Researchers have found that men and women consumed 15 percent more calories when looking at their phones while eating. They also ate more fatty food. The groundbreaking study suggests that staring at a phone screen may distract diners from how much food they are actually eating.
“It may prevent the correct understanding of the brain over the amount of food ingested,”said researchers who filmed 62 volunteers eating alone.
The men and women, aged 18 to 28, were invited to help themselves to a choice of food – ranging from healthy options to soft drinks and chocolate – until they were satisfied. In three trials, the volunteers were recorded eating with no distractions, using a smartphone or reading a magazine.
On average, the volunteers ate 535 calories without the distraction of a smartphone but 591 when using a mobile.
Those in the sample who were classed as overweight ate 616 calories while using their phones. When in possession of their mobiles, the volunteers also consumed 10 percent more fatty foods. They also ate more when reading a magazine.
“Smartphone use during a meal increased calorie and fat intake,” said Márcio Gilberto Zangeronimoa, a lead author of the study – carried out at the Federal University of Lavras in Brazil and University Medical Center Utrecht in the Netherlands.
He added: “Tablets and smart phones have become the main ‘distracters”’during meals, even early in childhood, so it is important to pay attention to how this may impact food choices.”
“A distracter prevents the brain correctly understanding the amount of food ingested.” The study is published in the journal Physiology And Behavior.
1. What did the researchers take into consideration when designing the experiment?| A．The volunteers’ weight |
| B．The volunteers’ gender |
| C．The volunteers’ age |
| D．The volunteers’ hobby |
| A．positive | B．negative | C．indifferent | D．interested |
| A．To find the difference of man and woman . |
| B．To test the amount of food man and woman eat. |
| C．To search for a healthy way of using smart phone. |
| D．To warn us to avoid using smart phones during meals. |
| A．a wellness book | B．a magazine | C．a new report | D．a travel journal |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Breakfast is not only the most important meal of the day, it is also the most neglected. Common reasons for not eating breakfast include lack of time, not feeling hungry, traditional dislike for breakfast, and dieting.
Breakfast simply means “break the fast”. Your body spends at least 6 to 12 hours each night in a fasting state. In the morning your body needs energy for the day's work ahead.
A good breakfast should provide up to 1/3 of your total calories needed for the day. On average(平均) we eat 400 less calories for breakfast than for dinner. If breakfast doesn’t attract you in the morning, try to eat a little.
If you aren't hungry in the morning, start with something small like juice or toast or have a nutritious mid-morning snack later when you are hungry.
So, you say you're on a diet. Some people fear eating breakfast will make them hungrier during the day and they will eat more. It is true that eating breakfast is likely to make you eat more. That's because your body is working all day long.
Not eating breakfast can also cause you to overeat, since a fall in blood sugar often makes you feel very hungry later. To make matters worse, since your body is in a slowed state it will not be able to burn those extra calories very quickly. If you feed your body healthy snacks and meals through the day, you are less likely to become hungry and fill yourself as soon as you begin to eat. Since breakfast is the first and most important meal of the day choosing the right fuel is important. The best breakfast foods are fruits, juice, lean meat, and grain products such as bread, rice, noodles
1. Which of the following statements is NOT the reason for not having breakfast?| A．Their time is limited. | B．They want to lose weight. |
| C．They don't feel hungry. | D．They want to have a rest. |
| A．Certain kind of food. |
| B．Movement. |
| C．Going without food. |
| D．Quickness. |
| A．have some snacks when hungry | B．have a good dinner |
| C．see a doctor to have an examination | D．go to a restaurant to enjoy a good meal |
| A．it's OK not to have breakfast 2. |
| B．it's necessary to have a right breakfast. |
| C．you can decided whether to have breakfast. |
| D．it's important to go on a diet at breakfast. |
【推荐2】Good health is the most valuable thing in the world. When you’ve got it, you never think about it. When you haven’t got it, you think about it all the time. Our biggest enemies are not terrible diseases and so on. We are our own biggest enemies because we sometimes destroy our own good health. Some of us eat too much, drink too much and smoke too much. And though our reason tells us we should control ourselves, we find it difficult. The fact is that most human beings need stimulation (刺激). Who doesn’t enjoy a drink after a busy day? Only a smoker knows the pleasure of a cigarette with a cup of coffee.
