1 . Friends are an important part of our lives. We spend time with them, have fun together, and share our opinions, feelings and even secrets. Life would be boring without friends. Friends influence who we are, help us learn, support us in good and bad times, and care for us even when we are not happy.
Often, we have many happy moments with our friends. We need someone to share things with to make them more enjoyable. Being lonely for long periods of time is not a great feeling. That is why it is important to spend time making friends and nurturing (维持) a close group of friends.
It is important to have a friend to talk to, whether it is about a sad or happy subject. In good times, it is wonderful to be able to celebrate with someone. It is also important to have someone support you if you have just had an unpleasant experience. Friends are important pillars (中心人物) of support.
Friends teach us important lessons. No one person is the same. As time goes by, we learn to respect one another’s differences. This acceptance of others’ differences is important as we meet more and more people in our lives such as new family members, neighbors and new friends.
| Life would not be | We can |
| If you | |
What can help us when we fail?
Don’t make yourself stop trying
A baby learns to walk not by walking. but by falling. He doesn’t give up until he learns to walk. You can do something new successfully if you keep trying. Sometimes, you may feel sad because you don’t make much progress.. But if you give up, your progress will come to an end.
Understand the power of optimism(乐观)
Optimism can open you up to more possibilities than usual. To be optimistic(乐观的) means to believe something good will always happen. Kids don’t ask whether they can do something or not because they know they can.
Learn to depend on yourself first, then others
Those who are independent can deal with problems and stress more easily than those who aren’t. And you should be more confident to be independent.
Don’t look back
Adults spend too much of their lives looking back. There’s nothing back there to see. A baby wouldn’t learn to walk if he kept looking behind himself while trying to move forward. Spend just 10 percent more of your time looking forward and you’ll find yourself in a better situation.
Failure(失败) is a part of life since the earliest moment of life. It’s a normal and natural part of life that is neither bad nor good-- it’s just how we learn. So the question isn’t whether you want to fail or not, but how quickly you can accept your failure. Just learn something from it and try again.
Things to do when we fail | |
| Don’t make yourself stop trying | If you keep trying, you can |
| Understand the | If you keep optimistic, you will have more possibilities and you will be followed by something good. |
| Depend more on yourself | Problems and stress can be |
| Look | You just use 10 percent more of your time to look forward for a better situation. |
| Conclusion (总结) | It’s normal and natural to fail in our life. Failure is just our ways of |
3 . After months of study, you have some time to relax. So, why not read a book? Well, some people will say, “Why trouble with books? We have the Internet and other media (媒体) that offer a lot more colorful programs. Books are history!” But don’t be fooled. There’s still a lot to be said for reading.
One clear reason is that a well-chosen book is a wonderful collection of words and expression. If you have a good dictionary, I think it’s far easier to get standard (标准的) English than from the TV or the Internet.
An even more important reason is that books give you something that media can not. The web page is always full of pictures and the text is often designed to make it as easy to read as possible. Though “easy” may be welcome, unluckily it’s of little use for any long-time development of reading skills and the general language level. For that, there’s still no substitute (替代品) for a book.
However, perhaps the best reason is that simply choosing what you read and doing it by yourself means that it’s something you do by and for yourself. You can choose what you want to read. It’s hard work, but while you are reading, you’ll find that what once seemed like a duty is now a pleasure. In a word, reading books can bring us pleasure.
1题判断正误（T/F）；2题完成句子，3题和4题回答问题；5题翻译划线句子。
1. A well-chosen book is a poor collection of words and expressions.
2. The writer thinks you should
3. How many reasons for reading books does the text mention?
4. What’s the web page full of?
5.
4 . Leonardo da Vinci（莱奥纳多·达·芬奇）was a famous artist who was born in Italy. He was also a great inventor. Many of his inventions have become important in modern life. Although Leonardo hated war, he invented many different machines used for war. His most special invention was the machine gun, which was produced and used in war. Besides, Leonardo spent days thinking about how to save time. He developed ideas for something like cutting machines.
Leonardo was a strange man. He never ate meat. That was very unusual in those times (时代). He never published (发表) scientific discoveries. He usually used mirror writing, which looks like usual writing in a mirror, starting from the right side of the page and moving to the left side.
Only a few of his paintings are left today. Many paintings were not finished because he thought they were not perfect.
Leonardo was talented and creative. He was regarded as one of the most intelligent men in the world.
