For the past 100 years, people believed middle age to be around 50 years old. This is a time when we start to grow old. However, new research says we have to change this. A study from the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIAS) in Austria and Stony Brook University in New York says middle age now starts at 60 or even 65, or older. Why?
The biggest reason is that we are living longer. We are also healthier, we have better diets, we exercise more and we have more money to live in a nicer lifestyle. The IIAS said, ＂Since life expectancy has increased over the past several decades, and are continuing to increase, people once considered old should actually be viewed as more middle aged.＂
The study was not a worldwide one so perhaps not everyone in all countries can say they are middle aged when they are 65. The researchers looked at populations in 39 European countries, so this is good news for Europeans. Britain’s National Health Service warned against looking at this study and believing it to be 100 percent true. It said the researchers did not look at things which could reduce life expectancy: ＂We don’t know whether, for example, they factored (把……因素包括进去) in the possible impact of being unable to treat infections because of rising antibiotic (抗生素) resistance, or the increased numbers of people with diabetes (糖尿病) due to obesity.＂ It recommended healthy living, eating and exercise as a way to live longer.
1. What do people believe for the past century?| A．People start to grow old when they are about 50. |
| B．Middle age is far beyond 50 years old. |
| C．People will die at around 50 years old. |
| D．Middle age is a time when people become ill. |
| A．The main reason why we are living longer. |
| B．The reason why middle age now starts at 60 or even 65. |
| C．Life expectancy has increased. |
| D．Middle aged people were once considered old. |
| A．It believes the study to be true. |
| B．To live longer, one should live a healthy life. |
| C．There are more people who suffer from diabetes due to obesity. |
| D．The researchers didn’t factor in the possible impact. |
| A．Indifferent. | B．Supportive. |
| C．Negative. | D．Objective. |
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【推荐1】Whether they are furry, feathered or scaly (多鳞的), the non-human members of your family help you in more ways that you knōw.
They keep you active. If you have a dog, chances are that you’re walking it at least 30minutes a day, and likely more — an activity that goes a long way towards keeping you fit.
They boost your immune system. Growing up indoors in disinfected spaces later causes our bodies to over-react to harmless substances, making us more allergic. As is often the case, pets have muddy paws, abundant furs and affection for licking (舔) us.
They lower your risk of a fatal heart attack. Researchers found that cat owners had a 30per cent lower risk of dying of a heart attack.
They help you manage a chronic disease.
| A．They also improve your mental health |
| B．They contribute a lot to our strong body |
| C．With the considerate care from the owners |
| D．Here are some ways that your pet pal benefits you |
| E．With their regular tasks of feeding, walks and play |
| F．They introduce more bacterial diversity that our body adapts to |
| G．But you may wonder how it comes about without taking a cat for walks |
The reason behind why the civilizations in and around modern-day Israel suddenly broke down more than 3,000 years ago has remained a mystery up until now. A new pollen study by Tel Aviv University researchers finally solved this Bronze Age mystery.
Prof. Israel Finkelstein showed that owing to serious climate changes, the entire world of the Bronze Age crumbled in a short period of time. The discovery was made on the basis of a high-resolution analysis of pollen grains taken from sediments (沉淀物) beneath the Sea of Galilee and the western shore of the Dead Sea.
Prof. Finkelstein received support from the European Research Council to conduct research aimed at reconstructing ancient Israel. Researchers of the part of the project that dealt with climate change extracted (提取) about 60 feet of samples of gray muddy sediment from the center of the Sea of Galilee in northern Israel. They had to drill through 1,000 feet of water and into 65 feet of the lake bed and were able to recover evidence dating over the past 9,000 years.
“Pollen is the most enduring organic material in nature,” explained Dr. Dafna Langgut, a pollen researcher who carried out the actual work of sampling. “These grains tell us about the plants that grew near the lake in the past and therefore prove the climatic conditions in the region.”
Researchers noted a sharp decrease in Mediterranean trees like oaks and pines in the Late Bronze Age. According to study experts, this could be because of repeated periods of drought. The droughts may have resulted in long famines, forcing people to migrate from north to south.
