Let children learn to judge(判断) their own work. A child doesn’t learn to talk by being corrected all the time. If he is corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the differences between the language he uses and the language others use. Little by little, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s.
In the same way, children learn to do all the other things without being taught—to walk, run, climb or ride a bicycle. They compare their performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes and correct them himself. We do it all for him. We thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let him work out with the help of other children if he wants it.
If it is a matter in math or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such daily work? Our job should be to help the children when they tell us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer. Let the children learn what all educated persons must learn, how to measure(估量) their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.
Let them get on with this job in their ways. School teachers can offer help if they ask for it. Some parents and teachers are worried that the children might fail to learn something that they will need to get in the world. Don’t worry! If it is important, they will go out into the world and learn it.
1. According to the passage, the best way for children to learn things is by ________.A.being always corrected |
B.following adults’ advice |
C.doing as other people do |
A.encourage students to learn from eacho ther |
B.teach students how to get the answers directly |
C.tell students what is wrong as often as possible |
A.teachers can’t correct students’ papers |
B.teachers needn’t waste time teaching students in class |
C.teachers should helpstudents improve their learning ability |
A.students can face any challenge easily |
B.students can learn a lot in the real life |
C.students can grow up without others’ help |
A.Let Us Teachers Stop Working |
B.Let Children Learn by Themselves |
C.Let Parents Understand Their Kids |
相似题推荐
The Secrets of Happiness
Another secret to leading a happy life is to be active, and have hobbies where you forget your problems. Many people experience this dancing, or playing a sport, such as skating or soccer.
Finally, many people find happiness in helping others. According to studies, people feel good when they volunteer their time to help others.
A.The second secret of happiness is to do more exercise. |
B.If you want to feel happier, do something nice for someone. |
C.People who have brothers and sisters are happier than others. |
D.The first secret of happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life. |
E.Most people want to be happy, but few know how to find happiness. |
F.People who have several close friends live happier and healthier. |
G.You can forget about your problems, and only think about the activity. |
【推荐2】If you wish to become a better reader, here are four important things to remember about reading rate:
● Knowing why you are reading or what you are reading to find out will often help you to know whether to read fast or slowly.
● Some things should be read slowly throughout. Examples are directions for making or doing something, arithmetic problems, science and history books, which are full of important information. You must read such things slowly to remember each important step and understand each important ideas.
● Some things should be read quickly throughout. Examples are simple stories meant for enjoyment, news letters from friends, pieces of news from local, or home-town, papers, telling what is happening to friends and neighbors.
● In some of your reading, you must change your speed from fast to slow and slow to fast, as you go along. You will need to read certain pages quickly and then slow down and do more careful reading when you come to important ideas which must be remembered.
1. The underlined word "rate" in the first sentence means _______.A.fast | B.slow | C.speed | D.skill |
A.Stories for enjoyment | B.Arithmetic problems |
C.Letters from friends | D.News from hometown newspapers |
A.The faster, the better. | B.The more slowly, the better. |
C.Neither too fast nor too slow. | D.It depends on what we are reading. |
A.Read slowly when you are reading something important to you. |
B.Read fast when you are reading something unimportant to you. |
C.Read the materials that you are interested in slowly. |
D.Read the materials that you are interested in fast. |
Being outgoing is good for your life. Those who are more outgoing like to meet lots of people and have more fun in life. In fact,
You can start becoming outgoing with your best friend or a group of friends. But the real challenge(挑战) comes
A.The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out. |
B.when you meet strange people or new friends. |
C.being outgoing is not so hard as you think. |
D.then keep that in mind. |
E.you can give some talks |
F.you may have some talks. |
G.and being outgoing is not as easy as you think. |
In recent years, some schools have begun to introduce meditation, or mindfulness training, into their classrooms. During mindfulness training, students may be asked to sit quietly and observe their own thoughts and feelings to avoid being controlled by them. Mindfulness training can help students overcome anxiety (焦虑), control their behavior, and improve their ability to pay attention in class. Students are expected to learn how to meditate in order to reduce stress and do better in their schoolwork.
