1 . On average, primary school children in England have at least three sugary snacks a day, Public Health England (PHE) found. This means that the sugar they consume is three times more than the recommended maximum.
Children between the ages of 4 and 10 consume 51.2% of sugar from unhealthy snacks. PHE has launched a campaign, Change4Life, to encourage parents to look for healthier snacks of no more than 100 calories, and to limit them to two a day. The campaign advises parents to give their children a maximum of two snacks a day, with each containing no more than 100 calories. The campaign will also offer parents special suggestions on a range of healthier snacks—ones with 100 calories or fewer—at selected supermarkets, PHE said.
PHE said it had also improved its app so that it could mark the content of sugar, salt and fat in food and drinks. Dr Alison Tedstone told the BBC she hoped the campaign would help parents to choose healthier snacks for their children. “If you wander through a supermarket, you can see much more goods being sold as snacks than ever before,” she said, “It’s a common phenomenon that kids’ lunchboxes are full of snacks, leading to a lot of calories for lunch. Our research shows that parents usually appreciate a rule of thumb (经验法则). However, they are surprised to know how much sugar their children are consuming in snacks now.”
Justine Roberts, founder of Mumsnet, said, “The intake (摄入量) of sugar that kids are getting from snacks and sugary drinks alone is pretty astonishing, and it can often be difficult to distinguish which snacks are healthy and which are not. The rule of thumb from Change4Life can help parents make their decision correctly and wisely. ”
1. In terms of snacks, the Change4Life recommends that children have at most ________.| A．one snack a day | B．three snacks a day |
| C．100 calories a day | D．200 calories a day |
| A．Test the calories of snacks. |
| B．Choose delicious snacks. |
| C．Know the exact content in snacks. |
| D．Save much money buying snacks. |
| A．Most parents’ former experience about snacks is practical. |
| B．It is easy to tell healthy snacks and unhealthy snacks apart. |
| C．Children only take in lots of sugar from snacks and drinks. |
| D．Change4Life is meaningful for parents’ decisions on snacks. |
| A．Solve the Health Problems of Children |
| B．Change the Eating Habits of Children |
| C．Limit Children’s Intake of Calories |
| D．Ensure Children’s Healthy Lifestyle |
2 . Journalists need to be able to report the facts without unfairness and use only the right ways to get these facts. Unfortunately, not every journalist always does this.
Sting (圈套) operations to get a story are causing a lot of argument. They involve leading a well-known person into a false situation with the hope that they will do something newsworthy.
For example, in 2010 a newspaper accused the professional snooker player John Higgins of taking money to throw a game. Higgins and his manager met with two men who said they would give him money if he lost matches on purpose. The meeting, which took place in a hotel room, was planned and secretly filmed by the newspaper. Higgins agreed to do it but said later that he had only done so because he thought the two men were criminals and he had been frightened. It turned out that they were reporters from the newspaper itself.
While sting operations might be legal, phone-hacking (电话窃听) is certainly not. In 2007, the editor of a leading UK newspaper and a private detective had hacked into hundreds of voicemail messages of people who worked for the British royal family. The information they got was used in newspapers.
Although the editor said he regretted doing this and apologized, the judge sentenced him to four months in prison. He warned other journalists not to make the same mistake. Since then though, many famous people such as Jude Law and Sienna Miller have been subjected to illegal phone-hacking by journalists.
The paparazzi (狗仔队) are famous for following the rich and famous hoping to get a photograph to sell to the papers. In the last years of her life, singer Amy Winehouse was followed by photographers everywhere she went, and it got so bad that in 2009 she went to court and asked a judge to stop them. The judge warned the journalists and ordered the photographers to stay away from her home. Many other famous persons also need similar court orders to protect themselves and their families.
