【推荐2】One of the most important things of the U. S. government’s routine in 2020 is to raise the federal (联邦) legal age for buying tobacco from age 18 to 21.

Beginning in the summer of 2020, it will be against the law to sell tobacco to anyone under the age of 21. Since 1990, the legal age permitted to buy cigarette is at least 18. The law also includes e-cigarette, not just traditional tobacco products like cigarettes and cigars, adding regulation to this industry, which has developed largely unchecked.

The use of E-cigarette has increased sharply among U. S. teenagers. According to the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, 27.5% of U. S. high school students have used e-cigarette in the past month. Raising the age one can buy tobacco is intended to avoid what many people are calling an epidemic, which is doing great harm to the health of American teenagers.

A recent outbreak of the disease related to e-cigarette has raised even more concern about e-cigarette products , although the disease is largely linked to cartridges (药筒) filled with addictive Vitamin E acetate sold in black market.

In a statement to TIME, the American Lung Association considered raising the age one can buy tobacco as an easy way to protect children’s health and prevent them from getting addicted to nicotine.

Those in favor of e-cigarette have made it clear that they support raising the legal age permission for buying and using tobacco, arguing that e-cigarette products are never designed for young people. Some anti-cigarette (反对吸烟) people have expressed their doubt of this opinion.

At present, twenty states have already raised the legal age to buy cigarette to 21.

【推荐1】On holidays you' re likely to eat and overeat between family gatherings, office parties and celebrations with friends.     1    . Here are some tips to help you enjoy holiday food without completely changing your diet:

①. Switch to small plates.

Not only do smaller dishes fill up faster, but the same amount of food looks like more when it's on a small dish.     2    . But whatever the size of your plate, it's most important to remember to keep it balanced: half for vegetables, a quarter for grains and a quarter for meat.

②. Measure out snacks.

Your favorite holiday movie is on. Take a minute to check the nutrition label (标签) and measure out a serving (一人份) to keep calories under control. Take one popular brand of buttered microwave popcorn for example.     3    . But the bag contains 2.5 servings. Eat the whole thing on your own, and you'll have eaten 425 calories.

③. Divide a main dish.

Many restaurants serve far more food than one person needs in a single meal.     4    . Or pack half your main dish to go as soon as it's served. Or choose a small-size option, if available.

④. Stop eating when you feel satisfied.

You don't have to feel too full, or force yourself to clean your plate, before putting down your fork. You're aiming for feeling no longer hungry instead of a complete fullness that indicates you've overdone it.    5    . When you're satisfied, save the rest for tomorrow.

【推荐3】How many afternoons have you slowly moved over to the office coffee machine and wondered: Is this really my fourth cup of the day? Or wait, is it my fifth? We've all been there, but a new study shows refilling your cup too often could be hurting your health.

The study, published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition suggests that drinking six or more cups of coffee per day may increase your risk of heart disease by up to 22%. Researchers from the University of South Australia also found a specific gene, called CYP1A2, which enables people to consume caffeine faster than those without it.

Overall, the researchers found that people who drank six or more cups of coffee a day were 22% more likely to develop cardiovascular （心血管的）disease, compared to those who drank one to two cups daily. The study authors believe that coffee （in large quantities） and heart problems may be linked because excess caffeine consumption can cause high blood pressure, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Most people would agree that if you drink a lot of coffee, you might feel nervous and irritable （易怒的）.That's because caffeine helps your body work faster and harder, but it is also likely to suggest that you may have reached your limit for the time being. That doesn't mean that any and all coffee is bad for your heart, however. In fact, the researchers also found that participants who didn't drink coffee at all — and those who drank decaf — also had higher rates of heart disease （11% and 7% higher, respectively） than those who drank one to two cups per day. Previous research has found coffee is rich in antioxidants （抗氧化物质） and may reduce the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.

【推荐1】Cold Weather Helps Your Body

We think of winter as cold and flu season, but the chilly temperatures have powerful biological upsides too.

    1    Studies have found that people perform some cognitive(认知的) tasks(such as making decisions) better when the temperature is cooler. Research has also shown that people less tend to tackle complex tasks in the summer than in the winter. The brain requires glucose(葡萄糖) to function, but the body uses more of it in warmer temperatures to keep the body cool. That leaves less available fuel for reasoning and remembering tasks.

When its cold, your body works harder to keep your core temperature, which is typically about 98.6 degrees.    2    So tie up your boot: A recent study of 53 people showed that participants burned 34 percent more calories when they hiked in 14- to 23 -degree temperatures than they did hiking on 50-degree days.

Your body's core temperature drops when you're trying to sleep.This process can take up to two hours in the summer, but it's much faster in winter.    3    

Yes, you might get more colds during the winter. However, studies have shown that the immune(免疫的)system can be activated by colder temperatures, which improves our ability to fight infections. That said, the flu virus becomes stronger in cold, dry air, and time spent indoors increases your chance of infection.    4    

In cold weather, the heart works harder to pump blood and keep the body's core temperature. That's a good thing .    5    Once you warm up, you may be able to go farther than when it's hot outside. But if you are at risk for heart disease, be careful when exercising outdoors in the cold; the extra stress can cause problems.

【推荐2】October 15th is the Global Handwashing Day. Activities are planned in more than 20 countries to get millions of people in the developing world to wash their hands with soap（肥皂）. For example, donators（捐献者）will give 150,000 bars of soap to schools in Ethiopia.

Experts say people around the world wash their hands every day, but very few use soap at so-called important moments. These include after using the toilet, after cleaning a baby and before touching food.

Global Handwashing Day is the idea of the Public-Private Partnership for Handwashing with Soap. Partners include the United Nations Children’s Fund, American government agencies, the World Bank and soap makers Unlever and Procter and Gamble. The organizers say all soaps are equally effective at removing disease-causing germ（细菌）. They say the correct way to wash is to wet your hands with a small amount of water and cover them with soap. Rub it into all areas, including under the fingernails. Rub for at least twenty seconds. Then rinse well under running water. Finally, dry your hands with a clean cloth or wave them in the air.

The Partnership for Handwashing says soap is important because it increases the time that people spend in washing hands. Soap also helps to break up the dirt that holds most of the germs. And it usually leaves a pleasant smell. The Partnership for Handwashing also says washing with soap before eating or after using the toilet could save more lives than any vaccine（疫苗）or medicine. Hand washing could also prevent the spread of other diseases. When people get germs on their hands, they can infect（传染）themselves by touching their eyes, noses or mouths. Then they can infect others.