Leonardo da Vinci | |
His status (身份) | Not only an artist but also an |
His invention and ideas | The machine Ideas for something like machines used to |
His strange behaviors | He never ate meat. He never published discoveries connected with He used mirror writing. |
Why only a few of his paintings are left today | Because many paintings were not |
5 . You might think the largest library in the world would be in Europe. But it isn't. It's in Washington, D. C. It's called the Library of Congress.
President John Adams started the library in 1800 for members of Congress. He wanted them to be able to read books about law. The first 740 books were bought in England. They were simply set up in the room where Congress met. Then Thomas Jefferson sold Congress may of his own books. He felt Congress should have books on all subjects, not just on law. This idea changed the library fundamentally.
The library grew and grew. Now it covers acres of land. It has 20 million books as well as scores of pictures, movies, globes and machines. Experts in every field work there. Hundreds of people call every day with all kinds of questions. Many of them get answers right over the phone.
The library is a huge storehouse. Thomas Edison's first movie and Harry Houdini's magic books reside there. And it is the proud owner of the world's best collection of comic books.
The | |
Location of the library | The largest library in the world is not in |
Purpose of the library | The library was started by President John Adams in 1800. He wanted the members of Congress to be able to read books about |
Area of the library | The library has |
It has 20 million books as well as scores of pictures, movies, globes and machines. Thomas Edison's first movie and Harry Houdini's magic books are also collected there. | |
Some etiquette（礼仪）in modern life
Do you often use a cell phone? Do you take the subway to school every day? These items make our modern life easier. But do you know how we should behave properly while using them? The following suggestions might be helpful.
For cell phone users
◆Keep your voice down when you make a phone call in public. Shouting on the phone may make others feel uncomfortable. And you’d better not use it during an appointment（约会）.
◆Stop sending messages or playing games with your cell phone at a dinner or a party. It’s a good time to communicate（交流）with your family and friends.
◆Don’t make or answer a call while driving. It is not only very dangerous for both you and your passengers but also against the law.
For subway passengers
◆You are supposed to wait in line while buying tickets and getting on the subway.
◆You’re not allowed to eat, drink or smoke on the subway train. The smell and noise may trouble others. It’s our duty to keep the train clean and tidy. Besides, smoking is bad for health.
◆ You can’t take pets on the train. As we all know, animals may spread diseases（传播疾病）and get the train dirty.
◆ You’d better not lie across the subway seats even if the train isn’t crowded. Offering your seat to someone who needs it is regarded as good manners.
Items | What we should do | What we shouldn’t do |
Cell phoneusers | Keep your | ● Don’t send messages or play games at a dinner or a party. ● Don’t make or answer a |
Subway passengers | ● Wait in line ●Keep the train clean and ●Offer your seat to someone who needs it. | ● Don’t eat, drink or ●Don’t take ● Don’t lie across the subway seats. |
Stop Smoking Now——We Can Help!
In most US cities and towns, there are local organizations to help people stop smoking. One of the most popular and successful organizations is California Smokers’Helpline.Here is a page from one of their leaflets(传单).
When you really want a cigarette(香烟)——try the three Ds:
1. Delay: Look at your watch and wait for a couple of minutes. If you can wait two minutes, you won't want to smoke.
2. Drink something: If you drink water or some other drinks, you will reduce the need to have something in your mouth.
3. Deep breathing（呼吸）: Take a deep and slow breath. Count to five when your lungs are full. Then breathe out slowly. Repeat several times.
And here are some ideas from Florida Anti—smoking Club to help people to give up smoking:
1. Make a plan: Make a list of friends who smoke and places where you smoke. Don't see those people and don't go to those places!
2. Keep busy: Instead of smoking, make a phone call, take a short walk, or talk with a friend.
3. Develop new interests: Exercise—walking, biking, jogging, swimming or taking a music class——helps you to forget about cigarettes.
Set a date and act at once to give up smoking for your own good.