1. What happened to Higgins in 2010?| A．He was tricked by two journalists. | B．He was threatened by his manager. |
| C．He lost a lot of money. | D．He met two criminals. |
| A．He was kept separate from the famous. | B．He was asked to leave the newspaper. |
| C．He was warned seriously. | D．He was put into prison. |
| A．Amy Winehouse. | B．Sienna Miller |
| C．John Higgins | D．Jude Law |
| A．Good newspapers, heavy duties | B．Being responsible reporters |
| C．Making interesting news | D．Bad ways, bad news |
3 . Technology is supposed to make our lives easier, allowing us to do things more quickly and efficiently. But too often it seems to make things harder. This increase in complexity, often called "feature creep," costs consumers time, but it also costs business money. Product returns in the U.S. cost a hundred billion dollars a year, and a recent study by Elke den Ouden, of Philips Electronics, found that at least half of returned products have nothing wrong with them. Consumers just couldn't figure out how to use them. Companies now know a great deal about problems of usability and consumer behavior, so why is it that feature creep proves unstoppable?
In part, fieature creep is the product of the so-called internal-audience problem: the people who design and sell product are not the ones who buy and use them, and what engineers and marketers think is important is not necessarily what's best for consumers. The engineers tend not to notice when more options make a product less usable. And marketing and sales departments see each additional feature as a new selling point, and a new way to attract customers.
You might think, then, that companies could avoid fieature creep by just paying attention to what customers really want. But that's where the trouble begins, because although consumers find overloaded gadgets（ 配件）unmanageable, they also find them attractive. It turns out that when we look at a new product in a store we tend to think that the more features there are, the better. It is only once we get the product home and try to use it that we realize the virtues of simplicity.
It seems strange that we don't expect feature tiredness and thus avoid it. But, as numerous studies have shown, people are not, in general, good at predicting what will make them happy in the future. As a result, we will pay more for more features because we systematically overestimate how often we'll use them. We also overestimate our ability to figure out how a complicated product works.
The fact that buyers want bells and whistles but users want something clear and simple creates an unusual problem for companies. A product that doesn't have enough features may fail to catch our eye in the store. But a product with too many features is likely to annoy consumers.
1. What does the first paragraph mainly discuss?| A．The benefits brought by the advanced technology. |
| B．The recent study conducted by Elke den Ouden. |
| C．The loss caused by the feature creep of technology. |
| D．Many problems of usability known by the consumers. |
| A．It is the audience problem that leads to feature creep. |
| B．What matters to designers and marketers is not good for consumers. |
| C．Feature creep brings blessings to the people in marketing and sales. |
| D．The engineers will not pay attention to the quality of the product |
| A．They are deeply convinced that all the products work in simple way. |
| B．They are fed up with the more and more features of the products. |
| C．They are too confident of their ability to use the complicated products. |
| D．They are quite clear about the products which will make them happy. |
| A．Saying No to Feature Creep is No Easy Thing |
| B．Feature-heavy Products in Demand |
| C．The More Features, the Better |
| D．Simplicity Outweighs Complexity |
Recently there has been a heated debate on whether the university should charge a fee to the public who use
Most people think that universities should not serve the public. They think universities are not
5 . According to a study, only one in three parents leave work on time. As a mom of two boys, I have something to say.
I am 38, an analyst. There is no culture of presenteeism （出勤主义） at my company --- no one gets prizes for staying late. If I chose, I could work at home more (I currently do one day per week at home), and leave earlier. However, I would miss out on social and professional contact, and the career and development opportunities, as well as feeling more part of the team. No one is directly discriminating, but if I am not there, I don’t get the opportunities that others do.
My kids would love it if I could pick them up from school. My son was asked recently what he would change if he were boss of the school, and he said: “No after-school club, the parents come every day. ” When I do make it, they are so happy to see me there. If I could get home on time I would be with the kids more, to play with them, teach them things and help them with their development. It would give me more time to feel on top of things in life, not just scraping by day to day.
My mother gave up work to bring up three kids. She went back when I was about 11. We clearly benefited enormously from all her input in terms of our education and development. I feel like kids of parents who are around more get a head start in life. It may seem strange coming from a family where both parents have good jobs and are relatively well paid… but small kids don't need you to earn lots of money, they need you to spend time with them.
