1 . The fire at Notre Dame Cathedral（巴黎圣母院）in Paris has raised questions about the condition of thousands of other historic buildings across Europe.

Some people say the fire last month was a wake-up call, not just for Europe, but the whole world. Large fires have long robbed humanity of knowledge, art and treasures. One example is the fire at the famous library of Alexandria in northern Egypt about 1700 years ago.

In 2015, the German engineering company Siemens found that Scotland had about 10 serious fires a year, while England lost at least twelve listed buildings a year. In Germany, 70 historic buildings have been destroyed since 2000.

And all too often, fires happen while old buildings are being repaired. Experts say that what is needed is continuous attention and maintenance(维护). These steps, if taken, could help avoid the need for major repairing work.

But regular attention and maintenance costs money.

Part of the problem comes from the shortage of money provided by governments after the 2008 financial crisis (金融危机). As a result, governments are increasingly looking for rich companies to keep up these historic buildings.

“We do need more money, but this is a shared duty for governments, businesses and citizens across Europe,” said an officer from the European Union.

Some say world-famous monuments like Notre Dame are the driving force behind tourism and should get more respect. People have noticed the importance of such respect.

“Historic buildings are a gold mine(矿). You cannot explore it and then just leave the mine and go to another one. It is something you really have to value,” the officer said.

1. After the fire at Notre Dame Cathedral, more attention is paid to ________ .

A．European governments	B．famous libraries
C．engineering companies	D．the old buildings

2. According to the passage, one of the biggest enemies of cultural treasures is ________ .

A．robbers

B．fires

C．money

D．tourists

3. “These steps” in Paragraph 4 refer to (指代) ________ .

A．attention and maintenance	B．careful repairing work
C．enough respect from people	D．serious financial crisis

4. The officer thinks ________ should accept the duty of caring for these famous monuments.

A．citizens around the world	B．the European governments
C．rich European businesses	D．the whole European society

5. The purpose of writing this article is to ask everyone to ________ .

A．value historic buildings	B．donate plenty of money
C．pay attention to big fires	D．avoid exploring mines

2 . 根据文章内容，完成下列各句。

Have you heard of the sandstorm? It is a natural disaster. It often happens in the desert. A sandstorm is like a snowstorm. They both bring a lot of trouble to people. In sandstorms, the wind carries the sand. Sandstorms are different from other disasters(灾难). They come with a warning(前兆) but other disasters come without any warnings. So when you see that clouds have a dark colour, it means there is going to be a sandstorm.

If it doesn’t rain for a long time, sandstorms may happen. When there are sandstorms in cities, there will be no planes in the sky. It would be dangerous for the pilot(飞行员)to fly the plane because he cannot see clearly. There would also be more traffic accidents in the street. The sky is gray and people cannot see very far.

There are many deserts in Africa and Asia. Sandstorms often happen in these places. People can stop sandstorms by planting trees.

1. Sandstorm is a ________ and it often happens in the desert.
2. Both a sandstorm and a snowstorm bring ________ to people.
3. There is going to be a sandstorm if the clouds have ________.
4. Sandstorms may happen if it ________ for a long time. .
5. When sandstorms happen, the pilot cannot ________.

5 . Lan Lan, a student of Grade Seven in Lushan, was taking a drawing class in a tent on April 23. Guess what she drew—a house with wings. When the teacher asked why she did so, Lan said if her house could f     1     , it wouldn’t fall down in an earthquake.

Lan’s hometown was hit by a s     2    earthquake on April 20. At least 196 people were killed and more than 11,000 were injured. Many people became homeless. Soldiers and doctors q     3    arrived in the area, saving people and rebuilding homes. Lots of money was sent there to help all those in need.

Although we can’t prevent (阻止) an earthquake from happening, we can use some methods to r     4    harm. During an earthquake, do not jump out of high buildings because it is very d     5    . Another method is to cover your head and neck u     6    a strong table or desk. If there is no shelter (躲避处) nearby, you can also stay by a wall, and cover your head and neck with your arms and hands. And then you must keep calm and stay there u     7     the shaking stops.

Japan is a c     8     which lies on the earthquake belt (地震带) and it is very good at dealing with earthquakes. From a very young age, the Japanese are already taught how to survive (幸存) them. Students often receive earthquake training. Almost in every Japanese family you can find a survival kit (救生装备) with a flash-light, a radio, water and enough food for several days. This helps people to stay a     9    after an earthquake.

“There should be more safety t     10    at schools in our country,” said Xu Jiannong, an education expert in Beijing. There is no more truth than this when one’s life is the most important of all.

6 . 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容完成句子。

Typhoons in the northern part of the world have girls’ names. Sometimes they have very beautiful names. Rose is a pretty name but there was nothing pretty about Typhoon Rose. It was the worst typhoon to hit Hong Kong in fifty years.

It began to rain on the morning of Monday, August 16^th, 1971. At ten o’clock in the morning, Typhoon Rose was still 130 miles away but the wind was already blowing people’s umbrella away. The wind became stronger and stronger. The typhoon shelters（避难所） were soon full of boats. Ships that were too big to go inside the shelters put down more anchors（锚）. Some very big ships went out to sea. It is safer for a big ship to be at sea in a typhoon because it cannot be blown onto rocks. Kai Tak Airport closed. No planes were able to take off or land. At 9:00 in the evening, all the lights went out. No one slept well that night. It was difficult to sleep in such bad weather.

In Typhoon Rose, more than one hundred people died. 229 people were hurt and 66 of these had to go to hospital. 1,500 lost their homes. The people of Hong Kong will remember Typhoon Rose forever.