Among schools that already teach meditation, the results have been positive. In one study, teachers reported that after five weeks of mindfulness practice, their students were more focused. They also participated more fully in class. A middle school in San Francisco reported that a student meditation program led to higher attendance rates and better grades. Another study suggested that meditation helped students perform better on tests by improving their working memory and reducing their anxiety.
Many supporters believe that meditation training programs can also help students overcome stress. For example, Headstand is a mindfulness education program designed to help students overcome anxiety. A study concluded that ninety-eight percent of participating students felt less stressed after they completed the Headstand program. In another study, researchers in New Haven, Connecticut, followed students who participated in meditation and yoga classes three times a week. They found that after each class, participants had lower levels of cortisol, a stress hormone (激素), in their bodies.
Despite the positive results seen so far, critics also point out that much of the current research is not rigorous(严谨的) enough. Associate Professor Tamar Mendelson agrees that research on meditation in children is still in its early stages. However, even she insists that she has seen the positive impact of meditation on children. Others express worries that meditation is not a valuable use of class time. But many disagree. Denise Pope, a professor from the Stanford University, says, “This is something teachers can do immediately. You get a lot of bang for your buck and anyone who is against it isn’t thinking clearly.” Indeed, additional studies will surely strengthen our understanding of the benefits of mindfulness.
Although still in its early stages, research shows that meditation can help students learn to deal with anxiety and stress. As an added bonus, students of mindfulness training also report better concentration and gains in their academic performances. Therefore, meditation should be a part of every student’s school day. Participating in “stillness” can be just as productive as other school-related activities.
1. Why do some schools introduce mindfulness training into classes?A.To control students’ working memory. |
B.To reduce students’ stress and anxiety. |
C.To increase students’ attendance rates. |
D.To research students’ thoughts and feelings. |
A.Mindfulness training is not a valuable use of class time at school. |
B.Mindfulness training is more productive than other school activities. |
C.Students felt more stressful after joining yoga classes three times a week. |
D.Students paid closer attention in class after weeks of mindfulness practice. |
A.challenges | B.complaints | C.advantages | D.influences |
A.further studies will prove the benefits of mindfulness training |
B.students will become more talented with mindfulness training |
C.doctors will do researches on the spread of mindfulness training |
D.mindfulness training decides students’ mental and physical health |
Studies show that from birth babies begin learning through playing. They use their five senses to get to know their new world. Touching allows them to discover how different things feel. Brightly colored toys and clothing help develop a baby’s sense of sight.
When small children choose which toy to play with, they begin developing their abilities in making decisions. Children love toys that allow them to use their imagination. Sometimes an empty box is more fun than a high-tech toy. That’s because a box can become anything a child imagines it to be.
Crayons, paints and Ply-Doh(彩色塑泥)are also good because they allow children to create. Traditional building blocks teach important pre-math skills like problem-solving.
Playing doesn’t become any less important once children start school. __*___. Kids learn how to share, take turns and play by the rules.
1. Why is playing a serious business for children?
A.Because it is fun. |
B.Because children can get much more from playing. |
C.Because children make friends through playing. |
D.Because children like playing. |
A.Touching helps babies to discover how different things feel. |
B.Touching help develop babies’ sense of sight. |
C.Touching helps develop babies’ imagination. |
D.Touching helps develop babies’ pre-math skills. |
A.Classroom is the most important place for children to learn life |
B.Many useful lessons about life are learned on the school playground |
C.No useful lessons about life are learned on the school playground |
D.Children can’t play on the school playground any more |
A.Playing With Children |
B.How to Become a Playboy |
C.How to Play |
D.Playing Plays an Important Role in Life |
Andria, a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution (变革). “We are going to make a change,” she said. “I’ve started a project to improve the teaching of the arts in our schools.”
The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort—whether an up-and-coming local musician or a major movie star—into schools to work with and inspire children.
Andria has worked on the project at Alperton Community School, her place of work for the past twelve years. “I’ve seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by their eyes are shining and their faces light up,” she said. “We need artists more than ever in our schools.”
Artist Michael said: “Andria’s brilliant project to bring artists from all fields into direct contact with children is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being downgraded (低估) in schools.” “It was a mistake to see the arts as unnecessary,” he added.