1. The underlined word “crumbled” in Paragraph 3 means _____.
| A．settled | B．changed |
| C．established | D．disappeared |
| A．earn some money |
| B．recreate ancient Israel |
| C．learn more about local plants |
| D．discover the ancient civilizations |
| A．Mediterranean trees were rare in the Early Bronze Age |
| B．climate change was to blame for the lost civilization |
| C．people in the Late Bronze Age starved to death |
| D．droughts were rare during the Bronze Age |
| A．a travel magazine | B．a history textbook |
| C．a newspaper report | D．an agricultural book |
【推荐3】People usually talk about two groups of colors: warm colors and cool colors. The warm colors are red, orange and yellow, while the cool colors are green, blue and purple.
Why are red, orange and yellow considered to be warm colors? That’s because they have the psychological effect (心理效应) of making us feel warm because of the association (联系) with fire, heat and sunshine. These colors are very eye-catching.
Red can make us excited. It is the color of passion (激情) and power. Orange gives off a friendly and attracting feeling. It is lively and happy. Yellow has an enthusiastic feeling. It is the color of the sun, and it can attract attention.
The cool colors — green, blue and purple, have the psychological effect of making us feel cool because of the association with deep bodies of water, the open sky, or maybe mountains in the distance. These colors can be good choices for background.
Green sets a feeling of hope. It is the color of nature and represents new life and growth. Blue makes us feel peaceful and calm. It can also be cold like ice, or calm like a lake. Purple has a mysterious feeling. Wearing purple looks nice and elegant.
1. Why do warm colors make us feel warm?| A．Because they take on the color of the sky. |
| B．Because they make people full of power. |
| C．Because they are like mountains in the distance. |
| D．Because they are related to fire，heat and sunshine. |
| A．Blue. | B．Orange. |
| C．Yellow. | D．Red. |
| A．Background and colors |
| B．Warm colors and cool colors |
| C．Ways to choose a favorite color |
| D．Colors, effects on people’s health |
【推荐1】Swot satellite is scheduled to be launched Thursday morning to conduct a comprehensive survey of Earth’s vital resource. By using advanced microwave radar technology it will collect height-surface measurements of oceans, lakes and rivers in high-definition de tail over 90% of the globe. It’s really the first time to observe nearly all water on the planet’s surface.
The major mission is to explore how oceans help to minimize climate change by absorbing atmospheric heat and carbon dioxide in a natural process. Oceans are estimated to have absorbed more than 90% of the extra heat trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere by human-caused greenhouse gases. Swot will scan the seas from the orbit and precisely measure fine differences in surface elevations (高度) around smaller currents and eddies (漩涡), where much of the oceans’ decrease of heat and carbon is believed to occur. “Studying the mechanism will help climate scientists answer a key question: What is the turning point at which oceans start releasing, rather than absorbing, huge amounts of heat back into the atmosphere and speed up global warming, rather than limiting it,” said Nadya Shiffer, Swot’s program scientist.
By comparison, earlier studies of water bodies relied on data of rivers or oceans taken at specific points, or from satellites that can only track measurements along a one-dimensional line, requiring scientists to fill in data gaps through extrapolation (外推法). Thanks to the radar instrument, Swot can scan through cloud cover and darkness over wide ranges of the Earth. This enables scientists to accurately map their observations in two dimensions regardless of weather or time of day and to cover large geographic areas far more quickly than was previously possible.
“Rather than giving us a line of elevations, it’s giving us a map of elevations, and that’s just a total gamechanger,” said Tamlin Pavelsky, Swot freshwater science leader.
1. What makes it possible for Swot to measure precisely?| A．Advanced radar technology. | B．The high-definition computer. |
| C．The three-dimensional image. | D．An accurate map of elevations. |
| A．To explore the influences of greenhouse gases. |
| B．To tackle the consequence of global warming. |
| C．To study the mechanism of oceans influencing climate. |
| D．To identify the causes of water absorbing heat and CO2. |
| A．Objective. | B．Vague. | C．Uninterested. | D．Approving. |
| A．A Solution to Climate Change | B．First Global Water Survey from Space |
| C．A Breakthrough in Space Travel | D．The Successful Launch of Swot Satellite |
【推荐2】Winters are long and cold in Finland. That’s why new technology that stores summer heat in a giant sand battery (电池) is used to keep homes warm in the winter. The sand battery can store the heat for months so the energy that was generated by solar power in the summer can be used in the winter to heat homes. Researchers in Finland have installed (安装) the first fully-functioning“sand battery”. They believe it could solve the country’s year-round crisis (危机) in power supply, which is a significant issue for green energy.
