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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:52 题号:10472048

Everyone knows that walking is one of the best means of exercise for health, so physicians often recommend 150 minutes a week. But that’s a measure of volume (量). What about the walking speed? Does that make a difference? A recent paper indicates the answer may be yes.

Previous research had only focused on total amounts of exercise in minutes or steps. A team of experts in Sydney looked at whether people who walked similar distances but at different speeds gained more or less health benefits

The researchers studied 11 English and Scottish population-wide reports that included more than 50,000 regular walkers with an average age of late 40s. The walkers were grouped according to four walking speeds: slow, average, brisk(轻快的) and fast. Lastly, the researchers figured out the death( from heart disease and cancer) rate during an average follow-up period of 9.2years.

New researchers showed marathoners had less arthritis(关节炎) than non-runners.

Participants who walked at an “average” speed, as opposed to ” slow ” , had a 20 percent lower risk of death. Those walking at a “ brisk ” or “ fast ” pace enjoyed an additional 4 percent lower death rate. While the best speeds vary with one’s own age and fitness, a pace below 20 minutes per mile is considered average, and below 18 minutes per mile is considered brisk. All the benefits came from lower heart-related deaths. Walking pace had no effect on cancer rates.

“Our paper is the first paper to keep apart walking pace from the physical activity volume ,”

Explained Emmanuel Stamatakis , a professor of the Charles Perkins Center. “We also took steps to role out ( 排除 ) the possibility that the slow walkers were in poor health to begin with.”

“Walking more is better than walking less. But don’t fall into the trap of thinking that any walk improve health. Keep out of the ‘ slow ’ zone. Make sure you’re putting some effort into your walk”, Stamatakis noted. “ An appropriate effort for those in a comfortable walking routine might be slightly out of breath.”

When you’re short of time, simply walk faster to increase the pay-off. “ A faster pace means you are challenging yourself to make adaptations for better health and fitness,” said Stamatakis.

1. What’s the finding of the recent paper?
A.Slow walkers are in poor health at first.
B.Walking speed influences one’s health.
C.Walking pace has some effect on cancer rates.
D.Walking 150 minutes a week is good for health.
2. How were the walkers sorted in the research?
A.They were divided into groups by walking pace.
B.They were put into different age group.
C.They were groups by health condition.
D.They were organized by nationality.
3. What can we know about the research?
A.Participants are from eleven countries.
B.Participants include people of all ages.
C.It collected data during an average of 9.2 years.
D.It focused on total amounts of exercise in minutes.
4. What’s Stamatakis’s advice for those in a comfortable walking routine?
A.Working more.B.Walking a little faster.
C.Trying other exercise.D.Changing the present lifestyle.

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阅读理解-七选五(约270词) | 适中 (0.65)
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【推荐1】Natural Therapy(疗法)

The great outdoors: it's the place to head for when you're in need of peace and quiet, open spaces, beautiful scenery and exercise. Whether a huge mountain range or a local country park, these natural areas are perfect for us to refresh us when we live a stressful life.     1    

As an example, in the foothills of the Snowdonia National Park in the UK, specialist therapy sessions are held to help people who suffer from depression, anxiety and stress.     2     However, it's believed that the setting alone can improve the mood of patients. Art psychotherapist Pamela Stanley told the BBC that there was a "growing body of evidence" to support eco-therapy.

It's true that for most of us connecting with the natural world definitely lifts our spirits. But the mental health charity Mind says eco-therapy has been recognized as a formal type of treatment that can sometimes be prescribed to someone by a doctor. It doesn't involve taking medication.     3       This natural treatment can take on many forms, including doing yoga in a forest, gardening or even hugging a tree.

Evidence has shown there are many benefits of this "green" therapy.     4     It's what Dr. Rachel Bragg from the University of Essex calls "psychological restoration". She told the BBC's All in the Mind programme that nature-based therapies should be part of a "toolkit" of care for patients.

    5     However, it is an option for therapists to use. And as we become more aware of the causes and effects of mental health, it's good to know that help might lie outside our towns and cities, and that nature can give us a helping hand.