The danger is when these innocent pleasures run our lives and so destroy our health. When you find yourself eating between meals or eating too much rich food, when you can only keep yourself going by taking frequent drinks or by smoking one cigarette after another, then it’s time to stop and think what you might be doing to yourself. The funny thing is that when we don’t control ourselves, simple pleasures are no longer simple pleasures.
All right, I know what you’re thinking. You’re probably saying, “It’s easy to say, but I can’t help myself. I need that extra bit of food, that extra drink, that extra cigarette. Life has so many pleasures that I can’t do without them.” But I’m saying you can help yourself. Not only that, you must help yourself. Because if you don’t help yourself, no one else can. So be your own best friend.
1. According to the author, ________ our biggest enemies of health.
| A．too much drinking is | B．too much smoking is |
| C．eating too much is | D．we ourselves are |
| A．I can’t do it myself | B．I must ask someone to help |
| C．I can’t control myself | D．do help me, please |
| A．terrible diseases and so on |
| B．to enjoy pleasures after a busy day |
| C．the difficulty of controlling ourselves |
| D．that we should control ourselves to keep healthy |
【推荐3】After too many "Ill start next Mondays"， you finally decide to start your clean eating plan．
Keep your goal in mind
Some people go as far as to suggest sticking a picture of your ideal body on your fridge． If that can work for you， go ahead．
This doesn't mean eating a cheat meal or the chocolate you have been dreaming of． Try connecting rewards with non﹣food items rather than junk food． Reward your fitness exercise and clean eating with dancing， singing Karaoke or new jeans to go with your new figure．
Start small．
We've heard that Rome wasn't built in a day． We should follow the same principle when it comes to dropping weight or eating clean．
Prepare healthy snacks
| A．Reward yourself． |
| B．Watch your weight． |
| C．Beat the temptation by always being prepared． |
| D．Just remember why you started beating the temptation． |
| E．When you feel really thirsty， have a cup of cold water instead． |
| F．We can start by making one simple small change every week or two． |
| G．You look at the model on the cover of a magazine and wonder how she made it． |
【推荐1】One of the most dangerous insects you need to watch out for during summer is mosquitoes. But no matter how you try to avoid them, some people naturally attract mosquitoes more than others.
One of the most important facts to remember is that mosquitoes track people down by smell and body odour(气味), according to Bart Knols, PhD, a biologist devoted to the study of mosquitoes. The carbon dioxide people breathe out, along with chemicals from the skin, creates an “odour plume” that mosquitoes can detect from up to almost 100 feet away. “Each person gives off more than 300 chemicals from the skin, more than 100 in breathing out,” Knols says.
The specific mixtures on the skin that mosquitoes respond to vary by species. The yellow fever mosquito and Asian tiger mosquito, for example, respond well to lactic acid from skin. African malaria mosquitoes respond to a mix of fatty acids, according to Knols. Your individual mixtures and smells determine how much of a mosquito attraction you are, depending on the mosquito species. The mix of chemicals you produce are only partly in your control. These chemicals depend on your genetic make-up, health condition, diet, skin pH, and so on. “Bacteria(细菌)on the skin break down the mixtures that we give off through our pores(毛孔), and these are the attractive smells,” Knols says. “So it is not actually we that attract mosquitoes, but the bacteria on our skin.”
Although this is a complex and partly understood phenomenon, Knols says that we do all have a unique smell. There are many folk stories about why some people are more or less attractive to mosquitoes. Some people falsely think the blood type is the cause, and others believe taking vitamin B or eating garlic makes people less attractive to mosquitoes—but Knols notes there’s no scientific data backing these claims.