The sand battery was installed in the Vatajankoski power plant that runs the heating system for the houses in the area. It works by heating the sand, circulating the heat generated in the sand using a heat exchanger. Researchers used low-grade sand to charge (充电) the devices with heat from cheap electricity coming from either solar or wind energy. The sand battery can store energy and heat up to 500 degrees Celsius, which can be used to warm homes during winter when large amounts of energy were consumed (消耗).
It is a cost-effective method because when the battery releases the hot air, it warms the water for the district heating system that is pumped around homes, offices, and the local swimming pool. Sand is an ideal material because it is cheap and readily available everywhere. While other inexpensive items like water can store heat, sand can be heated to much higher temperatures. The sand used is of the lowest quality so it cannot be used in construction thus making it a sustainable choice. Besides, sand-based batteries last longer than other batteries. According to a study, researchers obtained silicon using quartz sand to create a battery that lasts three times longer than lithium-ion (锂离子) batteries.
“This innovation is a part of the smart and green energy transition. Heat storage systems can significantly help to increase intermittent renewables in the electrical grid,” said Markku Ylönen, co-founder of Polar Night Energy. “At the same time, we can make full use of the heat waste to keep the city warm. This is a logical step towards combustion-free (无燃烧) heat production.”
1. What is the function of the sand battery?| A．To charge electronic devices. |
| B．To store heat from green energy. |
| C．To provide electricity for power plants. |
| D．To turn solar energy into chemical fuels. |
| A．By producing electricity with seawater. |
| B．By consuming the hot air inside a plant. |
| C．By circulating the heat from heated sand. |
| D．By burning a cheap material made from sand. |
| A．To present the advantages of sand batteries. |
| B．To highlight the power crisis in Finland. |
| C．To explain the reasons for creating a new battery. |
| D．To show the process of manufacturing sand batteries. |
| A．robbing Peter to pay Paul |
| B．barking up the wrong tree |
| C．putting the cart before the horse |
| D．killing two birds with one stone |
【推荐3】From classic books like A Wrinkle in Time to classic movies like Back to the Future, children and adults both have been fascinated by the concept of time travel for hundreds of years. But is it even possible? Time travel sounds simple: you just move back and forth between different points in time like you would between different points in space. You could jump forward into the future, or you can jump back to sometime in the past.
Time travel sounds simple: you just move back and forth between different points in time like you would between different points in space. You could jump forward into the future, or you can jump back to sometime in the past.
Exactly how would this be done? Most artistic works that feature time travel finish it with the help of a special device usually called a time machine. The time machine features whatever technology has been developed to transport people successfully to other points in time.
But could time travel really happen? Some scientists believe that parts of Albert Einstein’s theories of special and general relativity might allow for the possibility of time travel. These theories are complex and very hard to understand. They involve unusual astronomical things like black holes and wormholes. Traveling faster than the speed of light might also be required.
It can be fun, though, to think about what problems might be presented by time travel. It may create an absurd situation. For example, let’s say that you travel back in time to the day your parents met. What if your showing up on the day your parents met caused a ripple (连锁反应) in time that led to them not meeting? If they had never met, you would never have been born. If you had never been born, how could you ever exist to travel back in time to cause the problem you just caused? Though it may sound confusing, we hope that any scientist who ever manages to make time travel possible works out these problems in advance.
1. What kind of film is Back to the Future most likely to be?| A．An action film. | B．A fantasy film | C．A historical film | D．A romantic film |
| A．Add a topic. | B．Give an example. | C．Explain a concept. | D．Make a conclusion. |
| A．Previous similar cases. | B．Detailed scientific report. |
| C．Some scientific theories. | D．Advanced space technology. |
| A．It will certainly come true one day. | B．It is a possible and absurd idea. |
| C．It will change some historical events. | D．It may cause confusion with time and space. |
【推荐1】Researchers studied a group of black-legged kittiwakes that nest in an abandoned radar tower on Middleton Island, Alaska. They attached GPS-accelerometers onto kittiwakes to track their flight performance and discovered that they sometimes travel as far as 155 miles (250 kilometers) a day to find food.
