1 . 通读以下短文，掌握其大意，然后从四个选项中选出最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应的选项字母涂黑。

On 29 July, 2023, the train K1178 left Yichuan, Ningxia. It was going to Beijing with 841 passengers and 30 crew members (乘务组). According to the timetable, it should ________ Beijing, its final station, around lunchtime the next day. ________, the train had to stop at Yanhecheng Station at 12: 58 p. m. on 30 July because of the floods (洪水) in Mentougou District. The station is on ________ ground and safe from floods, so the crew members decided to keep passengers on the train until water went ________.

“When passengers woke up the next morning, they became quite ________ after seeing the train was still at the station. We crew members explained to and comfort (安慰) them ________,” said Ni Peng, a crew member. “Li Guoqiang, our cook, tried his best to cook food for the ________.”

For 72 hours, the crew members were by the passengers’ side. On 2 ________, the line to Zhangjiakou, Hebei, reopened for service. The passengers took a different ________ and arrived at Zhangjiakou on the afternoon of that day. They either left with their families or took another train to Beijing.

The passengers thanked the crew members for helping them get through the ________ time on the train. They spoke highly of the crew members.

1.

A．leave

B．arrive in

C．start from

D．pass

2.

A．Luckily

B．Happily

C．However

D．Usually

3.

A．lower

B．bigger

C．smaller

D．higher

4.

A．down

B．up

C．inside

D．in

5.

A．happy

B．worried

C．comfortable

D．busy

6.

A．one by one

B．arm in arm

C．hand in hand

D．month by month

7.

A．crew members

B．villagers

C．passengers

D．drivers

8.

A．June

B．July

C．August

D．September

9.

A．bus

B．car

C．plane

D．train

10.

A．happy

B．good

C．easy

D．difficult

4 . 阅读下面短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有一个多余选项。

In this April, some people reported they felt the shake of earthquake. Earthquakes happen suddenly, without warning.     1     Around the world, 70 to 75 damaging earthquakes take place each year. Ground shaking from earthquakes can destroy buildings and bridges. When an earthquake happens in a big city, it may cause many deaths and injuries (受伤). It’s necessary for everybody to know how to be prepared for earthquakes.

Everyone in your home should know what to do if an earthquake happens.     2     After discussion, you can help your family learn to react correctly by practicing. Practice drop, cover and hold-on in each safe place.

During an earthquake, most deaths and injuries are caused by falling heavy objects. You need to pick a safe place in each room of your home.     3     The kitchen is a dangerous place.

Remember to fix things that might fall from above during an earthquake. Falling things, like televisions and books, can cause damage or injury. Move large and heavy things to lower shelves. Hang heavy items, such as mirrors, away from beds and sofas.

If you are outdoors, find a place away from buildings, trees and streetlights. If you are in an elevator (电梯), hit the button for every floor.     4    

A．Get out as soon as you can.

B．Discuss earthquakes with your family.

C．They can happen at any time of the year.

D．Build a safe room for your family to use.

E．A safe place could be under a strong table.

5 . 阅读短文及文后A~E 选项，选出可以填入各题空白处的最佳选项。

In recent years, one in ten U.S. homes have been damaged or destroyed by weather-related disasters, from flooding to wildfires.

Gary’s house in Paradise, California was one of them. The 2018 Camp Fire burned through the town. It destroyed more than 18,000 homes. All you saw was a fireplace and people suffered a lot. Luckily, people didn’t lose heart.     1    

To build his new house, Gary began to learn about fire-resistant (防火) designs. For a period of time he watched videos and studied stronger materials for his walls and windows.     2     He also did research on buildings to make sure the newly-built house would be safe. “It’s been difficult, but it has been worth doing it.” Gary says.

Experts are trying to learn from the disaster. After the Camp Fire, researchers searched through the ruins of the buildings in Paradise. They wanted to understand why some buildings survived.     3     They recreated similar conditions, testing different kinds of building materials and designs to see what survived.

    4     Stronger and safer house designs have been greatly improved in recent years. That information is helping people protect their homes from the unexpected climate future. In many coastal cities, homes have been raised up on stilts (高脚架) to protect themselves from floods and huge waves.