1. What do we learn from the second paragraph?| A．Mosquitoes can detect people with smell. | B．Nobody can avoid mosquitoes anyway. |
| C．A person breathes out over 300 chemicals. | D．People naturally attract mosquitoes. |
| A．To persuade readers to protect the environment. |
| B．To warn people against touching mosquitoes. |
| C．To show different mosquitoes react to mixtures. |
| D．To make people look out for poisonous mosquitoes. |
| A．Chemicals in the mouth. | B．Mixtures people give off. |
| C．Smells from the pores. | D．Bacteria on the skin. |
| A．The Scientific Reason You Are a Mosquito Attraction |
| B．Folk Stories about How Mosquitoes Attack People |
| C．Attitudes toward Mosquitoes Different People Have |
| D．Ways to Make People More and More Attractive |
【推荐2】Social media use has been linked to depression, especially in teenage girls. But a new study argues that the issue may be more complex than experts think.
The research involved interviews with 10,000 teenagers in England. “Our results suggest social media itself doesn’t cause harm, but that frequent use may disrupt activities that positively impact mental health such as sleeping and exercising, while increasing exposure of young people to harmful content, particularly cyberbullying (网络欺凌),” study co-author Russell Viner said in a statement.
Bob Patton, a lecturer of the University of Surrey, said this means strategies focusing only on reducing social media use to improve mental health might not help. He said, “Building strategies to increase resilience (适应力) to cyberbullying and promote better sleep and exercise is needed to reduce psychological (心理的) harm.”
The research was conducted by interviewing teenagers once a year. They would report the frequency of their using social media. More than three times daily was considered “very frequent”. The researchers noted that they did not capture how much time the participants spent on these websites, which was a limitation of the study. “For boys, the impact on their mental health may result from other reasons,” the authors said.
The researchers found that, in both sexes, very frequent social media use was associated with greater psychological harm. The effect was especially clear among girls: The more often they checked social media, the greater their psychological harm was.
But most impact on psychological harm in girls could be accounted for by lower sleep quality and greater exposure to cyberbullying, with decreased physical activities playing a lesser role. But for boys, those factors explained only 12% of the effects of very frequent social media use on psychological harm.
“It’s an important distinction,” said Ann DeSmet, a professor at Ghent University in Belgium. “If healthy lifestyles can be replaced, the positive effects of social media use, such as encouraging social interactions, can be more supported.”
1. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?| A．The risk of cyberbullying. | B．The report of the statement. |
| C．The findings of the research. | D．The functions of social media. |
| A．The need to fight against mental harm. | B．The proper way to improve mental health. |
| C．The benefit of limiting social media use. | D．The impact of social media use on people. |
| A．It had shortcomings. | B．It needed more attention. |
| C．It was the first in its class. | D．It was difficult to carry out. |
| A．The research on teenage girls | B．The harm of using social media |
| C．Social interactions are encouraged | D．Social media use influences girls especially |
【推荐3】For Caribbean box jellyfish (水母), learning is literally a no-brainer.
In a new experiment, these animals learned to spot and avoid obstacles (障碍物) despite having no central brain, researchers report in Current Biology. This is the first evidence that jellyfish can make mental connections between events and change their behavior accordingly. “Maybe learning doesn’t need a very complex nervous system, but rather, learning is an essential part of nerve cells,” says Jan Bielecki, a neuroethologist at Kiel University in Germany. If so, the new finding could help trace how learning evolved in animals.
Bielecki and his colleagues wondered if Caribbean box jellyfish could learn that low-contrast objects, which might at first seem distant, were actually close by. The team put 12 jellyfish into a round tank surrounded by low-contrast, gray and white stripes. A camera filmed the animals’ behavior for about seven minutes.
