1 . If you have only three minutes to get something that you can take from your home, and the other things are lost forever, what will you take? The following information will help you.
B. O. B. | B. O. B. is short for Bug of Bag (求生背包) . It’s a bag with a collection of things that are needed for life in it. |
Reasons to use A B. O. B. | When disasters (灾难) like earthquakes and heavy rainstorms happen, many people will have to run away from their homes and they may not return for a long time. They need to continue to live without food, water or a shelter in some unexpected situations. |
Things in a B. O. B.
| A sleeping bag, or at least a thin quilt. Drinking water. High-calorie foods, such as chocolate and biscuits. Necessary medicines. Something for making a fire, and a small pot to boil water or cook. A few basic tools like a knife and some ropes. A flashlight. Money. A copy of all your important papers. (Be sure to make a B. O. B, as light as possible.) |
Places to keep a B. O. B | You should put a B. O. B at a place where you can get it at once when disasters happen. Your home, your car, or your office can be a good place to put it. |
A B. O. B. is very helpful to the people in need. You’d better prepare more than one B. O. B. if possible. Then think of the difference a B. O. B. will make if those disasters happen. So prepare one now.
1. A B. O. B. has a collection of things ________ in it.| A．for study | B．for sports | C．for life | D．for traffic |
| A．they have to save many people’s lives |
| B．they have no other useful things to take |
| C．they need to continue to live after disasters happen |
| D．they must make a new home with it |
| A．light | B．huge | C．heavy | D．useful |
| A．at home | B．in the car | C．in the office | D．on the road |
| A．Expensive things should be put in a B. O. B. safely. |
| B．It’s better to prepare more than one B. O. B. if possible. |
| C．People should take a B. O.B. with them everywhere. |
| D．A B. O. B. can make your everyday life different. |
2 . The Yellow River is one of the most famous rivers in China. It plays an important role in Chinese culture. It is important to trade and farming.
The yellow river is the second longest river in China. A lot of famous longer rivers in Asia are in China or go through China. In Asia, the longest river is the Yangtze River and it is the third longest river in the world.
The Yellow river is about 5,464 kilometers long. Its source is in the Bayan Har Mountains in western China. It flows all the way through nine provinces and autonomous regions (自治区). Because it covers a lot of areas, it has always supplied water to many people. It provides a key source of life for the north of China. It is a source of water for around 15% of China’s farmland.
It is called the yellow river because of all yellow silt (淤泥) that it picks up along its course. It carries more silt than any other river in the world.
Although the Yellow river has been the source of life in China, it has also caused floods. It’s said that the worst flood happened during the Qing Dynasty. This flood killed a large number of people and was one of the worst natural disasters in Chinese history.
1. What’s the second longest river in China?| A．The Yangtze River. | B．The Yellow River. |
| C．The Zhujiang River. | D．The Songhua River. |
| A．Two. | B．Three. | C．Nine. | D．Ten. |
| A．It carries lots of yellow silt. | B．The farmland is yellow. |
| C．It flows through yellow ground. | D．The crops along the river are yellow. |
| A．源头 | B．灾害 | C．现象 | D．疾病 |
| A．Some records about Yangtze River. |
| B．The length of the Yellow River. |
| C．Some information about the Yellow River. |
| D．The history of the Yellow River. |
3 . What is a supermarket? In the dictionary, a supermarket is a large self-service department store.
Some supermarkets have two floors. When you enter such a supermarket, an elevator will take you to the second floor. Here you can buy things such as CDs, pens, clothes, TVs and refrigerators(冰箱).
After you have collected the things you want to buy on the second floor, you can go downstairs to the first floor where food and drinks are sold. You can also buy fresh fruit, vegetables and meat on this floor.
People like to go shopping in the supermarket. Here are some of the reasons.
First, the prices are reasonable. The prices are lower than in special shops and you can choose whatever you want, without going place to place.
Second, the service is excellent. You can walk around freely and no one will ask you “What can I do for you?” If you can’t find something, just ask a service person and he or she will tell you where it is at once.
Third, the quality is good. If you get home and find the food has gone bad, you can return it and they will say sorry and change it for you.
Nowadays many people don’t have much time to walk from one shop to another, so people choose to go to the supermarket in order to save time and money.
What’s more, it you don’t want to buy anything, you can just come and look around in the supermarket. It’s a good place to have a walk.
