1 . Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second-smallest planet in the Solar System after Mercury. Mars carries a name of the Roman God of War, and is often mentioned as the “Red planet” because of its reddish (微红的) look. We can see it easily from Earth with our eyes.
Many pictures taken by our telescopes (天文望远镜) or spaceships show that there might be water on the surface of Mars long ago. This finding is very exciting. Because on Earth, almost everywhere there is water, there is life. That makes people think that “something” smart, or Martians, lived on the planet. So Mars has caught a lot of our imagination.
These ideas led to more stories, books, movies, and television shows than any other planet. The most famous one was the 1938 radio drama The War of the Worlds. It sounded so real that many listeners were afraid that Martians would come to Earth and take our home one day.
Television picked up on the idea of human-like Martians with the 1966 series My Favorite Martian. Other stories that took place on Mars were turned into movies such as the 1990 Total Recall and its remake in 2012. Different from the 1990 one, the 2012 Total Recall showed Mars became a planet just like the earth but the people on it lived a hard life because it got less air.
The most successful one was the 2014 novel that became the movie in 2015 of The Martian about a scientist that is left on Mars. The movie showed a complete picture of the life on Mars and got great success.
The more we know about Mars, the more stories will follow.
1. Which statement is TRUE about Mars according to the text?| A．Its name comes from Roman God of War. |
| B．There was water and life on it long ago. |
| C．We can’t see it without using any tool. |
| D．It is smaller than the planet Mercury. |
| A．its reddish look | B．its place in Solar System |
| C．the pictures taken by spaceships | D．the idea that there may be life on it |
| A．It was a TV programme. | B．It was about Martians on Earth. |
| C．It was the same as the 1990 one. | D．It showed people’s hard life on Mars. |
| A．The War of the Worlds. | B．The Martian. | C．the 1990 Total Recall. | D．My Favorite Martian. |
| A．The movies about Mars. |
| B．The new findings of Mars. |
| C．The information about Mars leads people to create stories. |
| D．The Mars is used as a background in many stories, books, movies and television. |
The moon is
Have you ever heard of the satellite (卫星) called Early Bird, which was built by a group of scientists
3 . There must be something interesting. People around the world felt excited on the night of April 10, 2019. For the first time in history, people saw a photo of a black hole. The photo became popular immediately(立刻). But do you know it has something to do with a computer scientist Katie Bouman? Without her, there wouldn’t be this photo. Black holes are very far from us, so it is very difficult to take photos of them. It’s like taking a photo of an orange that is on the moon. Many scientists have tried it. However, none of them succeeded. These failures didn’t stop Bouman from trying. Several years ago, she started working on a special computer program. During the past years, she has improved the program many times. Finally, it turned telescope data(望远镜数据) into a photo of a black hole.
Bouman has received lots of praise(赞扬) because of her work. However, the young woman is modest. She said success mainly depended on her team. “None of us could do it alone,” she said. Would you like to make history as Bouman did? Set a goal for yourself and work hard at it. Maybe you will make it come true in the future.
1. When people saw a photo of a black hole for the first time, they felt very ________.| A．sad | B．excited | C．surprised | D．calm |
| A．it is too big for us | B．it is too far from us |
| C．it is too dark to see | D．it is as small as an orange |
| A．自豪的 | B．害羞的 | C．谦虚的 | D．开朗的 |
| A．Black holes are far from us. |
| B．Bouman improved the special computer program many times. |
| C．Bouman’s success mainly depended on herself. |
| D．Many scientists have tried to take photos of black holes but failed. |
| A．A Surprising Photo |
| B．A Great Photo of a Black Hole |
| C．A Dream about Bouman |
| D．A Photo of a Black Hole and Katie Bouman |
Looking into space  Looking into space is something people do all the time. On a clear night, we are able to see some bright objects (物体) in the sky. These objects are in space. Things in space look very small to us, because they are very far away from us. But most of them are very large. What is space? Outside our world, there are many other objects. Some are colorful and big. Others are far away. But all of them are moving. In between, there are large empty gaps (缝隙). We call them space. We also use the word “space” to call everything outside our world. Our nearest (最近的) neighbor The moon is our nearest neighbor. It is between the sun and the earth. After the sun goes down, the moon is the brightest (最明亮的) thing in the sky. It looks quite big in our sky, but it is much smaller than the sun. Now, if we want to go into space, we can take a spaceship. |