Historian Sir Simon is also a supporter of the project. He said that arts education in schools was not just an add-on. “It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young.”
1. Andria will do with her prize money to ________.
A.make a movie | B.build new schools |
C.run a project | D.help local musicians |
A.useful | B.clever | C.awful | D.responsible |
A.is particular difficult | B.increases artists’ income |
C.openns children’s mind | D.deserves greater attention |
A.Sir Simon thought arts education in school was unnecessary |
B.Andria made her project successful both at school and around the country |
C.the project was welcome by students very much |
D.the young is our future and we should pay more attention to them |
A.Bring Artists to Schools | B.When Historians Meet Artists |
C.Arts Education in Britain | D.The World’s Best Arts Teacher |
【推荐1】Buying Is Doing?
How important is shopping to you? How much time do you spend buying things? And how much time do you spend organizing these things in your home? In the future, how much time will you spend in movie theaters, at amusement parks, at shopping malls, or at convenience stores? When you add it all up, you will robably see you spend a lot of your life consuming (消费) things. Consuming products is not necessarily bad. However, if we spend too much time doing it, we should look at it carefully.
Imagine that you have a week off from school. You don't have to go to class. However, in this week, you cannot spend any money—no shopping, no movies, no eating out. How would you spend your time? What things would bring you happiness? Perhaps you would take a walk with your best friend. Perhaps you would help a child read. Or you might spend time with your family.
When we look back, it is likely that non-consuming experiences like these will be our most important memories. Why? Non-consuming activities are active, not passive. They don't come in a package. You make the experience yourself. For example, each person who reads to a child will have a different experience. The experience changes with the reader, the child, and the book. Similarly,when you have a conversation with a friend, you are actively creating an experience. The conversation that you have with your friend cannot be experienced or recreated by anyone else. However, if you watch a movie with a friend, you will each have a packaged experience. It requires no action and little interaction between the two of you.
The environment we live in encourages us to have packaged experiences. We feel that we must consume because we believe that buying is doing. However, we can start a personal revolution(变革) against consumerism. How? By consuming less. We can ask ourselves what experiences bring us the greatest satisfaction. Then we can organize our lives so that we have more of those kinds of experiences.
1. If consuming products takes too much time, we should_______.A.spend less money | B.think about it carefully |
C.organize our things |
A.we can say no to consumerism by consuming less |
B.buying things can bring us the greatest satisfaction |
C.the environment seldom influences our shopping choices |
A.consuming experiences |
B.Non-consuming experiences |
C.Experiences that bring us great satisfaction |
A.To introduce some ways of enjoying our spare time. |
B.To encourage people to have more active experiences. |
C.To explain reasons behind people's shopping behavior. |
【推荐2】Today, the world is highly competitive. Governments, companies and individuals(个人)are all competing to be the best in the society. It is true that competition leads to better products and services; many people, especially parents, believe that being competitive is helpful for children because it prepares them for the modern world. However, is competition the first thing that our society needs?
Schools teach students to compete for better grades, while in businesses, people are better paid for their competitive performances. However, none of them realizes the adverse effects competition has on the society. For two companies in a competition, one will surely lose then disappear, while the other remains stronger in the market. If this is popular in a country, the number of companies may drop, and then the economy(经济)gets worse. Besides, competition may result in distrust in society.
Cooperation(合作)presents a different picture. Competition breaks relationships, while cooperation strengthens relationships. When we cooperate with others, we meet new people, we get to know new things, we share thoughts, we help each other and we succeed together. Cooperation focuses on the growth and development of everyone, as many people work together toward a common goal. This way, everyone is equally(相同地)developed.
The processes of cooperation have played an important role in shaping the history. Let’s discuss the example of UN(United Nations).The UN’s calling is to keep world peace and create harmony(和谐).All nations have cooperated and will keep cooperating with one another to fight for a better future for the whole world.
Sports also provide us with a best example of cooperation. Think about how all members of the team forget who they themselves are and work only for the benefit of the team. Although sports are competitive by nature, when there is cooperation between the members, they encourage and support each other, and they get a greater chance of winning.