Passage Outline（概要） | Supporting Details | |
Organizations to help stop smoking | There are local organizations to help stop smoking.Among them are California Smoker’s Helpline and Florida Anti—smoking | |
Ds to help stop smoking | Delay your action.Delay for more than two minutes,and you'll probably give up the desire to smoke. Deep breathing. Take a deep breath slowly, count to five, and then breathe out. | |
Make a plan to avoid meeting the friends who smoke and don't go to the places where you smoke. Keep Develop your interests to help you forget about cigarettes. | ||
Advice to smokers | For your own good, you 'd' better set a date and |
8 . Today more and more people want to live in big cities, but what can be done to help them live in crowded cities like Tokyo? Many architects( 建 筑 师 ) are looking for ways to solve this problem. 25-year-old Haseef Rafiei has caught the world’s attention because of his special skyscraper concept(摩天大楼概 念)—“Pod Vending Machine” skyscraper.
Haseef comes from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. He is now a student of Manchester School of Architecture. He got his idea form a trip to Japan. He noticed vending machines are popular in Japan. He said, “Vending machines make buying easy and interesting.” After seeing vending machines have made such a difference to people’s lives, Haseef thought, “Why not build skyscrapers that act the same way?”
Haseef’s “Pod Vending Machine” skyscraper can act as a home vending machine. If people want to buy houses in the skyscraper, they can choose the types of pods(吊舱) they’d like to live in and what the inside of the pods looks like. Then the large 3D printer at the top of skyscraper can get the pods printed and then cranes ( 起 重 机 ) can get the pods placed. A smart system inside the skyscraper decides the best place for every pod. If a person doesn’t want to live in his pod any more, the pod will be returned to the 3D printer to get recycled. How amazing it is!
1. 判断正误（“T”表示正确，“F”表示错误）；A 3D printer at the top of the “Pod Vending Machine”skyscraper can help people print the pods they choose.
2. 完成句子
Haseef said that vending machines
3. 简略回答问题: Why has Haseef Rafiei caught the world’s attention?
4. 找出并写下第三段的主题句；
5. 将文中画线句子译成汉语。
9 . When we say someone is in a blue mood, it means he or she is unhappy or sad. Are you feeling a little blue? Here are some fast and easy ways to cheer you up.
Exercise
When you exercise, your brain gives out a chemical called Endorphin (内啡肽). This chemical makes you feel happy. That is why exercise is good for you.
Have a talk
If something or somebody is troubling you, don’t quarrel with other people to relax yourself. It is a good idea to have a heart-to-heart talk with a friend or a family member. Tell (A)them your feelings. A chat is a useful way to make you feel better.
Have some hobbies
For example, playing pop music, drawing something or listening to your favorite music will make you smile. Act like an artist. Draw, paint or make something. Being active and creative makes you feel more satisfied and less nervous.
Laugh more
(B) 笑是改善你心情的最好方法。Children laugh about 400 times a day. Adults only laugh about 20 times a day. What happen? Experts say if we laugh more, we will be happier and healthier.
Think positively
Close your eyes and imagine a beautiful scene or a time. (C)Never think about anything terrible that you can’t change. What’s more, leave your flat and go outside. Sun and fresh air are good for you. Be a kid for a day. Play games, watch comedy movies or read jokes online.
1. (A)处画线单词“them”指代2. 根据短文内容回答问题。
How does being active and creative make you feel?
3. 将(B)处画线句子翻译成英文。
4. 将(C)处画线句子翻译成中文。
5. 给该文段拟一个标题。
10 . We live in a society that is producing and using electronics(电子产品) all the time. What happy to your computers, MP3 players and cell phones when they’re broken or you want a new one?
Most people just throw them away. In 2016, people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of electronic waste (e-waste,电子垃圾) and only recycled 6.5 million tons, according to the United Nations last month. The US was the biggest waster, producing 7.1 million tons. China ranked second, with 6 million tons.
(A)It’s important to pay attention to e-waste. It can either be valuable or harmful, depending on how we treat it.
To help reduce e-waste, the first thing we can do is to buy longer lasting electronic equipment. If you have unwanted electronic such as aging toys or cell phones, find a new home for them by giving them to charities. （B）You can also take computers and phones to see if companies offer recycling programs. Apple, for example, now offers people a discount(折扣) in China if they hand in their used devices when buying new ones. The company will test and repair the used ones and sell (C)them at lower prices.
1. 根据短文内容回答问题。Which country produced most e-waste in 2016?
2. 将（A）处画线句子翻译成汉语。
3. 将（B）处画线句子进行同义句转换。(每空一词)
You can also take computers and phones to the producers to see if they offer recycling programs.
Computers and phones can
4. 写出（C）出画线单词“them”指代
5. 针对如何减少电子垃圾，请你用英语再给出一条建议。