Just as one expert says, “    5    ”

A．Some researchers did experiments.

B．We can’t stop disasters like typhoon, but we can reduce the harm they bring.

C．They tried hard for the rebuilding after the fire instead.

D．He had chats with fire officials from time to time.

E．With experts’ great efforts, there is good news.

6 . 补全短文。根据短文内容，从短文后的A～F选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文。

Last summer was very hot everywhere because of climate (气候) changes. Summer started at the end of June in places above the equator.     1     June 2023 was the hottest month we’ve ever had in history. People in Europe, Africa, and Asia all felt the extreme (极端的) heat.

Some African countries even saw temperatures above 45℃.     2     Last summer, the highest temperature in the capital Beijing was over 40℃, and Xinjiang even set a new record of 52℃.

    3     Scientists believe that very hot temperatures are among the worst natural disasters (灾害). A study found that more than 61,000 people in Europe died because of the heat last summer.

The land is not the only place influenced by the heat.     4     The water temperature along Florida’s south coast once reached above 32℃, which can be very harmful to sea life.

But high temperatures aren’t the only example of extreme weather.     5     In America, there was a record amount of rainfall last year, and it caused terrible floods (洪水). India was also influenced by dangerous floods.

Scientists say the extreme weather is not an “accident” but is largely caused directly or indirectly by human activity. Therefore, humans should take action to fight climate change.

A．China also faced high temperatures.

B．Soon after that, temperatures broke records.

C．Heavy rain is also a danger to people’s lives.

D．Oceans are warming because of high temperatures.

E．The hot weather is not just uncomfortable, but also harmful.

F．Even if you are not working outdoors, be careful in extreme weather.

8 . My friend helped me celebrate my 31st birthday in a basement (地下室), where I lived. Then, I finally climbed into bed at 1:20 in the morning.

Earlier in the day, I was preparing for the possible flood. We were living near the Ahr River. It went on raining heavily that week and the government sent out a flood warning, although it was not for where I was. However, I put sand bags on the floor outside my garden door. “Silly brother!” My friends laughed at me for doing that. But I thought, why take a chance?

As I was sleeping, I was woken by the sound of rushing water. It sounded like lying beside a waterfall. When I got off the bed, I was shocked that cold water was rising fast. In darkness, I picked up my cellphone and turned on the flashlight. When I got out of the bedroom, I saw water shooting through the bottom of the door.

I began to feel afraid. I knew I had to get out-fast! Without shoes, I started to make my way to the only escape: the door that led upstairs to the main floor. Finally I made it to the door and tried several times to pull it open even just a little bit, but the rushing water shut it again. I looked around for anything I could use to keep it open. There was a stick in the corner. I took it and, once again, opened the door, throwing it between the door and the frame (门框) to keep the door open. Finally, I managed to go through and make it into the living room.

I jumped onto the stairs and ran outside. I stood there in the darkness, wet through. The street was once lovely full of people and cars, but now it was like a water pool with floating things. The river had drowned the neighbourhood!

I couldn’t help thinking: What would happen if I hadn’t done any preparations? I might have lost my life! Never take a chance and always be prepared!

1. Why did the writer’s friends laugh at him?

A．Because he lived in a basement.	B．Because he prepared for the flood.
C．Because he was afraid of the heavy rain.	D．Because he was warned by the government.

2. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4?

A．The door.

B．The corner.

C．The stick.

D．The frame.

3. Which shows the correct steps of how the author saved himself?
a. I got to the door but failed to open it.
b. I found the street was like a water pool.
c. I learned about the government’s warning.
d. I woke up and found there was a flood.
e. I managed to go to the living room with a stick.

A．d-c-b-a-e

B．d-c-e-b-a

C．c-d-a-b-e

D．c-d-a-e-b

4. What can we infer from the 5th paragraph?

A．The sun came out after the flood.	B．The writer felt sad and shocked.
C．Nobody was alive except the writer.	D．People and cars were floating in a water pool.