1 . Do Dogs Dream?
Unlike cartoon images (图像、影像), real dogs don’t speak and describe their sleep. So you may wonder: do dogs dream like their owners?
A scientific research conducted at MIT found that during sleep, brains of humans and dogs work in a similar manner. When you or your dog first falls asleep, you experience SWS—slow wave(波) sleep—when the brain waves are slow but muscles (肌肉) are still active. Later a deeper stage of sleep happens. This stage is called REM sleep — rapid eye movements sleep. During REM, muscles are more relaxed, but the mind is more active. It was proved that both humans and dogs experience these two stages of the sleep circle. Since we know that humans dream, it is safe to conclude(做出结论) that dogs dream too.
Scientists found that as a dog falls asleep, his breathing becomes deeper and more regular(规则的). After about 20 minutes in REM sleep, dreams usually begin for normal dogs. While dreaming, the dog’s breathing may become weak and irregular, and his eyes move about behind the closed lids (眼睑) as if the dog is looking at something. By comparing brain wave patterns, researchers suggested that during REM, dogs are visualizing (呈现) dream images much like humans do during this stage of sleep.
Besides, it also found that during REM, the sleeping brain operates much like it does when awake, so both man and dogs dream about things that happen during their waking hours. Information gathered during the day is processed at night and may be relived in dreams. So your dog may “sleep run” as he runs after a cat or fetches a ball.
Studies also show that some dogs dream more than others, and the frequency and length of dreams are different according to the age and size of dogs. Young puppies usually experience more dreams than adult dogs. One possible reason is that puppies get huge amounts (数量) of new information daily and have much to process at night. Among dogs of the same age, smaller dogs seem to have more dreams than their bigger friends, but their dreams may last shorter. Dream length and frequency are also related to the amount of sleep required. A dog that has an active day outside may sleep more soundly than usual and experience longer periods of REM sleep, giving him more time to dream.
1. What happens to the dogs during REM sleep?| A．Their muscles stay active. | B．Their dreams take place. |
| C．Their brain waves are slow. | D．Their mind is more relaxed. |
| A．breathes regularly | B．opens the lids |
| C．visualizes images | D．gathers information |
| A．Required. | B．Reviewed. | C．Repaired. | D．Researched. |
| A．Why dogs dream like humans. | B．What bigger dogs dream about. |
| C．Why young puppies have more dreams. | D．What causes the differences of dogs’ dreams. |
2 . The Long March 5 Y3 is China's strongest rocket. China's biggest and most powerful rocket rose into space on Dec 27, 2019. The Long March 5 finished its task at the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan.
The 57-meter-tall rocket, known as the Long March 5 Y3, is the tallest, strongest and most technologically sophisticated (技术复杂的) rocket in China. Since it is much bigger than China's other Long March rockets, people call it "Fat 5". The rocket is able to carry spacecraft (航天器) weighing up to 25 tons—about the weight of 16 midsize cars—into low-Earth orbit (近地轨道), China Daily reported. This payload capacity (有效载荷) is about 2.5 times greater than that of any other Chinese rocket. During December, the Long March 5 successfully sent the Shijiao 20 experimental satellite (卫星) into orbit. At more than 8 tons, it is the heaviest and most advanced communications satellite built by China.
The task also tested key technologies that will be used to take the Chang'e 5 probe (探测器) to the moon, according to the China National Space Administration.
The success of the Long March 5 was hard-earned. The rockets first sending was carried out in November 2016 at the Wenchang center. A second task took place in July 2017 at the same site, but failed to send a satellite into orbit. According to project leaders, in the two years since that failure, the rocket's research team held more than 600 meetings and carried out at least 1,000 experiments and tests.
"Compared with the Long March 5 Y2 that was used in the failed second task, the new one has about 200 technical improvements, including changes to the engine design." Li Dong, the rocket's designer, said to China Daily.
The future tasks of the Long March 5 will include a trip to Mars, taking back moon samples (样本), and placing parts of a manned space station into orbit.
1. What do we know about the Long March 5?| A．It was sent at the start of 2019. | B．It was sent in Xichang. |
| C．It is the tallest rocket in the world. | D．It is the biggest Long March rocket. |
| A．About 2.5 tons. | B．About 10 tons. | C．About 25 tons. | D．About 63 tons. |
| A．improve satellite engineering technologies | B．send China’s heaviest satellite into orbit |
| C．take the Chang'e 5 probe to the moon | D．send a manned space station into orbit |
| A．When the Long March 5 will stop working. |
| B．How China's space station will be built. |
| C．What the Long March 5 will be used for in the future. |
| D．What China's space exploration will focus on in the future |
3 . Students in Australia go to school for 200 days a year. Their school year is from late January to mid December. Their school year has four terms. The school day is from 9 am to 3:30 pm, and lunch is eaten at school. Each class usually has eighteen students.
