |
| C．He was aware of the danger of the climate change. |
| D．He was interested in the problems in the rural areas. |
| A．Forced. | B．Forbade. | C．Warned. | D．Organized. |
| A．Renewable energy has replaced the fossil fuel. |
| B．More recovery projects have been built in many communities. |
| C．The fossil fuel industry does harm to our ecosystems. |
| D．The fossil fuel industry doesn’t account for our existence. |
| A．To appeal to people to unite to protect environment. |
| B．To clarify the author’s contribution for the community. |
| C．To recommend us a new kind of renewable energy. |
| D．To show the importance of banning the fossil fuel industry. |
7 . With a quick movement, the little creature vanishes in the air like it never existed and somehow appears dramatically-this is a part of the film Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them. But in reality, “disappeared” fantastic creatures can also reappear.
The Global Wildlife Conservation(GWC) announced on Oct 30 they have rediscovered the Voeltzkow's chameleon(变色龙)in Madagascar. The last time that the animal was seen was in 1913.
This discovery excited the researeh team, but the finding was not easy. The GWC organized an expedition as part of its Seareh for Lost Species program, an attempt to rediscover species that have not been observed by scientists for at least a decade. They headed into the forests of northwestern Madagascar in April 2018. But they didn't have much luck for a long time. Just days before the trip was to end. the tour guides spotted one of the chameleons. Ultimately, the team discovered three males and 13 females.
Male Voeltzkow's chameleons are up to 164 millimeters long and are light green with dark stripes, which get darker when they are angry or stressed. Females are smaller than males, growing to about 150 millimeters long. They can change their skin to a pattern of red dots and a stripe of purple against a background of black and white.
“The Voeltzkow's chameleon adds color and beauty to the planet, and reminds us that even when all seems lost, a great adventure can reawaken hope." said Don Church, president of the GWC. "Now we have so much to learn about this extraordinary reptile(爬行动物)・including how we can best save it from extinction.”
This isn't the only time a species thought to be extinct has been rediscovered. In fact, this year scientists discovered a frog that has been missing for more than 50 years in a Brazilian jungle. Another example is the Albany adder snake, which was rediscovered in 2016. The species had disappeared for over a decade and was generally believed to be extinct.
So how are these "lost" species able to make a comeback? If the environment changes in favor of certain species that have been considered extinct, the population size of those species may recover again. As they reach greater numbers, the chance of humans discovering them increases.
1. Why is the part of Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them mentioned?| A．To lead to a discussion about animal extinction. |
| B．To warn of the difference between reality and fiction. |
| C．To demonstrate that magic can be found in real life. |
| D．To further discuss the reappearance of creatures. |
| A．How luck determined the fate of a lost species. |
| B．How the GWC rediscovered the Voeltzkow's chameleon. |
| C．An introduction to the Seareh for Lost Species program. |
| D．The solutions to make “lost" species come back. |
| A．They can change their colors to green and yellow. |
| B．Female chameleons are much longer than male ones. |
| C．The color of the males' skin can reflect their mood. |
| D．Male chameleons outnumber female ones by a lot. |
| A．The rediscoveries may be due to environmental changes. |
| B．The habitats of frogs and snakes are quite similar. |
| C．Human beings are to blame for species extinction. |
| D．Extinct reptiles would be the first group to be rediscovered. |
Wild animals are human’s close friends. They not only provide
In order to stay away from the seemingly faraway disaster,
9 . We've got to do a better job of stopping global warming, a new report says.
The report, released Wednesday by the United Nations, says the world isn't doing nearly enough to control fossil fuel production to the level that's needed to stop "catastrophic" levels of global warming, pointing fingers at both developed countries and developing countries.
However, developing countries currently cannot sustain (维持) themselves, let alone grow, without relying heavily on fossil fuels. To them, fossil fuels are still the cheapest, most reliable energy resources available. India, for example, is home to one-third of the world's 1. 2 billion citizens living in poverty. That's 400 million people in one country without sufficient food or shelter. India hopes to shift to renewable energy as its economy grows, but the investment needed to meet its renewable energy goals “is over ten times the country's annual spending on agriculture and infrastructure (基础设施).” Unless something changes, developing countries like India cannot fight climate change.
Yet the weather changes and consequences of global warming, like tons of droughts and poverty are already impacting economic growth in many countries. Is there a solution?
According to a World Bank report, “poor and middle-income countries account for just over half of total carbon emissions.” And this percentage will only rise as developing countries grow. In Sub-Sabaran Africa, the number of people living in poverty increased by 98% in the thirty years, while carbon dioxide on average decreased by 17%. Given the current energy situation, if sub-Saharan Africans are to escape extreme poverty, they will have to increase their carbon use unless developed countries step in to offer clean alternatives and financial aid.
After all, global warming is, by definition, a global crisis. Reducing this threat will require global cooperation and global solutions.
1. What does the writer want to convey in paragraph three?| A．India has difficulty in feeding itself. |
| B．India has the largest number of poverty. |
| C．India cannot afford to develop clean energy. |
| D．India relies heavier on fossil fuels than USA |
| A．They'll be rid of extreme poverty. | B．They'll stop developing economy. |
| C．They'll care much for carbon emissions. | D．They'll pursue economic growth at heavy cost. |
| A．Poverty is the root of global warming. |
| B．Huge gap does exist between countries. |
| C．Developing countries cannot afford global warming. |
| D．Global warming demands global effort and solutions. |
| A．Conflicts between countries. | B．Ways of global cooperation. |
| C．Potential crises on the earth. | D．The importance of clean alternatives. |
10 . Norway aims to discover new resources beneath the sea, but its push into mining has raised environmental concerms.
Norway could license companies for deep-sea mining as early as 2023. That could place it among the first countries to harvest seabed metals. Copper, zinc and other metals are in high demand for electric vehicle batteries, wind turbines and solar energy centers. However, that could also place Norway on the front line of controversies over the environmental risks of mining the world’s unexplored seabeds.
Norway recently announced it was carrying out an environmental study needed to start mineral exploration and mining. Once that is completed, the govemment plans to have public comments on its environmental study and on a proposal to open areas for exploration and production by the end of 2022.
The demand for minerals is being driven by what are often called “clean” technologies. But the process of getting those minerals from the seabed could cause environmental problems.
Environmentalists including Britain’s David Attenborough have called for a temporary (暂时的) stop to deepseabed mining until more is known about how it affects sea life. The environmental group Greenpeace called for a total ban in a recent report. In another report, the High Level Panel for a Sustainable Ocean Economy, known as the Ocean Panel, also called for greater knowledge about the effects of deep-sea mining. The Ocean Panel is cochaired by Norway and has 14 member states that want to shape policy on the world’s oceans.
Norway is known as a major oil producer. But, the country of 5. 4 million people wants to find something to replace its top industry that is better for the environment and can grow in the future.
The move toward deep-sea mining follows three years of expeditions(探险). The Norwegian Petroleum Directorate, which carried out the work, said it found copper, zinc, cobalt, gold and silver. The expeditions also discovered large armounts of lithium and the rare earth metal scandium used in electronics and metal mixtures.
1. What does the underlined word “controversies”in paragraph 2 probably mean?| A．Power. | B．Benefits. |
| C．Arguments. | D．Popularity. |
| A．Decide mining areas. | B．Ask for people’s opinions. |
| C．Start seabed mining at once. | D．Take action to protect nature. |
| A．Unsupportive. | B．Positive. |
| C．Unclear. | D．Uncaring. |
| A．Earning more money. | B．Controlling the areas. |
| C．Developing clean energy. | D．Learning about sea resources. |