At first, the jellyfish seemed to interpret the gray stripes as distant roots and swam into the tank wall. But those collisions (碰撞) seemed to lead the jellyfish to treat the gray stripes more like close roots in dirty water, and the animals started avoiding them. The jellies’ average distance from the tank wall increased from about 2.5 centimeters in the first couple of minutes to about 3.6 centimeters in the final couple of minutes. Their average collisions into the wall dropped from 1.8 per minute to 0.78 per minute.
“I found that really amazing,” says Nagayasu Nakanishi, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville, who has studied jellyfish nervous systems but was not involved in the new work. “I never thought jellyfish could really learn.”
Neurobiologist Björn Brembs views the results more cautiously, noting the small number of jellyfish tested and the variability in their performance. “I want this to be true, as it would be very cool,” says Brembs. Experiments with more jellyfish could convince him that the animals really do learn.
1. What can we know about the jellyfish in paragraph 2?| A．They can avoid obstacles with a central brain. |
| B．They can change their behaviour after evolution. |
| C．They may have learning abilities with nerve cells. |
| D．They may develop a very complex nervous system. |
| A．They completely ignored the gray stripes. |
| B．They gradually started avoiding the gray stripes. |
| C．They could avoid collisions if given enough time. |
| D．They increased their collisions with the tank wall. |
| A．Jellyfish preferred the gray stripes over other things. |
| B．Jellyfish were unable to learn from their environment. |
| C．Jellyfish relied on the distant objects to change their behavior. |
| D．Jellyfish showed a learning process and adjusted their behavior. |
| A．He believes more testing is needed to confirm the results. |
| B．He is excited by the potential implications of the findings. |
| C．He dismisses the findings as irrelevant to jellyfish behavior. |
| D．He is doubtful due to the consistent performance of the jellyfish. |
【推荐1】Like most other American high school students, Garret Morgan imagined his life repeatedly: Go to college and get a bachelor’s (学士) degree. However, Morgan made a big decision in 2018. He started training as an ironworker, which was what he was doing on a weekday morning in an industrial park.
Back then, the demand (需求) for ironworkers was rising and it still is. Ironworkers get about $27.48 per hour. At 20, Morgan got $28.36 an hour. Five years later, he’s on the job full time, working for 10 hours a day, six days a week. “I’m loving it every day,” he said. “It was the right choice.”
While a shortage of workers pushes pay higher in the skilled trades, the financial return from a bachelor’s degree is softening. But high school graduates have been so effectively encouraged to get a bachelor’s degree that high-paid jobs requiring shorter and less expensive training are going unfilled.
The Washington State Auditor (WSA) found in 2017 that good jobs in the skilled trades were going begging because most high school students go for bachelor’s degrees. It’s still true in Washington State and around the country. Among other things, the WSA suggested that career guidance (就业指导), including choices that require less than four years in college, start as early as the seventh grade.
Some 30 million jobs in the United States that pay around $55,000 per year don’t require bachelor’s degrees, according to the Georgetown Center on Education and the Workforce.
Yet the march to bachelor’s degrees continues. “There’s a belief that the bachelor’s degree is the American dream,” said Kate Kreamer, an expert in career and technical education. “The challenge is that sometimes the degree might keep students from getting jobs. Students are going to college without a plan, without a career in mind, because the mindset in high school is just ‘Go to college’.”
1. How does Garret Morgan feel about his decision made in 2018?| A．Doubtful. | B．Worried. | C．Regretful. | D．Satisfied. |
| A．High school graduates prefer to attend college. |
| B．It’s difficult for them to ask for a pay raise. |
| C．It takes a long time to go on training courses. |
| D．Well-paid jobs ask for a high degree of skill. |
| A．Similar. | B．Exciting. | C．Unwanted. | D．Popular. |
| A．Develop new skills they need to be successful. |
| B．Keep an open mind about high school education. |
| C．Make plans for their career before going to college. |
| D．Go for their American dreams as early as possible. |
【推荐2】No more wet towels on the bathroom floor, and no more empty juice plastic boxes. No more doors closing at 3 a.m., and no more coming home to a noisy crowd of strangers around the kitchen table. There’s nothing so quiet, says a friend whose youngest has just moved out.
