A new kind of hybrid wheat now available to American farmers may help reduce fears over genetically engineered crops. The new hybrid wheat is being introduced as seed companies worldwide seek to increase production because of reducing grain supplies. The hybrid wheat was developed by a Chinese-owned agriculture company. The product was created without genetic engineering. The first seeds to grow the wheat will be released on 2, 000 to 2, 800 hectares of American farmland next year, according to Reuters reports.
Developers or breeders create hybrid wheat by taking away the natural ability of plants to pollinate (授粉) themselves. Instead, female wheat plants in a field are pollinated by male plants of a different line. The goal of the process is to create seeds that can produce bigger crops and better resist harmful environments. The fertilized female plants produce a new kind of hybrid. Using this hybrid technology permits breeders to choose the best elements from two parent seeds to produce new seeds containing the best characteristics of both.
Producers say when seed companies produce hybrid wheat seeds, some female plants often fail to become fertilized because they depend on unpredictable winds to carry pollen (花粉). Pollen is a substance produced by plants when they reproduce. During some seasons, pollen is released into the air and carried to other plants to be fertilized. Producers say the fertilization of each plant is more certain during wheat’s natural process of self-pollination.
Researchers say the new hybrid wheat has to take long to come to market because the development process is more costly and complex. It could be important in increasing wheat yields and avoiding being linked to GMO development. GMO stands for genetically modified (改进的) organism. Genetically modified wheat has never been grown for industry purposes because of fears that allergens or poisons might be created. Wheat is used to make numerous major foods worldwide.
Dave Hankey owns a seed company in Park River, North Dakota. He told Reuters, “Because of the resistance to genetically modified stuff, the hybrid wheat would be considered better and safer.” He added it would certainly be the public view.
1. Which of the following leads the new hybrid wheat to be developed?A.The existing unsafe grain. |
B.The decreasing output of food. |
C.The application from American farmers. |
D.The Chinese agriculture company’s proposal. |
A.Requiring less fertilizer. |
B.Producing more but smaller crops. |
C.Improving their natural ability of self-pollination. |
D.Having better adaptability to the environment. |
A.It is simple and fruitful. | B.It is complex but low-cost. |
C.It is challenging but worthwhile. | D.It is temporary and limited. |
A.Critical. | B.Tolerant. |
C.Supportive. | D.Cautious. |
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【推荐1】The Internet plays a big part in human life. We use it for work and pleasure. We use it to learn a new language. We find advice on it. We use it to connect with family and friends. We use it to stay in touch with events we care about. The list goes on and on.
Well, that train has left the station. This expression means there is no going back to an Internet-free life. But can using the Internet too much be bad for our health? It might be, researchers say. A new study finds that heavy Internet use may be connected to high blood pressure in an unlikely group: teenagers.
High blood pressure makes your heart and blood vessels work too hard. Over time, this extra pressure increases your risk of a heart attack. High blood pressure can also cause heart and kidney disease. It is also closely linked to a brain disease.
The Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan did the study. 335 young people, from 14 to 17 years old , took part in it. 134 of the teens were described as “heavy Internet users.” And researchers found that out of these 134 teens,26 had high blood pressure. The researchers say the study is the first to connect heavy web use with high blood pressure. Other research has connected heavy Internet use with anxiety, depression and obesity.
The lead researcher is Andrea Cassidy Bushrow. She said, “Using the Internet is part of our daily life, but it shouldn’t ruin us.” Ms. Cassidy Bushrow adds that it is important for teens to take regular breaks from their computers or smartphones and do some kind of physical activity. She also suggests that parents limit their children’s use of the Internet to two hours a day, five days a week.
1. The expression “that train has left the station” in Para. 2 is used to show________.A.the Internet develops rapidly | B.no one can escape from the Internet |
C.the Internet can provide whatever we want | D.there is no going back to an Internet free life |
A.Causes of high blood pressure. | B.The harm of high blood pressure. |
C.The disadvantages of Internet use. | D.Ways to prevent high blood pressure. |
A.teenagers shouldn’t use the Internet |
B.the Internet will ruin human life in the future |
C.smartphones are more harmful than computers |
D.regular breaks are necessary when using the Internet |
A.Heavy Internet users are mostly teenagers | B.How to prevent teenagers from the Internet |
C.Too much Internet use may be bad for teenagers | D.Every coin has two sides—so does the Internet |
【推荐2】The power of positive thinking
Is your glass of milk half-full or half-empty?
Research shows that people who are optimistic and think positively tend to experience less stress and cope well when faced with life’s challenges. People who are more pessimistic (expect that the worst will happen) may find it hard to believe that these challenges will pass.
Worrying is like a fire alarm.
Everybody can worry from time to time. Worrying can help to keep you safe — if you were never worried and were overly positive about how things would turn out, you wouldn’t recognize risks. “
Learn to think positively.
