1 . It is a cold and dry winter morning. When you wake up, you feel that your throat hurts. You begin to sneeze and later you may cough. You must have a cold! Wait a moment. Could it just be a common cold or the flu（流感）that’s been going around?
A cold gives you a runny nose and cough. But it’s usually easy to deal with. Some take medicine while others drink herbal（药草的）tea or chicken soup. Usually you feel better after a week.
On the other hand, the flu can be much more dangerous. It usually gives you fever. Sometimes it can cause death. According to an American magazine, the worst flu killed about 50 million people from 1918 to 1919.
Don’t worry. If you get a flu vaccine（疫苗）, it can stop you from getting the virus（病毒）. Flu vaccines work by giving the body a small amount of flu viruses. This causes your body to develop antibodies（抗体）. So next time you get the flu, the antibodies should help you.
The flu virus changes every few years. So there are so many types of flu, such as H1N1 and H5N1. The antibodies for one type of flu can’t help us against all types of flu. That’s why we need to get the vaccine every year.
However, good health habits（习惯）may also help stop you developing a cold or flu. Washing your hands often helps stop you from getting viruses. It is also important to get regular exercise and eat healthy food. All these can help you strengthen your immune system（增强免疫系统）.
1. If you have a common cold, usually you’ll feel better after ________ days.| A．7 | B．10 | C．15 | D．20 |
| A．It is easy to deal with. | B．It never gives you fever. | C．It first happened in 1919. | D．It can kill people sometimes. |
| A．your body will develop antibodies | B．it can’t stop you from getting the flu virus |
| C．it won’t cause your body to develop antibodies | D．your body will get a large amount of flu viruses |
| A．the flu is very dangerous | B．we probably have a cold in winter |
| C．the flu virus changes every few years | D．you don’t need to take any medicine after that |
| A．staying indoors | B．getting regular exercise | C．eating healthy food | D．washing our hands often |
Cruise ships, which sometimes carry as many as 5,000 passengers and workers, are like cities that travel across our seas. Cities produce a lot of rubbish, and so do cruise ships. But the rubbish from cities can be collected and taken away; this isn't true for the rubbish on cruise ships.
On a one-week voyage（航程）, cruise ships create more than 50 tons of rubbish and one million gallons of what is called “grey water”—that is, water from bathrooms, kitchens and washing machines. There is also 210,000 gallons of toilet waste. Most of this rubbish is sent into the sea—some of it has been treated to make it safe, but some has not. This pollution has a terrible effect on sea animals. The pollution kills some fish, or makes them dangerous for humans to eat as they have eaten polluted weeds and smaller fish in the sea. Pollution from cruise ships causes a problem for everything that lives in the sea, and that problem is sometimes passed on to humans, because they eat seafood.
Plastic waste that may be thrown off ships and then floats on the surface of the water is extremely（非常地）dangerous for creatures like dolphins, turtles and sea birds. These creatures often die from eating bags and other items made of plastic.
There are organizations which are trying to protect the seas of the world. They are working with governments in different countries to try to change the rules that govern（管控）what can and cannot be put into the sea. Let's hope something is done to stop the pollution of our seas before it's too late.
Questions: Answer the following questions according to the passage. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
1. Can the rubbish from cruise ships be collected and taken away?
2. What is called “grey water”?
3. Why does the pollution from cruise ships affect humans?
4. What kind of waste does great harm to dolphins, turtles and sea birds?
5. How should people protect sea animals?
Today's farmers markets have roots（起源）in history. The earliest farmers markets go back about 12,000 years! This is when farming first started. Famers would meet to trade their extra crops（额外的农作物）. Today's famers markets are a bit different. Farmers sell their crops directly to shoppers.
Farmers markets are good for farmers. When farmers sell crops to grocery stores（食品杂货店）, they share the money. When they sell to shoppers they keep all the money. Also, farmers get to know the shoppers. This is good for business. People start shopping from the same farmers again and again. Farmers markets are good for shoppers. They can buy healthy crops. The crops come from nearby farms. It does not have to travel far. This means they are fresher. They taste better.
Farmers markets are good for communities（社区）. Farmers do not travel far to the markets. This means less air pollution from trucks. Shoppers are likely to stop in other nearby shops, too. This is good for the businesses. Farmers markets are a good meeting place for neighbours. They also link（连接）people from the country and the city. This gives the farmers and shoppers a sense of community.
Questions 86-90: Answer the following questions according to the passage above. 根据上面的短文内容，回答下列问题。
1. When did farming first start?
2. How do today's farmers sell their crops?
3. Will people shop from the same farmers when they get to know each other?
4. Where do the crops in farmers markets come from?
5. What do you think is the main advantage of farmers markets?
4 . Our eyes are very important. They help us to do almost everything. For example, we can use them to read a newspaper or to look for a friend. But not many people know how our eyes work.
The human eye is very complex（复杂的）. Your eyes do many things when you see something. For example, what happens when you look at a flower? First, the light hits the flower. Then the light comes into your eyes. A special part of your eyes catches the light. Another special organ（器官）reads the light. It sends this information to the brain. Once the information gets to our brains, we can see!
However, some people have eyes that are not very strong. People can become blind for many different reasons. Sometimes, the problem happens when something in the eye stops the light from coming into the eye. At other times, part of the eye doesn't work and information is not sent to the brain. Many people need to wear glasses because they have trouble seeing. Usually, this is because part of the eye doesn't catch and send light properly to the brain. Do you know anyone who has trouble seeing?
Questions 91-95: Please complete the summary of the passage above. Use no more than three words for each blank. 请根据上面的短文内容完成摘要。每空不超过三个单词。
 As we know, eyes are very important. We use them in many |
5 . More than 2,000 years ago, China began selling products such as silk to Europe and Middle East. Different roads opened and together these roads are called the Silk Road. The Silk Road to Europe covered almost 6,500 kilometres. It was a long, difficult journey that could take about six months on foot.
People travelled along the Silk Road to carry silk, of course. They also carried and traded other things like spices（香料）and cloth.
During its busiest period, the Silk Road allowed people from different cultures and countries to meet. The Silk Road allowed trade in valuable things and the sharing of new ideas. People also shared stories, languages and cultures.
In modern times, the Old Silk Road is still used, but now it's crossed by trains instead of camels and horses. Today, companies such as Hewlett Packard use the New Silk Road to take laptops from China to Germany by train—in only 13 days!
There is a Silk Road Museum in Jiuquan, China. It has over 35,000 objects from all along the Silk Road. In this way, China protects the history of many countries and peoples.
Questions 1-5: Answer the following questions according to the passage above. 根据上面的短文内容，回答下列问题。
1. When did Chinese people begin selling silk to Europe and Middle East?
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2. How long would it take to walk through the Old Silk Road?
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3. How did people travel the Silk Road in the past?
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4. What museum can people visit in Jiuquan, China?
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5. What do you think is the main difference between the Old Silk Road and the New Silk Road?
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