1. What will happen if the author always works at home?| A．She’ll have more motivation to produce better results. |
| B．She’ll have the same chance to be treated as others |
| C．She’ll miss many chances to be promoted |
| D．She will be paid lower pay with less work |
| A．Having more money to set up more clubs. |
| B．Having his mother come earlier to pick him up. |
| C．Having the ability to be a real boss of a big firm. |
| D．Having the power to arrange his mother's schedule. |
| A．It’s good for her mother’s future work experience. |
| B．It had little effect on her sibling’s education. |
| C．It’s good for her sibling’s growing in many aspects. |
| D．It had little good effect on her sibling's development. |
| A．Balance their work and life. |
| B．Try not to work overtime. |
| C．Earn enough money before their kids are born. |
| D．Don’t work out when kids are too young. |
The Chinese language has become increasingly popular in the world. More British students chose to take Chinese tests than German in this year's A levels, showing a great
This is the first time that Mandarin
A total of 3，334 candidates chose Mandarin
French and Spanish still remain the most popular foreign languages. The German language
According to the Office of Chinese Language Council International, as of 2017, some 100 million people, excluding native speakers, use Chinese
South Korea has a
The United Nations in 2010 suggested a Chinese Language Day which falls on April 20th each year to celebrate cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all official languages.
7 . For many parents, raising a teenager is like fighting a long war, but years go by without any clear winner. Like a border conflict between neighboring countries, the parent-teen war is about boundaries: Where is the line between what I control and what you do?
Both sides want peace, but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict. In part, this is because neither is willing to admit any responsibility for starting it. From the parents’ point of view, the only cause of their fight is their adolescents’ complete unreasonableness. And of course, the teens see it in exactly the same way, except oppositely. Both feel trapped.
In this article, I’ll describe three no-win situations that commonly arise between teens and parents and then suggest some ways out of the trap. The first no-win situation is quarrels over unimportant things. Examples include the color of the teen’s hair, the cleanliness of the bedroom, the preferred style of clothing, the child’s failure to eat a good breakfast before school, or his tendency to sleep until noon on the weekends. Second, blaming. The goal of a blaming battle is to make the other admit that his bad attitude is the reason why everything goes wrong. Third, needing to be right. It doesn’t matter what the topic is—politics, the laws of physics, or the proper way to break an egg—the point of these arguments is to prove that you are right and the other person is wrong, for both wish to be considered an authority—someone who actually knows something—and therefore to command respect. Unfortunately, as long as parents and teens continue to assume that they know more than the other, they’ll continue to fight these battles forever and never make any real progress.
1. Why does the author compare the parent-teen war to a border conflict?| A．Both are about where to draw the line. |
| B．Both can continue for generations. |
| C．Neither has any clear winner. |
| D．Neither can be put to an end. |
| A．The teens tend to have a full understanding of their parents. |
| B．The teens agree with their parents on the cause of the conflict. |
| C．The teens cause their parents of misleading them. |
| D．The teens blame their parents for starting the conflict. |
| A．give orders to the other |
| B．know more than the other |
| C．gain respect from the other |
| D．get the other to behave properly |
| A．Solutions for the parent-teen problems. |
| B．Examples of the parent-teen war. |
| C．Causes for the parent-teen conflicts. |
| D．Future of the parent-teen relationship. |
8 . With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together.
The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law, she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol - one of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing at a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think it’s a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.”
And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.”
It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001to 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband’s family when they get married.
1. Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol?| A．Nick. | B．Rita. | C．Kathryn | D．The daughters. |
| A．Positive. | B．Carefree. | C．Tolerant. | D．Unwilling. |
| A．Family traditions. | B．Financial reports. | C．Published statistics. | D．Public opinions. |
| A．Lifestyles in different countries. | B．Conflicts between generations. |
| C．A housing problem in Britain. | D．A rising trend of living in the UK. |
9 . A new exhibition in Beijing examines the experience of China’s millions of empty-nesters, and the sense of loss they feel when their children unavoidably leave home. Held by the Tomorrow Foundation and initialed by actor Huang Xiaoming at the Dachin Contemporary Art Center, the exhibition opened in Beijing on November 9th, and will run until December 9th.