But if adjusting to an empty nest can be tough, it seems there is one thing tougher: a formerly empty nest that suddenly fills back up again. According to a research from the London School of Economics (LSE), parents whose grown up children don’t actually manage to leave — who move out, only to bounce right back again — are actually less happy than those whose fledglings (幼鸟) heartlessly fly off without a backward glance. The quality of life for parents of boomerang kids fell on average by about 0.8 points on the LSE researchers’ scale.
A quarter of young British adults now live with their parents, more than at any time since records began in1966. But more shockingly, this is no longer just about the young. Around a quarter of a million people aged between 35 and 44 still live at home with their parents and the idea that that can all be blamed on helicopter parents making it too easy for their little darlings not to grow up isn’t logical. Midlife divorce, insecure gig economy work and straightforward poverty all play their part in driving what were once perfectly functioning grown-ups back to their teenage bedrooms.
These kids are admittedly luckier than those for whom going back home is sadly not an option. But when choosing to live with your mum is the only way of coping with an insecure job, or with the costs of renting in the city, then that’s not much of a choice. Home is still the place where, when you have to go there, they have to take you in. But a healthy and successful society shouldn’t be sending quite many overgrown children hurrying back for shelter, and nor should it leave quite many parents feeling bad about it.
1. What can we know from the first two paragraphs?| A．More youngsters are leaving their parents. | B．The quality of life for those parents is declining. |
| C．Parents expect their children to live together. | D．Adults dislike returning to their original home. |
| A．To avoid their life pressure. | B．To accompany elderly parents. |
| C．To recall their childhood memory. | D．To help parents adapt to the empty nest. |
| A．Favorable. | B．Confused. | C．Tolerant. | D．Disapproving. |
| A．Is the nest really empty? | B．Does the empty nest matter? |
| C．What concerns grown- ups? | D．How do parents help their kids? |
【推荐3】Maeve Higgins once set herself a task. The Irish-born comedian wanted to see what life would be like if she stopped laughing at things that weren’t funny. Turns out it wasn’t as easy as she thought. “It was so hard,” she says. “ Laughter is a lubricant (润滑油) and is expected, and it’s really hard not to do it.”
Higgins suggests there’s something particularly special about being part of the shared experience that is live comedy — that curious magic that occurs when people come together specifically to laugh.
Comedy is more than just a pleasant way to pass an evening, humour more than something to amuse. They’re interwoven into our everyday existence. Whether you’re sharing an amusing story at a party or telling a dark joke at a funeral, humour is everywhere. But what is it for? And can humour, as comedy, change how we feel, what we think or even what we do?
As an essential part of human interaction, humour has been on the minds of thinkers for centuries. One of the most enduring theories of humour was put forward by the philosopher Thomas Hobbes. It asserts that humour appears to make fun of the weak and exert superiority. While this is clearly the function of some comedy, it’s far from a complete explanation for the overall purpose of humour.
For some comedians, it’s not just about getting laughs — it’s about changing what we think and maybe even what we do. If there’s one comic who is really typical of this, it’s Josie Long. A social justice activist and a comedian, Long has a reputation for delightful, optimistic humour and storytelling.
As her career has evolved, she has consciously put social and political topics at the heart of her act. She believes that comedians have a role to play in challenging some of the most pressing issues of the day.
British comic Stephen K Amos sells out venues seating thousands, year in, year out. Amos firmly believes that when comics consciously deal with pressing or controversial （有争议的）social issues like racism, they can reach people on a much more meaningful level than that achieved by briefly lifting someone’s mood. And while it may be difficult to quantify, he says, the social and psychological impact of comedy deserves much greater recognition.
The research backs this up. Although the role of comedy is to be entertaining first and foremost, Sharon Lockyer, a sociologist who studies humour, has identified a number of possible other functions. These include challenging stereotypes (刻板印象).