The development of both society and individual today depends on not just healthy competition but cooperation. Unfortunately, people are not taught cooperative skills at an early age, and this has encouraged a culture of competition in today’s society. The skills of cooperation should be included in the educational system for children in their early ages. This way, children grow up into adults who value and welcome cooperation, which brings out the best in us.
1. According to the passage,competition causes ________.A.helpful suggestions and ideas | B.excellent products and services |
C.responsible children and parents | D.confident performances and voice |
A.Supportive. | B.Various. | C.Confusing. | D.Harmful |
A.The economy can grow rapidly in competition. |
B.Kids should not just learn the skills of competition. |
C.UN was set up to call on people to create competition. |
D.Sportsmen should not be cooperative to win the game. |
A.people should value competition more than cooperation |
B.people can perform better in competition than cooperation |
C.people can benefit more from cooperation than competition |
D.people should depend more on competition than cooperation |
【推荐3】Boys and girls, we will play a game this afternoon. The game will start(开始) at 3:30 pm on the playground. You should be there on time. Here are the things you need to prepare(准备) and the game rules.
The things you need to prepare:
A big bag for each team(每队).
Five things of the same color. Toys, fruit, models, balls and rulers are all OK, but no liquid like water or milk. Different teams have different colors.
The game rules:
Each team has two students.
Give the bag to one student on each team.
Put the five things of the same color on the playground.
The two students on each team stand back to back with their arms(手臂)linked(挽). They need to pick up all the things of their team’s color from the playground. The first team to put all of the things in the bag wins.(胜利)
1. If Tom plays the game, he can’t take__________A.A box of milk | B.a model ship | C.a toy car | D.a basketball |
A.归还 | B.捡起 | C.寻找 | D.收拾 |
A.The students can get to the playground at 4:00om. |
B.If team A takes green things, team B can’t take green things. |
C.The students on each team should stand face to face. |
D.Every student needs to have a bag for this game. |
A.villager | B.teacher | C.parent | D.doctor |
【推荐1】Today there are more than 6 million people on the earth. By the year 2050 there may be 12.5 billion. This means we need more food.
One way to produce more food is by growing stronger plants. For thousands of years, farmers have made plants better. Every season, they pick the best plants for the next season. It works very lowly. Since 1983, scientists have been able to change plants more quickly by changing their genetic material (遗传物质). Foods from plants grown in this way are called genetically modified foods (转基因食品), or GM foods.
By changing the genetic material of a plant, it is possible to make new plants. They make plants which are strong against plant diseases. They can also help in our diseases: a kind of rice is being prepared, for example, which stops people from becoming blind.
Rich countries produce GM foods because they are easy to grow and bring in more money. Poor countries are interested in them because they help produce more food. GM plants are not natural. No one knows how good or bad they are. Making GM foods is only one way of feeding people in 2050. There are strong feelings against them, because they are unnatural. They may feed people, then hurt them or their children later. But, both rich and poor countries are very interested in their use, and they are not going to go away. In 2050 we may think differently about them.
1. What does the underlined word “GM foods” in paragraph 2 mean?A.Genetic material of a plant | B.Genetic material |
C.Diseases | D.Genetically modified foods |
A.6 billion. | B.Perhaps 12.5 billion. |
C.Less than 6 billion. | D.We have no idea. |
A.No, no one knows. | B.Yes, no one does. |
C.No, someone does. | D.Yes, someone knows. |
A.Because they work very slowly. |
B.Because poor countries are not interested in this kind of foods. |
C.Because GM foods are easy to grow and bring in more money. |
D.Because GM plants are not natural. |
A.Dolphin’s life and food | B.Amy’s job at a marine park |
C.Education in park | D.GM foods |
【推荐2】Do Dogs Dream?
Unlike cartoon images (图像、影像), real dogs don’t speak and describe their sleep. So you may wonder: do dogs dream like their owners?