School grades in Australia are called years. From year one to year six, students spend about 12 hours a week working on math and English.
The school day in France run from 8 am to 4 pm, with a half day on Saturday, although students don't go to school on Wednesday or Sunday. Lunch is a two-hour break. Students usually go to school from ages 6 to 18. The number of students every class is 23. The school year is from August to June, and it has four seven-week terms.
Students from 6 to 11 learn basic skills in reading, writing, math and so on.
1. The school year in Australia is ________.| A．from early September to late June | B．from August to June |
| C．from late January to mid December | D．from March to November |
| A．4 | B．4.5 | C．5 | D．5.5 |
| A．Every class has 23 students in Australia. |
| B．Students spend 12 hours a week doing sports in Australia. |
| C．Students from 6 to 11 in France learn basic skills. |
| D．No students in Australia and France have lunch at school. |
| A．school lessons | B．school times | C．students numbers | D．school years |
4 . Everyone knows hand-washing is important. But a new study shows how washing your hands often, and at the right time, can have an effect on your family’s risk(危险) for getting sick. Most studies on hand-washing focus on medical and food service workers. But washing hands at home is a way to stop viruses 病毒from spreading. Several studies show hands are the single most important way for all types of infections. Even though most people know to wash their hands after using the toilet.
Researchers found 83 percent of virus was on the surface of bathroom, living room and kitchen. Another study found that at homes where salmonella(沙门氏菌) cases had been found, the bacteria remained there for three weeks. That’s why people should pay attention to cleaning such surfaces regularly and always wash hands after touching them. In one study, a volunteer touched a door handle that had been with a virus. He then shook hands with other volunteers, and further tests showed he had spread the virus to six people.
The study authors note that time of hand-washing is the key. It’s obvious to wash hands after using the toilet,before eating or handling food. Other important times for hand-washing are after cleaning up a pet, or after touching garbage cans, cleaning clothes, dish rags that may have come into contact with raw food.
It may be hard to believe that something as simple as regular hand-washing can make a difference in your family’s health, considering what happened in Hong Kong during the 2003 outbreak of SARS, a severe kind of disease. The outbreak caused the public pay more attention to their basic hygiene(卫生) habits, including regular hand-washing. Not only was the SARS stopped, but other cases of illnesses, including the flu, stopped.
1. The underlined word “bacteria” in the second paragraph means _______.| A．hard study | B．dirty room | C．careful researchers | D．small living things |
| A．hand-washing can improve your health quickly |
| B．hand-washing is paid special attention. |
| C．hand-washing can cure many kinds of disease |
| D．hand-washing plays an important part in fighting SARS |
| A．What is the most important time of washing hands? |
| B．What can you do to stop yourself from being ill? |
| C．Why may hand-washing be your best medicine? |
| D．Why the viruses spread so quickly? |
| A．the virus will stay under the surface |
| B．people didn’t know it’s important to wash hands |
| C．some pets may carry some kinds of virus |
| D．the virus will die quickly after spreading |
5 . Big Brothers Big Sisters is based on the power of friendship. It is a program which provides friendship and fun by matching vulnerable young people (ages 7-17) with a volunteer adult who can be both a role model and a supportive friend.
Volunteer tutors come from all walks of life — married, single, with or without children. Big Brothers and Big Sisters are not replacement parents or social workers. They are tutors: someone to trust, to have fun with, to talk and go to when needed.
A Big Sister and Little Sister will generally spend between one and four hours together three or four times each month for at least twelve months. They enjoy simple activities such as a picnic at a park, cooking, doing sports or going to a football match. These activities improve the friendship and help the young person develop self-respect, confidence and life direction.
Big Brothers Big Sisters organizations can be found throughout the world. It is the largest and most well-known provider of tutor services internationally and has been operating for 25 years.
Emily and Sarah have been matched since 2008. Emily is a 15-year-old girl who has experienced some difficulties being accepted by her schoolmates at school. “I was pretty sure there was something wrong with me.”
Emily’s mum came across Big Brothers Big Sisters and thought it would be of benefit to Emily by “providing different feedback about herself other than just depending on schoolmates to measure (测量) her self-worth.”
Sarah wanted to get involved (使参与) in a volunteer program. “I googled it and found out how to be a part of it. I thought it would be fun for me to get involved in making time to do something because sometimes it is all work and no play.”