1. What is a supermarket?2. How many reasons are given for going shopping in the supermarket?
3. Are the prices lower in this supermarket than these in special shops?
4. What does the passage want to tell us?
4 . What do different countries do to keep students safe?
Japan At public primary schools in Japan, earthquake training are held once a month. They teach students safety tips for earthquakes. Regular training helps students escape from earthquake-stricken areas without causing any stampedes (踩踏).
Australia Most students in Australia take first-aid courses at school. They learn basic first-aid knowledge in the class, such as how to call an ambulance (救护车) and what to do when someone is hurt. The government is trying to make all kids take such courses.
US Most US school buildings have fire escapes. A fire escape has platforms (平台) with stairs and ladders (梯子) at each floor of a building. They are usually made of steel and built outside of the building. People can get to the fire escape through a special fire-exit door or through a window. It is not a good idea to jump out of a window from higher than two floors. You may hurt yourself.
1. In their first-aid class, Australian students learn ________.| A．how to escape from a fire | B．how to call an ambulance |
| C．how to stay safe when they play soccer | D．how to stay safe during an earthquake |
| A．Earthquake trainings are important in Japan. |
| B．Basic first-aid knowledge is taught in Australia. |
| C．Buildings often catch fire in the US. |
| D．US school buildings usually have fire escapes. |
| A．sports magazines | B．historical books | C．cinema tickets | D．student newspaper |
5 . All dreaming starts with sleep. When we sleep there are four stages（阶段）that we go through.
Stage One is the lightest stage of sleep. In this stage of sleep someone can be awakened by low sounds or slight touch. Stage One sleep happens through-out the night. It often reappears as a transitional state of sleep following arousal（刺激）during the night. When Stage One does reappear during sleep, it only lasts thirty seconds to one minute. Young adults spend ten to fifteen minutes a night in Stage One sleep.
Stage Two sleep may have some of the slower eye movement Stage One, but in general Stage Two sleep is free of any eye movement. Another feature of stage two is arousal. Since Stage Two is a deeper sleep than Stage One, it will take more arousal to awaken a person from this stage of sleep.
Stage Three sleep as well as Stage Four is usually referred to as a slow wave sleep, which basically means a slow frequency（频率）of brain thought. There are no visual eye movements in this stage. Again in Stage Three it takes even more arousal then Stage Two sleep, to awaken a person from this state of sleep. Most of the dreams remembered take place during stage Three Sleep.
Stage Four sleep is the deepest of sleep. This is where the body and mind gets the most rest. Brain frequencies increase slightly in Stage Four sleep. In this stage of sleep people begin their dreams. When a person is dreaming you can visually tell by the movement of the eyes. Scientist measure deep sleep by “R. E. M.” which simply means “rapid eye movement”. What they measure is the amount of time your eye moves in Stage Four sleep and also brain activity along with frequency. Once again much more arousal is needed to awaken a stage four sleeper.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。1. How long does Stage one sleep last for young adults?
| A．About a minute. | B．About a quarter. |
| C．About an hour. | D．About a night. |
| A．Eyes don’t move in stage 2 sleep. |
| B．Stage 1 sleep is lighter than stage 2 sleep. |
| C．Stage 3 sleep is referred to as a slow wave sleep. |
| D．Stage 4 sleep is the deepest of sleep. |
| A．Stage 1 sleep. | B．Stage 2 sleep. |
| C．Stage 3 sleep. | D．Stage 4 sleep. |
A． | B． |
C． | D． |
| A．What does dreaming start with. |
| B．What your dreams are telling you. |
| C．What stages of sleep we go through. |
| D．What kinds of dreams do we have. |
6 . Facial recognition（脸部识别）cameras are everywhere, including in your smartphone. Many people use this technology to unlock their phones, open doors or pay quickly, but there is a problem—everyone is wearing masks. What a hassle!
Now, the companies have improved their technology. Facial recognition technology can now recognize（认出）people even if they are wearing a mask. Beijing-based tech company Hanwang has announced a software（软件）which can correctly recognize 95 percent of people wearing masks, Engineering Technology (E&T) reported. What’s the secret? It’s all about your eyes. Marios Savvides, a professor at Carnegie Mellon University, US, studies facial recognition technology. “As we get older,” he said, “our faces change shape, but not the area around our eyes. It stays the same—even if we put on weight.”