A scientific research conducted at MIT found that during sleep, brains of humans and dogs work in a similar manner. When you or your dog first falls asleep, you experience SWS—slow wave(波) sleep—when the brain waves are slow but muscles (肌肉) are still active. Later a deeper stage of sleep happens. This stage is called REM sleep — rapid eye movements sleep. During REM, muscles are more relaxed, but the mind is more active. It was proved that both humans and dogs experience these two stages of the sleep circle. Since we know that humans dream, it is safe to conclude(做出结论) that dogs dream too.
Scientists found that as a dog falls asleep, his breathing becomes deeper and more regular(规则的). After about 20 minutes in REM sleep, dreams usually begin for normal dogs. While dreaming, the dog’s breathing may become weak and irregular, and his eyes move about behind the closed lids (眼睑) as if the dog is looking at something. By comparing brain wave patterns, researchers suggested that during REM, dogs are visualizing (呈现) dream images much like humans do during this stage of sleep.
Besides, it also found that during REM, the sleeping brain operates much like it does when awake, so both man and dogs dream about things that happen during their waking hours. Information gathered during the day is processed at night and may be relived in dreams. So your dog may “sleep run” as he runs after a cat or fetches a ball.
Studies also show that some dogs dream more than others, and the frequency and length of dreams are different according to the age and size of dogs. Young puppies usually experience more dreams than adult dogs. One possible reason is that puppies get huge amounts (数量) of new information daily and have much to process at night. Among dogs of the same age, smaller dogs seem to have more dreams than their bigger friends, but their dreams may last shorter. Dream length and frequency are also related to the amount of sleep required. A dog that has an active day outside may sleep more soundly than usual and experience longer periods of REM sleep, giving him more time to dream.
1. What happens to the dogs during REM sleep?A.Their muscles stay active. | B.Their dreams take place. |
C.Their brain waves are slow. | D.Their mind is more relaxed. |
A.breathes regularly | B.opens the lids |
C.visualizes images | D.gathers information |
A.Required. | B.Reviewed. | C.Repaired. | D.Researched. |
A.Why dogs dream like humans. | B.What bigger dogs dream about. |
C.Why young puppies have more dreams. | D.What causes the differences of dogs’ dreams. |
【推荐3】Is It Better to Read Books or Listen to Them?
We often think how fast we learn something depends on how smart we are. If your brain is taking in material quickly, you’re clever; if not, well, that doesn’t say great things about your IQ. But science shows context (上下文) and technique (技术) actually play a big role in how fast we learn, and even small changes – like the way you use to read – can make a big difference.
Audio (音频的) books have plenty of advantages: you can enjoy them anywhere, even in the car, and not printing books saves trees. Poor readers also often find them more interesting. But according to the latest research, if your goal isn’t to pass the time in traffic, but instead to learn something difficult, you should choose a physical book.
In a recent opinion piece in the New York Times, psychology (心理学) professor Daniel T.Willingham mentioned a 2010 study where 48 students either read or listened to an article about child psychology. Although the students spent the same amount of time with their material and did about the same number of distracting (分散注意力) activities while they absorbed the information, they scored very differently on a 10-item quiz later. Generally, the readers scored 81 percent but while the listeners scored 59 percent. Why does listening vs reading material have such a great effect on learning?
Willingham explains that first, most of us read more slowly than we listen (especially when pausing and rereading), and when you’re trying to absorb new information, slower seems to be better. “About 10 to 15 percent of eye movements during reading are actually regressive – meaning the eyes are going back and re-checking,” he explains to TIME. “This happens very quickly…”
Second, books offer visual cues (可视线索) that help our brains organize and understand new information. Things like chapter breaks, subheadings, and lists help us in making sense of the material and understanding how it fits together. You lose all that when you go the audio way.
The bottom line is simple: Don’t feel shame about passing your time in traffic with an audio book. However, be aware of audio’s limitations when it comes to studying, and seriously consider choosing good old-fashioned reading instead.
1. According to the writer, you should choose to read a book to ______.A.take in the information | B.pass the time in traffic |
C.learn something difficult | D.organize new information |
A.an audio book | B.a book about physics |
C.a book about computer | D.a book made of paper or cloth |
A.To read a book is better than to listen to it. |
B.Readers are cleverer than listeners. |
C.Reading books is a good way to pass time. |
D.How fast we learn depends on how smart we are. |