By combining data from the GPS tracker with minute muscle samples from some of the birds, the researchers found that — despite beating their wings less frequently — birds with larger muscle fibers were able to fly as fast as those with smaller fibers. The team also found that birds that flew faster had a higher number of nuclei — which produce the proteins to power flight — in their muscle cells, allowing the birds to increase more muscle fibers to power their flight.
Athletes exercise to maintain muscle tone. The same may be happening with kittiwakes, with those individuals that exercise the most — that is, fly the most — having better developed muscles than those that move less.
“Past studies have focused on hormone levels, body mass, or levels of red blood cells as a predictor of flight performance. We found that muscle structure and body mass together predict performance, says study coauthor Kyle Elliott, an assistant professor in McGill University's department of natural resource sciences in the Bieler School of Environment.
“With the data from the GPS-accelerometers, we can understand a lot about these birds, like where they're going to find food, how fast they're flying, and how frequently they're beating their wings in flight," says Kristen Lalla, the first author of the paper, which she co-wrote as an undergraduate student under Elliott's guidance. “In the past, one of the challenges of measuring muscle structure in small birds was that it usually requires dissecting (解剖)the muscle."
1. What do the first two paragraphs tell us about kittiwakes?| A．They nest in an abandoned Island of Alaska. |
| B．With smaller muscle fibers, they can fly faster. |
| C．They often travel as far as 250 kilometers a day. |
| D．Muscle fibers play an important role in their flight. |
| A．Body mass. |
| B．Hormone levels. |
| C．Levels of red blood cells. |
| D．Muscle structure and body mass. |
| A．The influential factors of kittiwakes' flight performance. |
| B．The importance of protecting kittiwakes. |
| C．The reasons for Kittiwakes flying so far. |
| D．The process of kittiwakes' flying. |
| A．Sport. | B．Nature. | C．Health. | D．Entertainment. |
Wilentz said the country needs change．“Even though I will not be old enough to vote in the next presidential election，my voice matters.” Wilentz said.“Discussions I may have with my peers, debates with teachers and communication with my parents allow me to be heard and give my opinions meaning．”
Jean，a former vote director，said teenagers should be paying attention to the presidential election because many high school students will be of voting age by election time．She said candidates have views and positions on certain topics that may affect teens’lives．
Ohayon is concerned about issues that younger Americans face，such as the cost of college education．Ohayon said，“It is my responsibility to try to persuade my parents and other adults to concern themselves with the issues important to the younger generation while voting．”
Jean said teenagers can also influence the election in other ways by getting involved in campaigns．She suggests that teenagers who actually believe in one of the candidates find the local offices for a campaign and volunteer．Campaign volunteers arrange materials，wave signs and go into neighborhoods to drop off brochures and try to get the word out．
1. What’s the main idea of the passage?
| A．The USA needs some changes． |
| B．Teenagers make the final decision． |
| C．U．S．Presidential election approaches． |
| D．Teenagers show interest in election． |
| A．Teens are old enough to vote． |
| B．Debates help teens’views heard． |
| C．Parents should consider kids’views． |
| D．Candidates’views may affect teens’lives． |
| A．One against increasing income tax． |
| B．One for improving campus security． |
| C．One against lowering university fees． |
| D．One for lowering unemployment rate． |
| A．By voting for a candidate． |
| B．By volunteering in campaigns． |
| C．By fighting for rights to vote． |
| D．By taking lead in the election． |
【推荐3】If you'd rather eat out on Thanksgiving or order the meal to go,you have no shortage of options. Here are some Chicago restaurants celebrating the holiday with a variety of dishes on offer.
Cyrano's Bistrot and Wine Bar, 546N.Wells
Go French for Thanksgiving，with Cyrano's sixcourse togo menu. It's packed with four appetizers, including ratatouille and lamb rillettes; four vegetable sides, including potato Lyonnaise; pumpkin soup; a choice of turkey，duck or chicken; a cheese plate，and desserts also included；reheating instructions. The cost is $39 a person. To order，call(312) 4670546.
Fairmont Chicago, 200N. Columbus
The hotel is going retro(怀旧) and green this year with its Thanksgiving togo menu，from organic green bean casserole(砂锅) made with mushroom soup to organic mashed potatoes with bacon bits and sour cream. The meal，which serves 8 to 10，is $195，plus tax. Orders must be in by 3 p．m. Wednesday. To order，call (312) 5656665.