Facial recognition software is about more than just unlocking your phone. It’s about public safety. For example, you don’t need to take an ID card, which can be lost or stolen. It also means that virus（病毒）isn’t spread by touching things. Touchless check has become very important because of COVID-19.
More than that, facial recognition can be used to fight against crime（犯罪）. Hanwang’s technology is used by police in the places like government buildings, subway stations and airports. Similar technology is used by the United States Air Force and other governments.
Huang talks about one big weakness of this technology. “It fails when people wear both a mask and sunglasses. In this situation, all of the key facial information is lost,” Huang said to E&T.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1. What does the underlined word “hassle” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
| A．habit | B．mistake | C．rule | D．trouble |
| A．the voice | B．the eye area |
| C．the shape of faces | D．the facial expressions |
| A．was invented by the company Hanwang |
| B．can’t work when your ID card is stolen |
| C．provides a better way for safety checking |
| D．has been widely used in American schools |
| A．the new technology still needs to be improved |
| B．the new technology can’t store key facial information |
| C．Huang Lei is worried about the new technology’s cost |
| D．the new technology doesn’t work if people wear sunglasses |
| A．Prevent from Virus | B．Fight Against Crime |
| C．Unlocked with Faces | D．Recognized by Eyes |
7 . The idea that you can smile your way to happiness has a very long history. Back in the 1800s, Charles Darwin was among the first to come up with what modern scientists further developed into the “facial feedback hypothesis （面部反馈假想）.”That’s the idea that smiling can make you happier.
But researchers are now finding a different result. A recent study that reviewed around 50 years of data, including the results of nearly 300 experiments testing the facial feedback theory, has found that if smiling improves happiness, it’s only by a tiny bit. The researchers say their results suggest that if 100 people smiled, only about seven might expect to feel happier than if they hadn’t smiled.
Part of the reason for the different findings may be that there are lots of different kinds of smiles, says Paula Niedenthal, an expert at the University of Wisconsin-Madison . “Not all smiles are true smiles of joy.”
Moreover, recent research has found that, over time, forcing your expression into the shape of a smile can have a bad influence on health.
For example, service workers who felt forced to smile for customers all day triggered a higher risk of heavy drinking after work. That may be because unhappy employees forced to provide service with a smile are unlikely to be wearing true grins（露齿的笑）, the researchers say.
“Maybe we should not force people to smile when they are not feeling good,” Niedenthal says. “Because, I know when I’m sad and people tell me to smile, it just makes me angrier.”And as far as the research indicates, “smiling is not going to make any important difference in your life.”
1. The writer expresses his opinion in Paragraph 3 mainly by ________.| A．making a comparison | B．listing facts |
| C．giving examples | D．using an expert’s view |
| A．caused | B．controlled | C．avoided | D．supported |
| A．All smiles are true smiles of joy. |
| B．People should not be forced to smile. |
| C．We should learn to smile more often. |
| D．Smile always influences us in a positive way. |
| A．Can All Smiles Bring Happiness |
| B．Should We Be Forced To Smile |
| C．Are You Smiling the Right Way |
| D．What Kind of Smile Can Bring Happiness |
8 . The secret to happiness is keeping busy, research has found.
Keeping the mind occupied with tasks—no matter how meaningless—keeps off negative emotions, the study found.
However, the bad news is that humans are seemingly born to be lazy in order to save energy, according to Professor Christoper Hsee, a behavioral scientist at Chicago University.
In a study, 98 students were asked to complete two surveys. After they had completed the first, they were made to wait 15 minutes to receive the next one. They were given a choice of either banding in the first survey nearby or at a more distant location they had to walk to. No matter which choice they made, they received a chocolate bar. It turned out that about two-thirds (68 students) chose the lazy option. Those who had taken the walk reported feeling happier than those who had stayed put (呆在原处).
Prof. Hsee concluded that keeping busy helped keep people happy. He said the findings, reported in the journal Psychological Science, might have an effect on policies.
“Governments may increase the happiness of idle citizens by having them build bridges that are actually useless,” he suggested.
As for ordinary people, he advised, “Get up and do something. Anything. Even if there really is no point to what you are doing, you will feel better for it.” He added, “Thinking deeply or engaging in self-reflection can be regarded as keeping busy, too.”
“You do not need to be running around, You just need to be engaged, either physically or mentally.”