Optimism is shaped by your genes which carry characteristics inherited from your parents and by what happens to you.
A.Your genes will in turn help obtain it. |
B.This question makes you lost in thought. |
C.Why is thinking positively good for you? |
D.Imagining this can motivate you to work to achieve it. |
E.Worrying is our brain warning us of something threatening. |
F.However, whatever your starting point is, everyone can learn it. |
G.This saying is often used to test people’s outlook in a situation. |
【推荐3】Hoping to live on the moon one day? Your chances just got a tiny bit better. Researchers found that lunar pits and caves reach stable temperatures, making them potentially suitable for human life.
Planetary scientists at the University of California, Los Angeles have been doing the research. Although much of the moon’s surface temperatures ranges from as high as 260 degrees during the day to as low as 280 degrees below zero at night, the moon has pits and caves where temperatures stay at roughly 63 degrees Fahrenheit, making human habitation a possibility, according to their new research.
For perspective, a day or night on the moon equals a little over two weeks on the earth—making long-term research and habitation difficult with such extremely hot and cold temperatures. Researchers say these stable spots could transform the future of lunar exploration and long-term habitation. The shadowed areas of these pits could also offer protection from harmful elements, such as solar radiation, universal rays and micrometeorites (微小陨石).
About 16 of the over 200 discovered pits most likely come from collapsed lava tubes—tunnels that form from cooled lava or crust, according to Tyler Horvath, a UCLA doctoral student and head of the research. The researchers think overhangs inside of these lunar pits, which were initially discovered in 2009, could be the reason for the stable temperature.
The research team also includes UCLA professor of planetary science David Paige and Paul Hayne at the University of Colorado Boulder. “Humans evolved living in caves, and to caves we might return when we live on the moon,” said Paige in a UCLA press release.
There are still plenty of other challenges to establishing any sort of long-term human residence on the moon—including growing food and providing enough oxygen. The researchers made clear that NASA has no immediate plans to establish a base camp or habitations there.
1. What did the researchers find?A.Humans like the life on the moon. |
B.People lived in lunar pits and caves. |
C.Steady temperature exists somewhere on the moon. |
D.Temperatures in caves and pits vary a lot on the moon. |
A.Solar heat. | B.Harmful liquids. | C.Universal gases. | D.Micrometeorites. |
A.Appeared. | B.Developed. | C.Hunted. | D.Escaped. |
A.It has no such plans. | B.Food there tastes bad. |
C.Many challenges exist. | D.There is no oxygen. |
【推荐1】Over the past few decades, children have been taking part less in free play and more in organized sports. While participation in organized sports has both social and physical benefits for young children, concerns about safety and benefits increase as participants get younger.
Though most children are naturally likely to be physically active, not all kids are willing to get up and move. Soccer coach Joseph Luxbacher says, “Every kid has the potential to be a good sportsman in different kinds of sports. Participating in organized sports such as the school soccer team introduces direction to children’s physical activities. Following a team schedule gives kids a set time and place to exercise. As a result, kids can be safe from accidents and be protected against hurt.”
What’s more, participating in organized sports gives children time to communicate with others and showing good sportsmanship. For young children who may still be very self-centered, participating in team sports teaches them to think about the group and encourages them to be happy about the success of their teammates. Kids can also benefit from spending time with their coach and having a chance to develop a positive relationship with an adult other than their parents, especially if the coach is both skilled and devoted to being a positive mentor.
Playing organized sports requires a lot of time for practice and games, so it would seem that this could influence students’ study. Actually it can ameliorate students’ test performance. That’s because to play organized sports well, players have to memorize information, do repetitive actions, and learn from teammates. All these types of learning skills can make students score higher.
Though it can come from many different sources——parents, coaches, teammates or themselves——many children who participate in organized sports feel pressured to succeed. While a little stress can be helpful in leading children to perform with increased focus and strength, too much stress will leave young kids feeling very tired. Organized sports are more likely to put the right amount of pressure on them.
1. What do Joseph Luxbacher’s words show?A.Organized sports can achieve kids’ potential. |
B.Most children prefer free play to organized sports. |
C.Organized sports can better secure kids from injuries. |
D.Most children have a set time and place to exercise. |
A.Kids can learn social skills by playing organized sports. |
B.Kids can meet better coaches by playing organized sports. |
C.Kids can show good judgement by playing organized sports. |
D.Kids can better communicate with parents by playing organized sports. |
A.Measure | B.Record | C.Recognize | D.Improve |
A.How organized sports can benefit children |
B.How to coach children in organized sports |
C.How organized sports put pressure on children |
D.How to become a good teammate in organized sports |
【推荐2】Can you think of something that has been around for thousands of years and is still used in different cultures around the world? Something that fits this description is makeup.