1. Typhoon Rose was the worst typhoon to hit _________ in 50 years.
2. When the wind became stronger and stronger, the typhoon shelters were_________with boats.
3. It was not easy for people _________ in such bad weather when Typhoon Rose came.
4. In Typhoon Rose, more than 100 people died and 1,500_________.
5. The people of Hong Kong will never_________Typhoon Rose.

7 . In northern China during spring, big sandstorm often make trouble for people. Sandstorms usually happen in spring. They have happened in more than 10 provinces in northern China this year. People in southern China don't have to worry about this kind of bad weather. Most of the sand comes from the north of China. In northern China, lots of places have few trees and don't get much rain. When there aren't many trees, the ground can't keep enough water. Over the years, the ground dries up and turns to sand. When spring comes and the ice melts, the ground becomes loose. Strong winds take theloosesand into the sky. Besides, in northeast China, there lies some vast deserts.

Sandstorms are bad for people's health. If people breathe in too much sand, they will cough or have serious illnesses. Sandstorms also give farmers lots of problems. Sometimes their sheep get lost in the storms and never come back home. The winds also tear the farmers' houses down.

What can you do to stop sandstorms? Here's a piece of advice. Ask your parents to help you plant some trees this spring. If you see people cutting down too many trees, tell them about the dangers of sandstorms, and ask your government to stop them.

1. When do sandstorms usually happen?

A．In summer.

B．In spring.

C．In winter.

D．In autumn

2. What does the underlined word "loose" mean in the first paragraph?

A．肥沃的

B．贫瘠的

C．疏松的

D．大量的

3. The second paragraph tells us ______________.

A．why sandstorms happen in northern China

B．the dangers of sandstorms

C．sandstorms aren’t terrible at all

D．how sandstorms happen

4. Which of the following is NOT a way to stop sandstorms?

A．Plant more trees in spring.

B．Stop people to cut down too many trees.

C．Don’t stay outside when sandstorms happen.

D．Tell people about the dangers of sandstorms.

5. Which is the best title for this passage?___________

A．Sandstorms

B．How we can stop sandstorms

C．Why sandstorms only happen in northern China

D．Sandstorms can influence most of China

8 . 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。

Why so many fires?

California is burning! Wildfires have spread across the US State since Oct 23 and smoke has filled its skies.

Take the Kincade Fire in northern California for example. It forced ( 迫 使 ) 200,000 people to e    1    its path within one   week. The state’s largest power (电力) company cut power to about 206,000 homes in order to s    2     more fires from breaking out, CBS News reported.

California has seen many wildfires in recent years. Nine of the 10 biggest fires have happened since 2000, i    3    five since 2010, according to The New York Times.

Why is this? California has the perfect wildfire   c    4    , Park Williams,   a   US climate expert (气候专家), told The New York Times. It has dry air and high temperatures from spring through late fall. At the same time, seasonal winds blow across the state every year, causing the wildfires to spread q    5    and last for weeks.

Global warming has also made the fires worse in recent years. It has dried out the state’s trees and o    6     plant life, causing them to burn more easily.

H     7    have played a role as well. Burning campfires, garbage debris ( 碎 片 ),and cigarette butts (烟头) can easily cause wildfires. For example, one fire started last year when a car got a flat tire (漏气的轮胎). The car’s body met the road and sent out sparks (火花 ), starting a f    8    .

Lightning strikes (雷击) and volcanic eruptions (火山爆发) can also cause wildfires. However, people have caused 90 percent of California’s wildfires, according to the US National Park Service.

More about wildfires

Wildfires often happen in wooded areas in the US, Canada and Australia. They are also k     9     as forest fires or grass fires in Australia.

Wildfires can burn at over 900℃ and reach heights of more than 50 meters. They can move at speeds of up to 23 kilometers an hour, burning e    10     – trees, brush, homes, even people – in their path.

10 . Earthquakes are hard to predict (预言). But do you know what to do before, during and after an earthquake? Here’s some advice:

Before an earthquake It’s necessary to prepare yourself and your family. All family members should know how to turn off gas, water and electricity and know useful telephone numbers (doctor, hospital, police, 119, etc.). Never put heavy things over beds.

During an earthquake It’s important for each of you to stay calm. If you are indoors, quickly move to a safe place in the room such as under a strong table. The purpose is to protect yourself from objects (物体), stay away from windows, large mirrors, heavy furniture and so on. If you’re cooking, turn off the gas. If you’re outdoors, move to an open area like a playground. Move away from buildings, bridge and trees. If you are driving, stop the car as soon as possible, staying away from bridges and tall buildings. Stay in your car.

After an earthquake Once the shaking has stopped, DO NOT run out of the building at once. It’s better to wait and leave when it’s safe. Check around you and help the people who are in trouble. If your building is badly broken, leave it. If you smell the gas, get everyone outside and open windows and doors. If you can do it safely, turn off the gas. Report it to the gas company.

1. Which of the following is mentioned in the second paragraph?

A．People should know how to turn on gas.

B．People should know how to save water.

C．People shouldn’t put heavy boxes on the beds.

D．People shouldn’t forget some useful phone numbers.

2. When an earthquake happens, ________ can help you a lot.

A．standing there	B．staying calm
C．looking outside	D．moving indoors

3. During an earthquake, if you are driving in an open area, you should ________.

A．slow down your car

B．stop your car and stay in it

C．stop your car and run out to tall buildings

D．drive your car to the bridge as soon as possible

4. When the earth stops shaking, you should ________.

A．check around you and help those in trouble first

B．open the windows and doors and let people out at once

C．report the earthquake to your company

D．run out of the building at once

5. You can learn ________ after reading the passage.

A．what an earthquake is like	B．how an earthquake happens
C．how to protect yourself in an earthquake	D．what to do to avoid an earthquake