A.Of course, eco-therapy won't cure everything.
B.Here the patients go outdoors to deal with stress.
C.Outdoor art-related activities are held for participants.
D.Instead, it just develops a person's relationship with nature.
E.These include improving social contact, social and work skill.
F.In nature you can do many things, including reading papers and watching TV.
G.Their relieving power is being used more and more to treat mental health problems.
2021-08-14更新 | 71次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约340词) | 适中 (0.65)

【推荐2】If there had to be a father of handwashing in history, it would be Ignaz Semmelweis. While working at Vienna General hospital, the Hungarian doctor, faced with a situation in which maternal death (孕产妇死亡) in hospitals were significantly higher than local clinics, tried hard clues as to why.

Germs (细菌) were yet to be discovered, and it was still believed in the 1840s that disease was spread by bad smells in the air. So it didn’t seem a problem that trainee doctors hanging out of labs to dissect (解剖) human bodies would pop up to the maternity ward (产房) to deliver a baby without washing their hands.

Then an accidental finger cut by a knife during a dissection caused a doctor to die, seemingly of the same sign the mothers had been getting. Semmelweis assumed that something from the dead bodies was to blame, which might, through the hands of doctors, make their way into women’ s bodies during childbirth.

To test his theory, he ordered doctors to wash their hands and instruments in some chlorine solution. As a result, the death rate for new mothers dropped to about 1 percent, compared with that of as high as 18 percent before the experiment.

However, he faced great resistance, and met a sad end. People at that time didn’t think of themselves as sort of walking Petri dishes. And the majority of doctors then were from middle- or upper-class families, and thought of themselves as very clean people.

Over the next 40 years, a better understanding of germs developed, and attitudes to hygiene (卫生) gradually shifted. In 1876, the German scientist Robert Koch discovered the anthrax bacillus (炭疽), kicking off the new research field of medical bacteriology. Many more germs were later identified. Surgeons started to take handwashing seriously.

By the 1890s and into the early 1900s, handwashing moved from being something doctors did to something everybody had been told to do.

1. What was the situation like in the 1840s?
A.Germs might have been discovered then.
B.Women suffered from delivering babies then.
C.The air at that time was dirty and full of viruses.
D.People were unaware of how disease was spread.
2. What does the underlined word “Solution” probably mean?
A.Liquid.B.Option.C.Tissue.D.Shell.
3. How did the public feel about handwashing at first?
A.It was effective.B.It was necessary.
C.It was ridiculous.D.It was dangerous.
4. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A.Steps to Protect Yourself
B.Disease Spreading by Your Hand
C.Hand Washing Critical in Fighting Viruses
D.The First Recorded Discovery of Handwashing
2021-05-08更新 | 112次组卷
阅读理解-七选五(约260词) | 适中 (0.65)
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了帮助失眠的人恢复睡眠的几条建议。

【推荐3】Awake? Here Is How to Return to Sleep

It is usual for people to wake up a few times during the night. Older people often get up to go to the bathroom. Waking at night usually is not a problem.

But what about some other people? If it happens a few times a week, there may be a troublesome reason.     1    . Such sleep difficulties are called insomnia (失眠).

You may wake up, look at the clock and worry about your work. There may be stressful things on your mind. These feelings may activate (激活) a stress hormone in your body. If you worry that you can’t sleep, it may make it harder to fall asleep.

    2    . If you are awake 25 minutes or more, get out of bed and do something quiet. Gentle stretches or breathing exercises might help. Meditation also may work. You may sit on a couch and read a book or magazine in dim light. Do not read on a smartphone or a tablet in the dark place.

    3    . Coffee can stay in your digestive system well into the evening. Besides, nap (小睡) lowers your drive to fall asleep in the evening. Avoid napping late in the day.     4    .

Try to keep to a routine schedule for sleep. There is a problem when you go to bed and wake up at different times. Studies have shown that irregular bedtimes may lead to insomnia.     5    , called circadian rhythms (昼夜节律). They work on 24-hour cycles.

If you get up during the night to go to the bathroom, limit how much water or liquid you drink a few hours before bedtime.

A.Do something helpful
B.Try to avoid early naps
C.Avoid coffee after 2 pm
D.Nap no later than early afternoon
E.The problem has to do with the sleep cycle of your body
F.Here are some reasons for the difficulties in your sleeping
G.Stress and anxiety are some reasons for people who have sleep difficulties
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