Even though makeup might seem new, it was an important part of daily life in ancient Egypt thousands of years ago. At that time, both men and women utilized things like eyeshadow, eyeliner and lipstick nearly every day.
For a better make-up result, a wealthier Egyptian woman would first clear her dead skin using salts from the Dead Sea. Then, she would use a milk-and-honey face mask to wet her skin. Taking milk baths was also a way to make the beauty routine (日常) a more luxurious experience. After all of this, the makeup could then be applied.
But people in ancient Egypt didn’t just use makeup to look more attractive. They also used it for rituals (宗教仪式). For example, a black powder called kohl was used around the eyes to protect them from the bright desert sun. In fact, the Egyptian word for “makeup palette” comes from a word that means “to protect”.
These makeup palettes (调色板) were used to mix colored powders with animal fat or vegetable oils to make the different products. They usually had symbols (符号) of animals or goddesses on them. It was believed that the powers of these animals would be put into the makeup when it was mixed together, giving the wearer unusual talents.
Interestingly enough, makeup was also an important part of ancient Egyptian burial rituals. From life into death and beyond, makeup helped to shape ancient Egyptian culture. Even though makeup is still used in modern times, it is interesting to know that it is linked to the ancient world.
1. What does the underlined word “utilized” in Paragraph 2 mean?A.bought. | B.used. |
C.removed. | D.changed. |
A.Go swimming in the Dead Sea. | B.Drink milk to wet their skin. |
C.Remove the dead skin with honey. | D.Follow a beauty routine. |
A.They helped deliver messages from goddesses. |
B.They protected them from bad luck. |
C.They gave people special abilities. |
D.They brought the dead back to life. |
A.Makeup in Ancient Egypt | B.Changes in Ancient Egyptian Culture |
C.The Rituals in Ancient Egypt | D.The Makeup Palettes in Ancient Egypt |
【推荐3】This spring, Facebook revealed that it’s developing a version of Instagram for children under 13 years old that gives kids the chance to connect with friends and family without seeing ads or being targeted by child predators(奴役儿童者).
But as any caregiver or parent knows, screens are addictive. Many adults can’t tear themselves away from their smartphones, computers, and televisions. And children are even less prepared to resist the lure. As is reported, kids between the ages of 8 and 12 already spend 1,200 hours a year in front of screens. What’s more, child-protection advocates also worry that Facebook, which owns Instagram, won’t be able to adequately protect young users’ privacy or stop them from cyberbullying.
Erin Wilkey Oh, content director at the nonprofit Common Sense Media, says, “Social media could benefit younger kids if it’s done thoughtfully. But Facebook’s track record shows the company may not really do what it promises. Plus, there are already ways for children to connect with family and friends online. Do they really need another app to make them spend more time on their devices?”
The relationship between kids and social media is more complicated than it seems. A 2020 survey conducted by Common Sense Media found that even though social media use was linked to depression and anxiety, many teens also saw social media as a way to access critical information about their mental and physical health and connect with their peers.
Despite the outcry(强烈抗议), Facebook doesn’t seem to slow its plans to roll out the app. So parents can minimize the potentially negative impacts. Parents can create a set of rules that details how much screen time kids are allowed each week and what they can watch. It’s not perfect, but it can help families balance screen time with exercise, and real-life social interactions that are vital to children’s well-being.
1. What does the underlined word “lure” in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Suffering. | B.Connection. |
C.Attraction. | D.Devotion. |
A.Social media do good to little kids. | B.Apps intended for kids are necessary. |
C.Facebook often breaks its promise. | D.Facebook doesn’t have to develop its new app. |
A.Social media do harm to children. |
B.Many kids benefit from social media in some way. |
C.Children shouldn’t have access to social media. |
D.More surveys should be done on social media. |
A.Keep their kids off Facebook. |
B.Show their kids real social skills. |
C.Stress negative influences online. |
D.Weigh their kids’ workout against online time. |
【推荐1】Tree planting used to be regarded as an effective means of controlling climate change. Perhaps it’s time for us to rethink this practice. Trees pull carbon dioxide or CO2 from the air. This effectively removes CO2 from the atmosphere, making trees an important part of the fight against climate change. But trees only hold onto carbon dioxide as long as they’re alive. Once they die, trees decay and release that CO2 back into the atmosphere.
Recent studies have found that trees around the world are growing faster than ever. Rising atmosphere CO2 is probably driving that rapid growth, said Roel Brienen. High levels of this gas are boosting temperatures, which in turn speeds tree growth in those areas, he added. The faster trees grow, the faster they store carbon. It seems like good news. However, it is known that fast-growing tree species, in general, live shorter lives than their slow-growing relatives.
In order to see whether this is a universal phenomenon, Brienen and his colleagues analyzed over 210,000 individual tree ring records of 110 tree species from more than 70,000 sites worldwide. “By measuring tree rings’ widths, one can tell how fast trees grew, while counting rings provides information on tree ages and allows making inferences about trees’ maximum lifespan.” Brienen explained.