Amos’s work frequently settles the issues of race by challenging stereotypes.”I don’t do things for shock value,” he says. “ I do stuff that matters to me. In the old days it was just about doing jokes. We’ve moved on — people are talking about things that matter. ”
1. What do the first two paragraphs mainly talk about?| A．The benefits of laughing. |
| B．What a comedian’s daily work is about. |
| C．Why Maeve Higgins chose to be a comedian. |
| D．Maeve Higgins’ understanding of the appeal of comedy. |
| A．Protect the weak from the evil. |
| B．Encourage people to be stronger. |
| C．Be determined to improve oneself. |
| D．Show you are better than other people. |
| A．By gradually influencing people’s attitudes. |
| B．By urging politicians to try and solve the issues. |
| C．By quickly yet thoroughly changing people’s thinking. |
| D．By calling on the whole society to pay attention to the issues. |
| A．getting people to laugh |
| B．promoting social progress |
| C．influencing people’s ideas |
| D．making people more productive |
【推荐1】A living robot has been created out of frog skin cells. Xenobots, named after the frog species Xenopus laevis (非洲爪蝴) that the cells come from, were first described last year. Now the team behind the robots has improved their design and demonstrated new capabilities.
To create the xenobots, Michael Levin at Tufts University in Massachusetts and his colleagues obtained tissue from 24-hour-old frog embryos (胚胎) after very small physical operation. Where the previous version relied on the contraction (收缩) of heart muscle cells to move them forward by pushing off surfaces, these new xenobots swim around faster. They also live between three and seven days longer than their previous generation, which only lasted about seven days, and have the ability to sense their surroundings to some extent, turning red when exposed to blue light.
The fundamental finding here is that when you free skin cells from their normal context, and you give them a chance to build other things than what they normally build,” says Levin. “To me, one of the most exciting things here is that they are plastic. This idea that even normal cells, not genetically modified (更改), are in fact capable of building something completely different.”
Because they are created from cells, the xenobots eventually break apart and are totally biodegradable (能降解的), says team member Douglas Blackiston, also at Tufts University. He therefore hopes that they can be used for biomedical and environmental applications.
Previous attempts at creating living robots, such as a wirelessly controlled cockroach, have involved dealing with live animals, raising ethical (伦理的) concerns. Xenobots differ from these because they are made entirely of living cells. “The approach here is maybe ethically the least problematic because everything starts with cells. They have no neurons (神经元)，so it’s not an animal,” says Auke ljspeert at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology at Lausanne, who wasn’t involved in the research. “It’s really cells, so I find it maybe the cleanest way.”
1. How were the new xenobots created?| A．By making use of frog embryos. |
| B．By relying on heart muscle cells. |
| C．By sensing similar surroundings. |
| D．By exposing them to blue light. |
| A．fragile. | B．valuable. |
| C．flexible. | D．active. |
| A．The xenobots can’t break down easily. |
| B．The xenobots need to be further perfected. |
| C．The xenobots can be applied in other fields. |
| D．The xenobots have already been widely used. |
| A．The new approach starts with some neurons. |
| B．Xenobots have raised least ethical concerns. |
| C．The wireless controlled cockroach is a failure. |
| D．Previous living robots involve few living animals. |
【推荐2】The Internet has completely changed the workplace over the past three decades. Artificial Intelligence is now all set to do the same, and businesses that don't take advantage of the technology risk being left behind.
Global tech giants (巨头) like Amazon have been leading the change, and businesses of all sizes are now using the technology for employing and managing their staff.
Among them is L'Oreal. With about a million applicants for roughly 15,000 new positions each year, the company is using AI to hire.
“We really wanted to save time and focus more on quality, diversity and candidate experience. And AI solutions were the best way to go faster on these challenges, said Eva Azoulay, global vice-president of L'Oreal's Human Resources Department.