2. Why do things in space look very small to us?
3. Which word do we use to call everything outside our world?
4. Where is the moon?
5. How can we go into space?
B. 书面表达
6. 请根据要求完成短文写作，请将作文写在答题卡指定的位置。
刘洋，中国首位女航天员（woman astronaut），于2022年6月5日和陈冬、蔡旭哲执行神舟十四号载人飞行任务，请你根据下面的提示，写一篇英语短文，向人们介绍一下刘洋。
姓名 | 刘洋 |
|
出生地 | 河南省郑州市 | |
出生年月 | 1978年10月 | |
擅长 | 英语 | |
爱好 | 阅读 | |
主要经历 | 1. 十九岁成为一名飞行员； 2. 2010年，成为中国第一位女航天员,并且开始努力训练； 3. 2012年，与两位男航天员一起进入太空； 4. 2022年6月5日，乘搭神舟十四号再次进入太空。 | |
| 你将来的打算 | （自拟） | |
(2) 语句连贯，词数80个左右。
参考词汇：飞行员 pilot；训练 train；进入太空 go into space；爱好 hobby；神舟十四号the Shenzhou-14 Crewed Spaceship
China’s First Woman Astronaut
5 . The idea of life in outer space has been talked about for a long time. Some scientists say that life development on Earth was far too unlikely for it to have happened anywhere else. Things had to be perfect for us to make it on this planet.
Other scientists say that space is too big. Stars and other planets are far too numerous for there to be no other life in the universe.
For many years, there have been reports of visitors from other planets. People all around the world have claimed to see alien spaceships or even aliens themselves.
There have been glimpses of these so-called UFOs (unidentified flying objects) flying through the air and they have even ben captured on video. Some Americans believe that the U.S. Army found an alien spaceship crashed in the desert and then lied to the press about it. Although these sightings may be true, scientists have not found significant evidence that aliens exist.
If you go out into the countryside on a clear night and look up, you can see thousands of stars. Those stars make up a tiny part of our universe. There are more stars, planets, and galaxies than we can count. Even the smartest scientists can’t even come close to defining how big space is. The number of possible stars and planets out there is bigger than our ability to count. If we are really on the only planet that can sustain life, then we are very special in a universe full of amazing things.
1. What have some people claimed about aliens?| A．Aliens often appear in dreams. | B．They have encountered aliens. |
| C．Aliens are extremely dangerous. | D．Aliens are always kidnapping people. |
| A．To give an example of people who do not believe in science. |
| B．To explain why scientists are not interested in studying aliens. |
| C．To raise the issue of whether or not we are alone in the universe. |
| D．To inform people that a spaceship crashed in the American desert. |
| A．It’s not possible yet. | B．It’s already been done. |
| C．Aliens can be found in the USA. | D．Scientists already know the truth. |
| A．Visitors from Faraway Planets | B．The Life and Times of an Alien Life |
| C．The Mysterious Crash Landing in America | D．The Possibility of Life on Other Worlds |
| A．Narration. | B．Exposition. | C．Argumentation. | D．Description |
Jack: Hi, Mom! We learned about light in physics classes. It travels very fast.
Mom:
Jack: Oh. It travels at a speed of 300,000 kilometers per second. The light from the sun reaches us in less than 9 minutes.
Mom: Is the light from the sun the nearest to the earth?
Jack:
Mom:
Jack: It takes tens of billions of years for light from the farthest star to reach the earth.
Mom: Oh!
Jack: Thank you, Mom!
Mom: I believe you, my son!
| A．How long does it take for light from the farthest star to reach the earth? |
| B．How clever you are! |
| C．How far is it from the earth to the farthest star? |
| D．Do you know how fast it travels? |
| E．I will try my best. |
| F．Yes, it is. |
9 . Scientists always want to know more about the universe（宇宙）.
Years ago they knew many things about the moon. They knew how big it was and how far away it was from the earth. But they wanted to know more about it. They thought the best way was to send men to the moon.
The moon is about 384,000 kilometers away from the earth. A plane cannot fly to the moon because the air reaches only 240 kilometers away from the earth. But something can fly even when there is no air. That is a rocket.
How does a rocket fly? There is gas in the rocket. When the gas is made very hot inside the rocket, it will rush out of the end of the rocket, so it can make the rocket fly up into the sky.
Rockets can fly far out into space. They send spacecrafts to the moon. Spacecrafts with men in them have been to the moon. Several spacecrafts without men in them have flown to another planet much farther away from the moon. One day men may be able to go to any places in space.
1. Scientists have known _______ the moon is.| A．how long | B．how heavy | C．how soon | D．how far |
| A．by rocket | B．by plane | C．by satellite | D．by ship |
| A．there is no air in the plane so people can’t breathe |
| B．there is no air above 240 kilometers away from the earth |
| C．there is no gas in the plane so it can’t fly that far |
| D．the moon is too far away from the earth |
| A．keeping the man in the rocket warm | B．cooking food |
| C．making the rocket fly up | D．making the rocket lighter |
| A．The writer is not interested in getting to any place in space. |
| B．The writer thinks it is possible for rockets to go to any place in space. |
| C．The writer doesn’t believe it is possible to go to any place in space. |
| D．The writer thinks rockets can take men to go to the moon one day. |
1. The writer thinks ________ people would like to go to Mars by spaceship.
| A．no | B．a few | C．most |
| A．life | B．water | C．nothing |
| A．far away from | B．close to | C．behind |
| A．air | B．food | C．water |
| A．the earth | B．the moon | C．Mars |