Big Brothers Big Sisters has been of great benefit and enjoyment to both Emily and Sarah. They love and look forward to their time together and the partnership has certainly helped Emily be more comfortable in being the wonderful and happy girl she is!
1. According to the passage, “vulnerable young people” are probably those who are ________.| A．popular at school | B．rather weak physically |
| C．easily hurt emotionally | D．confident in themselves |
| A．72 hours | B．48 hours | C．36 hours | D．24 hours |
| A．She felt a bit bored with her life. |
| B．She used to be a volunteer. |
| C．She needed a part-time job. |
| D．She wanted to get a difficult job. |
| A．To offer students public services. |
| B．To help students improve their grades. |
| C．To organize funny sport activities for young people. |
| D．To provide partnership and fun for young people. |
6 . "I sometimes get up at three or four in the morning and I surf the net."
"I often check my e-mail forty times a day."
"I often spend more than three hours during one time on the net."
"I spend more time in chat rooms than with my 'real-life' friends."
Do you know any people like these? They are part of a new addiction(瘾）called Internet addiction. Internet addicts spend at least thirty to forty hours online every week. The use of the Internet can be an addiction like drug（毒品）use. People lose control（控制）of the time they spend on the Internet. For example, one college student was missing for a few days. His friends are worried, and they call the police. The police find the student in the computer room: he was surfing the net for a few days.
Studies show that about 6-10% of Internet users become addicted. And people worry about the teens because the Internet is changing the playing field for some of them. They spend more time in cyberspace than in the real world of friends and family.
Is "surfing the net" a hobby or an addiction for you? You may have a problem if you have these symptoms:
*You do not go to important family activities or you do not do school work because you like to spend hours on the Internet.
*You can't wait for your next online time.
*You plan to spend a short time online, but then you spend several hours.
*You go out with your friends less and less.
1. What does the beginning of the passage tell us?| A．How to become an Internet addict. | B．How important the Internet is! |
| C．Where to find an Internet addict. | D．What Internet addicts usually do. |
| A．like using drugs | B．a way of making drugs |
| C．one of children's hobbies. | D．easy to control |
| A．Because the teens are wasting too much money. |
| B．Because they often work and study on the Internet for long. |
| C．Because the playing field of the teens is getting larger and larger. |
| D．Because the teens may forget the time easily while surfing the Internet. |
| A．use the drugs | B．control themselves |
| C．surf on the Internet | D．be an Internet addict |
7 . Sore necks are very common these days. How to avoid a sore neck? Here are the things you should know.
●Take precautions (预防措施 ) after an unusual activily. Many people report having a pain in their necks after doing something that they don’t often do, such as a new exercise or packing and moving.
lf you know you’ve done something that puts you a risk, massage(按摩)your neck , do it with different exercises and take a warm bath before bed.
●Make sure your workstation is correct. If you work long hours at a desk you may want to make sure that your work environment is set up to be the most relaxing. Make sure that your body is being treated right.
Keep your feet on the floor. This will often depend on how high your chair is, so adjust(调整) it in time to achieve good results.
●Change your posture often. Sitting in one position for long periods of time is nor healthy. Sit with your back straight for most of the rime. Take a 5-minute break if you can and walk around every hour.
●Exercise. Find something — swimming, running or climbing — that makes you excited and feel alive. Make it into a usual way. Your body will feel better and your mind will feel more relaxed.
1. In Paragraph 5, the underlined word “it”refers to(指) .| A．the desk | B．the chair | C．your neck | D．yourbody |
| A．姿势 | B．方向 | C．方式 | D．状态 |
| A．Making your work environment be quiet |
| B．Sitting with back straight for a moment |
| C．Packing and moving for a long time |
| D．Exercising often like swimming or running |
| A．doing it with differeni exercises | B．massaging your neck |
| C．taking a warm bath before bed | D．looking at your phone for too long |
| A．how to do exercise well | B．exercising often is good for people |
| C．how to avoid a sore neck | D．being healthy is the most important |
Bring a small present. When you go to a dinner party, it’s a good idea to bring a small present. Flowers are always nice and welcome. You can also bring a box of chocolate or a bottle of wine. You don’t need to bring expensive presents.
You should arrive on time. Don’t be late for the party. If you can’t catch the bus and you may be late for the party, remember to call the host（主人） or the hostess（女主人）.
Try to be relaxed at the dinner table. Don’t be nervous(紧张的).Try to be relaxed and smile. If you don’t know how to use the fork and knife, don’t worry about it. You can watch other people and follow them.