According to Gao Xiaoqi, director of the Dachin Contemporary Art Center, “Empty-nesters are a common social phenomenon. But many young people haven’t realized their parents are actually empty-nesters.” She adds, “We don’t want to place a burden on the viewers when they visit the exhibition, but we do aim to make them feel how their parents felt when their children left home.”
The exhibition is more of an immersive (浸没式) experience rather than simply a gallery to view exhibits. In another area, visitors can put on earphones and listen to some impressive passages describing the parent-child relationship performed by ten stars.
Many visitors were touched by the line: only noticed I stayed at home for 15 days every year, but I didn’t realize from my parents’ eyes that I had been away from home for 20 years,” actress Kong Wei recites.
It was really touching, and it made me realize that I am really important to my parents. All I wanted to do after listening to it was to go back home and spend more time with them,” says Sina Weibo user Zhuizhumengli, a visitor to the exhibition.
“The phenomenon of empty-nesters is quite a challenge since old people’s needs are not necessarily money or other material reliefs. Although many old people have friends and hobbies, they still need their children’s love and attention,” says Huang.
1. Why is the exhibition held?| A．To place a burden on the viewers. |
| B．To remind the audience to value time. |
| C．To raise people’s awareness of caring for their parents. |
| D．To show the importance of relationships between family members. |
| A．Who visits the exhibition. | B．How the exhibition gets its name. |
| C．When and where the exhibition is held. | D．How the exhibition is presented. |
| A．Moved. | B．Bored. |
| C．Casual. | D．Discouraged. |
| A．Showing Love for the Old | B．After the Birds Have Flown |
| C．A Discussion on Empty-nesters | D．An exhibition on Nests |
10 . I remember watching my first rental (租赁的）movie when I was a kid. My aunt owned a video store and we borrowed a VHS copy of Poltergeist.
In 2004, I was 33 years old, living in Bend and looking for a part-time job to help support our family. My best friend, Mary, a saleswoman at the Blockbuster, suggested I might like working with her at the Blockbuster, and I’ve been here ever since. Back then, there were five Blockbusters in Bend alone. The movie-rental business was at its peak (顶点): we were still storing VHS tapes but DVDs were also coming in, and both were doing well.
When it became clear that DVD was going to replace VHS, I got very excited because those cassettes were so big and heavy. I often dropped them on my feet. Even then, I never dreamed I would end up managing the last store in town.
For me, the best thing about this job is the people. I love chatting to customers and hearing their opinions on movies. Now I’m the manager, however. I have all kinds of other responsibilities, like handling mountains of paperwork. I’m a bit like an old policeman in a movie who hates the desk job and longs to go back to the beat (巡逻区域). I hate being the manager.
The final store closures happened so fast. At the end of 2017, there were seven Blockbusters left in the US, but by early 2019 there was only our store and one other store in Australia, in the world. Since March when only our store remained, things have been crazy. The local community has been surprisingly supportive, and people have come from all over the world to rent movies: we’ve set up close to 5,000 new memberships. Most of them are regulars.
I’ll be sad to see the end of video stores. We have several years left on our lease (租期）and, as long as we can continue to pay our staff, we’11 stay open. Becoming the last store has given the business a push and we’re selling Blockbuster souvenirs. I’ve watched enough movies to realize there’s an end to everything, but hopefully the ending of this story is a long way off.
1. What can we learn about the Blockbuster?| A．It was quite popular in the past. | B．It was mainly found in America. |
| C．It provided many part-time jobs for kids. | D．It offered workers high salaries. |
| A．It’s troublesome. | B．It’s low-paid. |
| C．It’s boring. | D．It’s challenging. |
| A．Because few people want to work in Blockbusters. |
| B．Because many Blockbusters have broken down. |
| C．Because VHS tapes and DVDs became hard to buy. |
| D．Because their store became popular unexpectedly. |
