1 . ①This Dec 5 is the 10th anniversary (周年纪念日) of the death of Nelson Mandela, the former president of South Africa. He put an end to the racial segregation system (种族隔离制度) in the nation and set people of color there free. You may know about his achievements. But do you know about the Mandela Effect?

②The Mandela Effect describes a situation where many people have the same wrong memory. The name of the idea dates back to 2010 when many people on the internet wrongly remembered that Nelson Mandela died in the 1980s. But in fact, Mandela was freed in 1990 and passed away in 2013. US researcher Fiona Broome then created the term Mandela Effect according to this situation.

③There are many other examples of the Mandela Effect. In 2022 in China, there was a heated discussion online about the sentence by Mencius:“Thus when Heaven is about to confer a great office on any man…” (“故天将降大任于斯/是人也”). Most people remembered it was “si”, while others believed it was “shi”. Later, People’s Education Press ended the discussion by saying that all its textbooks say shi. What do you remember it as?

④Scientists have looked into the reasons for the Mandela Effect. For example, your mind may try to make up missing details in your memory to make more sense of it, which is called confabulation (虚构症). However, this is not lying, but rather remembering details that never happened.

⑤The internet may be another reason for the Mandela Effect, as the news we read can be wrong from the beginning. In 2018, a study of over 100,000 news stories showed that wrong news can spread faster and reach more people than the truth. As a powerful way to spread information, the internet might be the main reason for wrong information to enter our minds these days.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1. How does the writer lead into the topic “The Mandela Effect” in Paragraph 1?

A．By asking a question.	B．By telling a joke.
C．By using an old saying.	D．Byi making a survey.

2. What is the Mandela Effect?

A．It’s a situation where many people remember something wrong.

B．It’s a situation where people hide the truth by telling lies.

C．It’s a situation where we forget something completely.

D．It’s about the different memories of different people on one thing.

3. What’s the truth in the case of “si” and “shi”?

A．“Shi” and “si” are both correct.

B．“Shi” is the correct one.

C．“Si” was wrongly used for a short period.

D．“Si” is recorded in ancient books.

4. Which of the following may be the reasons for “The Mandela Effect”?
①Our brain may make things up for better understanding something.
②We are lying to ourselves by giving us wrong memories.
③The information we get from the Internet can be wrong from the beginning.
④We can’t remember the details of something.

A．①②

B．①③

C．②③

D．③④

5. What’s the structure of the story?

A．

B．

C．

D．

2 . 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、 意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。

letter     happy     that     include     relative     would     from     only     follow     think

Do you know World Letter Writing Day? It falls on September 1st every year. It was set up by Richard Simpkin in 2014. He encouraged people to take a break     1     today’s social media (媒体) and write a letter to someone by hand.

Who should you write to? Think about a friend or     2     that lives far away. A parent or best friend     3     also love to receive your letter.

How do you write a letter? Generally speaking, a letter     4     these parts. The date and a greeting such as “Dear... ,” should be at the top of the letter. A closing such as “Love” or “Yours truly” needs to     5     the body. End it by signing it.

Why should you pick up a pen and write a letter? It is a surprise     6     may make someone’s day. It’s a good way to show people that you are     7     of them. Some people save     8     and look at them over the years.

A recent study shows that letter writing brings the writer     9    , too. “Handwriting is your DNA. It’s your fingerprint that     10     you can share with others.” said Richard Simpkin. So get some paper and pick up a pen. Start writing a letter today!

4 . How can you understand others without speaking? Why do you feel good when your teacher gives you a smile?     1     People say things not just with words, but also with facial expressions (面部表情). What are some common facial expressions? Why are they important for communication? Read on to find out more.

Facial expressions are one or more movements on a person’s face. Scientists say that people have 80 face muscles (肌肉).     2     There are six kinds of facial expressions.     3     For example, when people think a certain food tastes terrible, they usually make a funny face. When people are surprised, they often raise their eyebrows (眉毛) and open their eyes wide.

    4     If people can read facial expressions right, they may be better at knowing other people’s feelings. That can help people make more friends.

    5     For example, it is not a good idea to look at others for a long time. They may think you are not friendly.

根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。.

A．However, sometimes people have to be careful when reading others’ faces.

B．These muscles can make 7, 000 different facial expressions.

C．They are happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, fear and disgust (厌恶) .

D．The answer is simple.

E．Facial expressions are important for communicating.

