【推荐1】“A lie can travel halfway around the world before the truth can get its boots (靴子) on.” said Mark Twain. In today’s Internet world of “fake (假的) news,” lies spread even faster and the truth is having trouble finding its boots.

To make matters worse, most young people get news from social media sites where facts are mixed with rumors (谣言), half-truths and complete lies. This has led to young people becoming confused. In the latest PISA, which tested 15-year-olds worldwide on academic subjects, fewer than one in ten of the examinees were reported to be able to recognize fact from opinion. A Stanford University study showed that students at all levels of education could not tell teal news from fake news. In one instance, 80 percent thought that a paid advertisement was a real news story.

Fake news is spread by people who have a prejudice (偏见). They want to influence public opinion either for or against something or someone. It is important, then, for young people to recognize when they are being used and to be doubtful about online information.

Traditional media, such as newspapers and television, are still the more credible sources of information. Reporters are professional trained to look for facts, and editors have the job of making sure those facts are correct. However, if you are getting most of your information online, you have to be your own editor. In that case, the first thing to do is to look at the writer of a post. Is this person known to be objective? Does the site where you read the post have a prejudice? Next, look for other sources from mainstream media to make sure the information. In other words, by putting on your truth boots you won’t be fooled into chasing lies.

1. What does the writer say about young people with news around?

A．They make fake news and spread it.	B．They are easily fooled by fake news.
C．They get worried about their education.	D．They can recognize facts from opinions.

2. What does the underlined word “credible” in the last paragraph mean?

A．Primary.	B．Realistic.
C．Believable.	D．Important.

3. According to the writer, what can help us avoid being fooled by fake news?

A．Only look for news through media.

B．Become a professional and trained reporter.

C．Compare the news from different sources.

D．focus on the new instead of the writer.

4. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A．What Should a Reporter Do?

B．Who Makes and Spreads Fake New?

C．How Can We Become a Newspaper Editor?

D．How Can We Stay Objective in Reading News?

【推荐2】Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Acid rain is now a familiar problem in the industrialized countries in Europe. Harmful gases like Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide are produced by power stations and cars.     1    

Acid rain is also capable of dissolving some rocks and buildings made of soft rock, such as limestone, are particularly badly affected. The acid rain attacks the rock, and so carvings and statues are worn away more quickly.

    2    According to a report in the Scientist, acid rain is being blamed for the rapid decay of ancient ruins Mexico. The old limestone buildings in places like Chichen Itza, Tulum and Palenque are wearing away very quickly indeed. These sites are the remains of the buildings built by the Mayas between 250 BC and AD900, and the spectacular ruins of civilization are visited by thousands of tourists every year.

The acid rain is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf of Mexico. Car exhaust gases are also a problem. Local volcanic eruption make the problem even worse. Nevertheless, with enough money and effort, researchers say that many of the problems could be solved and the rate of dissolving reduced.     3    
Mexico’s current lack of funds is also partly due to oil. The country has rich oil field and a few years ago, when oil was expensive, Mexico was selling large quantities of oil to the USA and earning a lot of money. The government was therefore able to borrow huge sums of money from banks around the world, thinking they would have no problem repaying their debts. However, the price of oil then dropped, and Mexico has been left owing enormous sums of money and with not enough income from oil sales to pay back the loans.     4    

A．However, the Mexican government does not have enough money to do the work, and needs to spend what money it has on the Mexican people.

B．That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings to become seriously damaged already.

C．So unless the price of rises, it is unlikely that Mexican will be able to afford to clean up the pollution and save its Mayan ruins from destruction.

D．These measures would reduce the pollution, but would not stop it completely.

E．The problem, however, is not a European one.

F．They dissolve in rainwater and this makes acid rain, which damages trees, rivers and streams.

【推荐2】Nisha Pradhan is worried. The recent college graduate just turns 21 and plans to live on her own. But she’s afraid she won’t be able to stay safe. That’s because she isn’t able to smell.

Back home, her family do her smelling for her. She’s moved in with them for now, but she’s looking for a place of her own. “Now that I’m searching for ways or place to live as an independent person, I find that the sense of smell is important to how we live our lives,” Pradhan says.

She says when she was a child she liked to eat and ate a lot. But there came a point where she lost interest in food.

“One of the first things that people notice whenever they have a smell problem is that food doesn’t taste right any more,” says Beverly Cowart, a researcher. That’s because eating and smell go hand in hand. How food tastes often rely on what we smell. “When you lose your sense of smell, your whole sense of food flavors changed and reduced,” Cowart says, “You can still taste the basic tastes. What you’re missing are the small distinctions.”

“When I go out to eat I have often found that food is very tasteless to me. I never feel full,” she says. “I think a lot of us today like to pretend to be food lovers and we all like to talk about ‘Oh, I think this could use a little bit more flavor,’ or ‘I think this has a hint of meat,’ I can’t really participate in those conversations,” she says.

Pradam thinks her smell loss also may have affected her memory. Pradhan may be on to something, according to biologist Paul Moore. “When smell signals come in, you feel about them first. And then you think about it and then the memory is laid down. So without the feel part, the thinking about its part doesn’t come And that means no new smell memory gets created.”

1. What is true about Pradhan?

A．She has had no sense of smell since she was born.

B．She suffers from loss of appetite through lack of smell sense.

C．She has something wrong with her stomach.

D．She is looking for a roommate to share the cost.

2. What can we infer from what Beverly Cowart said?

A．People with a smell problem have no food tastes.

B．Different food tastes the same for people of smell loss.

C．Lack of smell sense makes eating a dull experience.

D．People feel hungry easily for lack of smell sense.

3. When eating out, Pradhan ________.

A．feels left out sometimes	B．often has a good appetite
C．pretends to have good smell sense	D．has a sense of being full quickly

4. What does the underlined sentence mean?

A．Pradhan may be right.	B．Pradhan may be foolish.
C．Pradhan may be crazy.	D．Pradhan may be forgettable.

【推荐3】As we all know, sleep is very important and necessary. I would love everyone to develop the following four habits to have better sleep without needing the alarm（闹钟）wake-up call.

    1    If you eat much food an hour before you go to bed, your body will hate you, because your body needs time to digest while you are still awake.

    2    When I hear on TV that people just need 30-minute exercise a week, I think that’s wrong. Every person should get 30-minute exercise every day. When you exercise, your body uses energy and feels tired. You have to recover from the tiredness.     3     The harder you exercise your body, the faster it falls to sleep and the better it sleeps.

Turn the TV off. There are a few shows I still watch, but they will never get in my way of (妨碍) sleep. The bedroom is only for sleeping and rest.     4    .

    5    A question to ask yourself: If I didn’t have an alarm, what time would I get up? If that time is the time you need to get up, you should probably throw away the alarm. If the time you actually get up is much later than the time you need to get up, make great changes to your way of life and the time you go to sleep. No one should need an alarm.

A．Exercise for at least 30 minutes every day.

B．Don’t eat any food 4 hours before you sleep.

C．Throw away the alarm.

D．Sleep is one of the most important things in our lives.

E．Your body recovers when you are sleeping.

F．Try to get up as early as you can.

G．Take the TV out of your bedroom.