Kit Kat Lounge and Supper Club, 3700N. Halsted
The restaurant celebrates Thanksgiving a day early with a threecourse menu on Wednesday. Menu items include a wild mushroom tart(馅饼) with Gruyere and Cabernetmarinated steak with Havarti mashed potatoes. The $35 dinner each, tax and tip not included, includes a martini(马提尼酒)．For reservations, call (773) 5251111.
Lawry's the Prime Rib, 100E. Ontario
The star of the Thanksgiving menu is organic, free-range turkey from Pennsylvania. Togo dinner packages also will be offered, with 10 percent of proceeds going to the Greater Chicago Food Depository. Carryout packages range from $27 for an individual turkey dinner to $480 for a meal serving 12 to 14.Orders must be placed by Tuesday. Call (312) 7875000.
Popeyes, various locations
Thirteen of the chicken chain's Chicago locations are taking orders now for takeout fried turkeys. The turkeys，which serve 8 to 10，range from $40 to $45.Use the restaurant locator at www. popeyes. com for locations and phone numbers.
1. Turkey is offered in the restaurants EXCEPT ______.| A．Fairmont Chicago, 200N. Columbus |
| B．Popeyes, various locations |
| C．Lawry's the Prime Rib, 100E.Ontario |
| D．Cyrano's Bistrot and Wine Bar, 546N. Wells |
| A．(312) 4670546 | B．(312)7875000 |
| C．(773) 5251111 | D．(312)5656665 |
| A．Less than $70. | B．More than $70 . |
| C．Less than $35. | D．More than $35. |
| A．Chicken | B．Potato |
| C．Pumpkin | D．Steak |
| A．Call a telephone. | B．Surf the Internet. |
| C．Watch TV. | D．Listen to the radio. |
【推荐1】A short while ago, I lost access to my WeChat account. I am not sure why it wouldn’t let me log in; perhaps it was my ancient, out-of-date phone. But I wasn’t too upset because it offered me an opportunity to take a break from social media --- something more and more people are doing.
In the United States, Twitter is losing millions of users each month and Facebook has seen a 44 percent decline among its younger users. Some of these users may have deserted Twitter and Facebook for other social media platforms, while many others have quit because they felt that social media was having a negative effect on their happiness and overall quality of life.
Stars such as Taylor Swift and Ed Sheeren have taken a break from social media because they were tired of many Internet trolls(网络喷子) leaving negative comments. Ordinary people (like me) are turning away from it because of the feeling that they were spending more time online and enjoying it less.
It is not unusual for people to spend two or three hours a day posing or reading posts, to the point where it becomes an addiction. And it is an addiction. There is a chemical in your brain known as dopamine(多巴胺) which is sometimes called the “reward molecule” and its release gives you a feeling of pleasure. For instance, when you post a photo on WeChat and get a hundred likes, you feel happy. That’s dopamine at work.
In my case, being off WeChat left me with a feeling of anxiety for a few days. No doubt I missed my dopamine. And I got e-mails from friends wondering if I was fine or if I was just being anti-social. But I soon began to feel quite peaceful and started to worry less about what other people were doing and concentrate more on my personal life. And it is an added bonus that I’m getting better sleep at night.
I’m not advocating that all of you quit social media, but spending less time on these platforms does bring you advantages. You could start by leaving your phone at home when you go to school (For some, that’s already a school rule). And it is also a good idea to charge your phone outside of your bedroom at night, as you are unlikely to get a good night’s sleep when the notification(通知) bell keeps ringing.
Someday I may reconnect with my WeChat account, but I' m not in a hurry. Life can be more relaxing and just as interesting without it.
1. The author’s disconnection with WeChat is mentioned at the beginning to _________.| A．introduce the disadvantages of social media |
| B．explain why he lost access to his WeChat account |
| C．illustrate the function of dopamine |
| D．prove how WeChat makes life easier |
| A．All Americans have their Twitter and Facebook. |
| B．Famous people have deserted Twitter and Facebook for other social media. |
| C．An increasing number of people are losing interest in social media. |
| D．Social media add to people’s happiness and life convenience. |
| A．how dopamine works when you are posting or reading posts. |
| B．the reason behind people’s addiction to social media. |
| C．why WeChat is so popular among ordinary people. |
| D．what you can do if you want to get many likes on WeChat. |
| A．To turn away from them as soon as possible. |
| B．To choose a social media platform that suits you. |
| C．To keep away from them temporarily is a wise choice. |
| D．To quit them will make your life more relaxing and interesting. |
【推荐2】Michael Surrell had just parked around the corner from his house when he found the house next door was on fire. He went immediately to investigate and he heard a woman crying* "The baby's in there!" Though the fire department had been called, Surrell, then 64, with lung disease, instinctively （本能地）ran inside. "The baby" was 8-year-old Tiara Roberts, the woman's granddaughter.