Don’t forget to thank the host and the hostess. Before you leave the party, say thanks to the host and hostess. If you like the meals, speak out. The host and hostess will be pleased to know that.
1. If you go to a dinner party, you can bring some things EXCEPT______.
| A．flowers | B．chocolate | C．wine | D．a watch |
| A．You can forget the time. | B．You can call the host or the hostess. |
| C．You can send an email to the host. | D．You can ask the host to pick you up. |
| A．ask others to teach you | B．ask the host to teach you |
| C．watch others and follow them | D．use chopsticks instead of the fork and knife. |
| A．happy | B．sad | C．relaxed | D．angry |
| A．It’s about different kinds of parties. |
| B．It’s about how to be popular at the party. |
| C．It’s about the best time to have a party. |
| D．It’s about the best present for the host and hostess. |
Germany(德国) is one of the most beautiful countries in the world. It is in the middle of Europe. Poland is on its east(东). Austria and Switzerland are on its south.
Germany is a great place to go all year round. Most people like to visit it from May to September (the holiday season) when there're lots of sunny days. They can go hiking(徒步旅行), go cycling and go swimming.
Some people like to visit it in other seasons (from March to May and from October to early November). People can also enjoy skiing(滑雪) between November and early March, because the weather is very cold at that time. The ski areas in the Bavarian Alps are the best places to go skiing.
Remember that it may rain in any month, so try to be careful.
1. ________ is on Germany's south.
| A．Austria | B．Poland | C．Australia | D．China |
| A．nine | B．seven | C．six | D．five |
| A．They will go cycling. | B．They will go hiking. |
| C．They will go skiing. | D．They will go swimming. |
| A．there're always many people in Germany |
| B．it may rain in any month in Germany |
| C．it is very cold in any month in Germany |
| D．it's difficult to make friends with people in Germany |
| A．In a history book. |
| B．In a storybook. |
| C．In a travel guide(旅游指南)． |
| D．In a dictionary. |
The friendship between humans and dogs possibly began 14, 000 years ago.Here are four examples of "a dog's life" in the human world today.
Treated like a queen
Tiffy is one of these dogs. Her owner, Nancy Iane Loewy, treats her like a queen. She patiently prepares Tiffy's meals of meat, fish, chicken and different kinds of fresh vegetables. Tiffy also eats yoghurt and biscuits after dinner. Loewy's husband has a very good job and her two sons are away at university, so she has the time and money totreat Tiffy very well, and she truly enjoys doing it. "I want to give her the healthiest, most wonderful life as long as possible," she says.
Food snitTer dogs(嗅探犬)
Food sniffer dogs work at international airports in the United States. Their job is to smell and find illegal(不合法的) fruits, vegetables and other foods in bags and mail. These foods sometimes bring insects and diseases which could be dangerous for plants and animals. The dog calmly sits down next to anything that smells suspicious(可疑的) . The dog's human partner then checks for illegal foods. SnifFer dogs are friendly and cute, so they don't scare people as they sniff through the crowds. More importantly, these dogs have an astonishing nose for food. They can find food in bags 84% of the time.
Animal carers
Jessie is a whippet(水灵狗) that visits very sick children in hospital. She shows them her love and when they feel down, Jessie makes them happy. Jessie helps patients to stay strong during their time in hospital.
There are many different kinds of animals that help people. We train " service dogs" to help people with physical disabilities. The best known service dogs are guides for the blind. But they can also learn to __________, turn lights on and off, pick up objects from the floor and even pull wheelchairs.
Doggie detectives (侦探犬)
Search-and-rescue (SAR) dogs use their amazing noses to find people. They can smell tiny clues(绒索) that people leave wherever they go. These include bacteria(细菌) , small pieces of cloffiing and hairs. They may Fmd missing hikers and search through rubble(碎石) after earthquakes and other disasters.
1. What food does Tiffy eat?
| A．Only yoghurt and biscuits. |
| B．Anything except vegetables |
| C．Normal dog food from shops. |
| D．Home-cooked meals. |
| A．look for missing hikers |
| B．open and close doors |
| C．do any tasks for people |
| D．follow people here and there |
| A．SAR dogs. | B．Whippet dogs. |
| C．Sniffer dogs. | D．Queen dogs. |
| A．To introduce different kinds of food sniffer dogs. |
| B．To tell the readers the importance of protecting animals. |
| C．To show the special relationships between dogs and humans. |
| D．To share with the readers the pleasure of keeping dogs as pets. |