1. Keeping busy can make people happy because ________.| A．it can help people get rid of laziness |
| B．it can make people sleep better |
| C．it can help get rid of negative emotions |
| D．it can give people a sense of achievement |
| A．Policies may be influenced by the findings. |
| B．The officials have taken Prof. Hsee’s advice. |
| C．In the study half students handed in the first survey nearby. |
| D．Governments can increase citizens’ happiness by building bridges. |
| A．Everybody is born to be happy. |
| B．Only by keeping working all the time can you gaid happiness. |
| C．Prof. Hsee’s finding was published in Psychological Science. |
| D．Keeping busy goes against human nature. |
| A．What is Happiness |
| B．The Secret of Happiness: Keeping Busy |
| C．The Finding of Research: Do What You Like |
| D．Take Life correctly |
9 . Is there the best time to sleep? Did you realize you felt very tired the next day no matter how much you slept? Actually, you have a great biological clock（生物钟） inside your body which can tell you some true facts.
From 11 p.m. to 3 a.m., your liver（肝脏）gets larger when filled with more blood and it lets much litter in your body out. If you go to sleep at eleven in the evening, you have 4 hours to clean up the litter. And if you sleep at 2 o’clock in the morning, there is only an hour to go. What about sleeping after 3 a.m.? △
What about going to bed late and wake up late? There won’t be enough time to clean your body, and you will miss other important body functions（功能）, too.
From 3 a.m. to 5 a.m., you should exercise and breathe in fresh air to take in good energy into your body. From 5 a.m.to 7 a.m., go to the toilet. And from 7 a.m. to 9 a.m., it’s the best time to have breakfast. This is your most important meal in a day. Not having breakfast makes lots of healthy problems for you in the future.
Once you know the importance of your biological clock, try your best to follow it. If you have much work to do for the company at night, why not go to bed early and wake up early to do it? You’ll spend the same time, but your body will get fit.
根据短文内容，选择最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选定答案的字母标号填黑。
1. After reading, we can learn _________ is the right time to go to bed.
| A．11 p.m. | B．3 p.m. | C．2 a.m. | D．5 a.m. |
| A．You will have enough time to clean yourself. |
| B．You will have 3 hours to clean your body. |
| C．You will have 2 hours to clean your body. |
| D．You will have little time to clean yourself. |
| A．You won’t miss other body functions if you sleep too late. |
| B．The best time to do exercise and breathe is at 6 am. |
| C．You’d better go to the toilet from 5 am to 7 am. |
| D．Having breakfast is the most important thing in a day. |
| A．the clock. | B．the exercise. | C．the cleaning. | D．the work. |
| A．Sleep with the Biological Clock | B．Follow the Biological Clock |
| C．The Clock in the Biological World | D．The Functions of Biological Clock |
10 . Imagine having everything you need—hospitals, stores, parks—just a few steps from home. This is the idea behind the 15-minute city. Here, people can get all the services they need within 15 minutes from home. This social model is being developed in cities around the world, from Paris to Moscow. It could make people healthier and build stronger relationships with neighbors.
Carlos Moreno is a strong supporter of the 15-minute city. He was encouraged by the need to fight against climate (气候) change. In a 15-minute city, car travel is not the best choice. People should build more foot roads and bike roads. Walking or biking across the city is of great use in cutting down CO2 emissions (排放).
Anne Hidalgo plans to develop 15-minute communities throughout France. That means the number of parking space will be reduced to 60000 by 2024 and more bike roads will be created on every street of the city.
This type of design does more than good to the planet. Joe Zehnder is the planner of the city Moscow. He is developing”15-minute neighborhoods”. Having stores close to homes makes people able to eat healthier food and live a better life, “ Zehnder says.
Syra Madad is also a key person behind the 15-minute-city plan. He wants to make these places inclusive (包容的). As a neighborhood becomes more convenient, housing costs may increase. Madad suggests trying creating more kinds of houses, so that people of different groups can have a chance to live there.
1. What’s the best way to go outside in a 15-minute city?| A．By bus. | B．By car. | C．By taxi. | D．On foot. |
| A．Cut down | B．Put on | C．Cut off | D．Put up |
| A．By opening more stores close to homes. | B．By building more neighborhoods. |
| C．By increasing the housing costs. | D．By creating more kinds of houses. |
A． | B． | C． | D． |
| A．The Opinions of the 15-minute City | B．The Reason Why People Like the 15-minute City |
| C．The Time of Building a 15-minute City | D．The Way People Build the 15-minute City |