The team also created a computer program that modeled a forest. Early on, it showed that “the forest could hold more carbon as the trees grew faster”, Brienen reported. But after 20 years, these trees stared dying and losing this extra carbon again. “We must understand that the only solution to bring down CO2 levels is to stop emitting it into the atmosphere,” said Brienen.
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.Where carbon dioxide or CO2 is. |
B.Whether trees will be planted or not. |
C.Why the atmosphere can remove carbon dioxide. |
D.Why trees against climate change should be rethought. |
A.Decline. | B.Decompose. | C.Decrease. | D.Deconstruct. |
A.They give off and store lots of CO2. | B.They belong to fast-growing species. |
C.Rising atmospheric CO2 may help them. | D.The surrounding trees may affect them. |
A.How to make the old trees live a little longer. |
B.Why the team founded the computer program. |
C.Why the faster trees grow, the longer they live. |
D.How to deal with dying trees emitting their extra carbon. |
President Thomas Jefferson, however, knew that tomatoes were good to eat. He was a learned man. He had been to Paris, where he learned to love the taste of tomatoes. He grew many kinds of tomatoes in his garden. The President taught his cook a way for a cream of tomato soup. This beautiful pink soup was served at the President’s party. The guests thought the soup tasted really good. They never thought their president would serve his honored guests poison apples.
Jefferson never spoke to his honored (忠实的) guests about the fact.
1. The passage tells us that Jefferson was a President who learned to love the taste of tomatoes .
A.when he was a little boy | B.while he was in Paris |
C.because his parents told him so | D.from books |
A.the President himself | B.a French cook |
C.the President’s cook | D.the President’s wife |
A.people from other countries | B.from France |
C.men only | D.people of his own country |
A.All of the guests knew the soup that was served at the President’s party was made of tomatoes. |
B.All of the guests thought the soup which was prepared by the President’s cook was nice. |
C.All of the guests thought the taste of the beautiful pink soup was nice. |
D.None of the guests knew that their president would serve his honored guests poison apples. |
【推荐3】Imagine a plate holding two strawberries, similar in appearance. One came out of a supermarket box, meaning it was probably harvested before it is fully grown, immediately placed in a forced-air cooling unit, loaded onto a refrigerated truck and driven hundreds of miles. By the time it reached the plate two weeks may have passed. The other strawberry was picked from a garden minutes before being eaten.
The first one will probably not taste good as expected. The second is likely to be sweet; the flavor will remain in the mouth. Supermarket strawberries are not entirely without advantages: they are convenient and available even in winter. But the two berries differ from each other in the same way that hearing music in a concert hall differs from listening to an MP3. The home-grown fruit is an eatable case for planting a home garden.
Planting cool-weather greens can seem meaningless as well-stocked supermarket shelves are available all week. But the same could be said of cooking: cheap and good restaurants everywhere, so why bother to make your own meals?
That attitude fails to understand the basic appeal of gardening: it mistakes the product for the purpose. It is true that a garden can produce tomatoes and carrots that taste like themselves rather than the plastic they are usually packaged in. Finding some favorite vegetables in the shops can take some time, effort and expense; growing your own vegetables, rare or routine, ensures a reliable supply.
On the other hand, a garden, especially in the early years, can also produce frustration. Creative gardeners may plant the wrong crops for their soil. Little animals may have the habit of taking single bites of cucumbers, beans and tomatoes. And even expert gardeners can lose a season’s harvest to uncooperative weather.
No matter. The real joy of gardening is the time spent doing it. The deepest pleasure- -as with cooking, writing, bringing up children or almost anything worthwhile- -is in the work itself. A gardener’s memories center not around the food produced, but around long summer afternoons with hands in the dirt of a home garden, surrounded by family. To garden is to patiently and lovingly help life grow, in the ground and above it.
1. What might have caused the strawberries to taste different in paragraph 1?A.Temperature. | B.Freshness. | C.Appearance. | D.Soil. |
A.To promote supermarket strawberries. |
B.To highlight the value of a home garden. |
C.To stress the differences between them. |
D.To provide suggestions on fruit shopping. |
A.Regarding planting a garden as worthless. |
B.Favoring what is grown in a home garden. |
C.Enjoying food made by yourself at home. |
D.Understanding what a garden is intended for. |
A.Stores can never take the place of a garden. |
B.Garden products are not for sale in the stores. |
C.Gardens may fail to produce what you want. |
D.Training is required for productive gardens. |
A.Observe patiently how plants grow all summer. |
B.Spend time taking care of a garden with family. |
C.Make friends with gardeners in the neighborhood. |
D.Labor lovingly to clean the dirt out of the garden. |