The company uses Mya, a chatbot, to save employers' time during the first stage of the process. It handles routine questions from candidates, and checks details such as availability and visa requirements. Should candidates make it to the next round, they’ll run into Seedlink, an AI software that scores applicants based on their answers to open-ended interview questions. These scores don't replace human judgment, said Azoulay, but they do pick out candidates who might not seem like obvious choices.
Early results have been promising. For one internship program, where 12,000 people apply for about 80 spots, employers claim they saved 200 hours of time while hiring the most diverse group to date.
Other businesses have gone beyond employment and are using AI to help manage employees. Some UK firms have started using Isaak, a system designed by the London-based company StatusToday, to track how many hours staff spend online and the number of emails they receive. London real estate agent JBrown has been using this system since March. CEO James Brown said it helps the firm understand employees' habits and prevent them from overworking. “It enables us to solve bottleneck problems and relieve overburdened employees,” he said.
Despite these examples of good practice, there is still a long way for AI to reach its full potential (潜力), and the technology comes with risks. Another AI danger could be its impact on jobs through automation (自动化). McKinsey predicts AI could add $13 trillion to the global economy by 2030, with early adopters doubling their cash flow over that period. But the demand for repetitive (重复的) or digitally-unskilled jobs could drop by around 10%, the consulting firm said in a 2018 report.
1. What can we learn about AI technology from Paragraph 1?| A．It causes a great problem in workplace. |
| B．It will replace the Internet in the future. |
| C．It requires businesses to invest much money. |
| D．It will become a necessary part of business. |
| A．pick out the most suitable candidates directly |
| B．come up with more questions unlimitedly |
| C．improve the company's hiring efficiency |
| D．save money by replacing human judgment |
| A．prevent their employees from surfing the Internet |
| B．force their employees to form good working habits |
| C．monitor the contents of all their employees' emails |
| D．help their employees avoid being overstressed at work |
| A．setting examples |
| B．making comparisons |
| C．examining differences |
| D．following the time order |
【推荐3】 A healthy diet may not offset (抵消) the effects of a high salt intake on blood pressure, suggests a new study. The research, from scientists at a number of institutions, studied the diets of over 4,000 people. The results showed that people eating higher amounts of salt had higher blood pressure — no matter how healthy a person’s overall diet.
The scientists behind the research are now advising people to monitor their salt intake-and food companies to lower the salt content in their products.
High blood pressure affects more than one in four adults in the UK, and increases the risk of a number of conditions including heart attacks and stroke. It’s thought that vitamins and minerals in fruit and vegetables might in some way affect blood vessels (血管), enabling them to lower blood pressure. Previously, experts believed that eating high amounts of fruit and vegetables might help offset the effects of high salt on blood pressure. However, while these foods do tend to lower blood pressure, the new research suggests they do not offset the adverse influence of high salt intake.
In the paper, the team studied data from the so-called INTERMAP study. In this study published in 2018，scientists tracked the diets of 4, 680 people, aged 40-59, from the USA, the UK, Japan and China. The researchers found a link between high blood pressure and high salt intake, even in people who were on a healthy diet.
The recommended upper limit of adult salt intake in the UK is 6 g a day. The study found that the average salt intake across the study was 10.7 g a day. The average intake for the UK was 8.5 g while the intake for the USA, China and Japan were9.6g, 13.1 g and 11.7 g respectively.
Increasing salt intake above this average amount was linked 10 an increase in blood pressure. Dr Queenie Chan, joint lead author of the research, said the research shows the importance o cutting salt intake.
1. What can food industry do to help lower people’s high blood pressure?| A．Take control of their salt production. |
| B．Monitor the quality of their products. |
| C．Cut down salt content in their products. |
| D．Make salt-free food only. |
| A．Adventurous. |
| B．Harmful. |
| C．Brief. |
| D．Average, |
| A．The USA. |
| B．The UK. |
| C．China. |
| D．Japan. |
| A．High blood pressure is related to high salt intake |
| B．A healthy diet may not offset high salt intake |
| C．Research shows the importance of cutting salt intake |
| D．People eating higher amounts of salt have higher blood pressure |