Entering the burning house was like " running into a bucket of black paint," Surrell says. The thick smoke prevented him from seeing anything, burned his eyes, and made it impossible to breathe. After a few minutes in the smoke-filled house, he came outside to catch his breath. "Where is Tiara?” he asked desperately. "The second floor," the woman shouted back.
The darkness was overwhelming. Yet because the house had a similar layout to his, he found the stairs and made it to the second floor. His throat and lungs burned as if he'd been taken in fire instead of the smoke.
Every blink stung his eyes. All he could hear was the crackling and popping of burning wood. Then a soft but distinct moan (呻吟声)emerged. Still unable to see, Surrell fell to his knees on the hot wood floor. He crawled toward the sound, feeling around for any sign of the girl. Finally, he touched something. A shoe, then an ankle. He held her into his arms and made his way out.
Surrell hugged her tightly and said, "Uncle's got you. ” Soon after, his throat closed off. Surrell spent over a week in the hospital. Tiara was released from the hospital after a few days.
The fire damaged Surrell's lungs and throat. "It's a small price to pay,” he says. “I'd do it again in a heartbeat. Wouldn't give it a second thought. "
1. What did Surrell do after he saw the house on fire?| A．Parked his car. | B．Called the police. |
| C．Went at once to help. | D．Run to save the woman. |
| A．The smoke. | B．The heat. |
| C．The stairs. | D．The fear. |
| A．He lost a lot of money. | B．He had a heart attack. |
| C．He hesitated before action. | D．He thought it was worthwhile to do so. |
| A．Brave and selfless. | B．Fearless and skillful. |
| C．Faithful and honest. | D．Considerate and confident. |
【推荐3】I first came across the concept of paywhatyoucan cafés last summer in Boone, N．C., where I ate at F．A.R.M (Feed All Regardless of Means) Café.You can volunteer to earn your meal, pay the suggested price ($10) or less, or you can overpay—paying it forward for a future customer's meal.My only regret after eating there was not having a chance to give my time.So as soon as Healthy World Café opened in York in April, I signed up for a volunteer shift(轮班)．
F．A.R.M and Healthy World are part of a growing trend of community cafés.In 2003, Denise Cerreta opened the first in Salt Lake City.Cerreta now runs the One World Everybody Eats Foundation, helping others copy her paywhatyoucan model.
“I think the community café is truly a hand up, not a handout，” Cerreta said.She acknowledged that soup kitchens(施粥所) have a place in society, but people typically don't feel good about going there.
“One of the values of the community café is that we have another approach，” she said.“Everyone eats here, no one needs to know whether you volunteered, overpaid or underpaid.”
The successful cafés not only address hunger and food insecurity but also become necessary parts of their neighborhood—whether it's a place to learn skills or hear live music.Some teach cooking to seniors; some offer free used books.Eating or working there is a reminder that we are all in this world together.
My 10 am～1pm shift at World Healthy Café began with the café manager—one of the two paid staff members.Our volunteer crew wasn't the most orderly, but we managed to prepare and serve meals with a lot of laughs in between.At the end of my shift, I ordered my earned meal at the counter, together with other volunteers.After lunch, I walked out the door, with a handful of new friends, music in my head and a satisfied belly and heart.
1. What did the author do at F．A.R.M Café last summer？| A．She enjoyed a meal. | B．She ate free of charge. |
| C．She overpaid for the food. | D．She worked as a volunteer. |
| A．People can have free food. |
| B．People can maintain their dignity. |
| C．People can stay as long as they like. |
| D．People can find their places in society. |
| A．They bring people true friendships. |
| B．They help to bring people together. |
| C．They create a lot of job opportunities. |
| D．They support local economic development. |
| A．It paid well. | B．It changed her. |
| C．It was beneficial. | D．It was easy for her. |