7 . Personal information is like the keys to your house. Giving these keys to the wrong people can be like allowing a stranger to get into your house, and you may not even know it. If someone has your personal information, they could pretend (假装) to be you, find out where you live, or even use your personal information to buy things.

Your personal information may include: full name date of birth address phone number email address usernames and passwords for online accounts or email accounts parent or carer’s bank card which school you go to photos that show where you live or your school uniform

Tips on keeping personal information safe: ▶Avoid using your full name online—choose a screen name that does not include your real first or last name or use a nickname (昵称) instead. ▶Don’t lie about your age — you have to be at least 14 years old to use many social media apps. This is because some of them may not be safe for kids. ▶Only make friends with people you kno —if you receive a friend request (申请) from someone you don’t know, it is best to delete (删除) their request. ▶Don’t fill in all the fields on forms—if you sign up (注册) for something online, like a competition or quiz, only fill out the fields that are marked with “*”, which means that it is a required field.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1. What does the writer think of personal information?

A．It is important.

B．It is meaningful.

C．It is interesting.

D．It is useless.

2. Which of the following is dangerous to let a stranger know?

A．Dream.

B．Birthday.

C．Nickname.

D．Shoe size.

3. What might be the safest screen name for Li Hua?

A．lixiaohua

B．huahua

C．haohaoxuex

D．lihua123

4. Why is there an age requirement for using social media apps?

A．Because kids might not know how to use apps.

B．Because not all of the apps are suitable for kids.

C．Because kids may follow people they don’t know.

D．Because it is difficult for kids to fill in forms correctly.

5. What is the passage mainly about?

A．How to buy things online.	B．How to tell the bad people in life.
C．How to make full use of the Internet.	D．How to protect personal information.

8 .

It is said that people now love keeping flat-faced (扁脸的) dogs like French bulldogs as pets, because they are so cute. Some people call these dogs “lazy” because they get sleepy more easily than other dogs during the day. However, according to a recent study, these cute dogs are having a hard time.

Scientists watched 92 family dogs of different kinds while they were sleeping. During the study, the dogs spent about three hours with their owners in the sleep lab. With nothing special to do, the dogs soon fell asleep. At that time, the scientists recorded the dogs’ brain activities with an EEG (脑电图).

The study found that the flat-faced dogs slept more than the other kinds. This is because they don’t get enough sleep at night. Scientists explained that, because of their special head structure, these flat-faced dogs usually have sleep apnea (睡眠呼吸暂停症). During their sleep, they can’t get enough air and may find it difficult to breathe, which makes them repeatedly wake up.

Some French bulldogs may sleep while holding a toy ball in their mouths. Owners may think this is funny. But they’re actually doing it to keep their airways (呼吸道) open so they can breathe more easily.

This, however, is only one of the health problems dogs have because of breeding (培育). According to the website Pet Helpful, a lot of pet dogs are bred based on what people like, such as shorter legs, heavier bodies and larger ears. There is no doubt that bulldog is a victim of it.

Lots of pet lovers are calling for people to respect animals as they are. Breeders must take the health of pets seriously instead of just for cuteness. After all, we are not supposed to build our fun on others’ suffering.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1. How does the writer start the passage in Paragraph 1?

A．By listing some facts.	B．By telling a joke.
C．By asking a question.	D．By making a survey.

2. What do we know about the study?

A．It studied 92 French bulldogs.	B．Dogs couldn’t fall asleep in the lab.
C．Dogs were put into the lab all alone.	D．It recorded dogs’ brain activities with an EEG.

3. Why do some French bulldogs hold a ball in their mouth during sleep?

A．Because it’s funny to do so.	B．Because the ball tastes delicious.
C．Because the ball can help them breathe.	D．Because their owners tell them to do that.

4. What does the underlined word “victim” mean in the text?

A．Someone who looks very cute.

B．Someone who works in science.

C．Someone who uses their power to hurt others.

D．Someone who is hurt because some bad things happen.

5. What does the writer probably want to tell us?

A．People are choosing pets in a healthy way.

B．People should put health first when breeding pets.

C．We should stop breeding more cute kinds of dogs.

D．Only flat-faced dogs face health problems because of breeding.

9 .

1. What does sugar do to our body according to the text?
a. Getting fat.       b. Having bad teeth.     c. Sleeping less well.     d. Making us younger.

A．a, b, c

B．a, b, d

C．a, c, d

D．b, c, d

2. What can we learn about sugar from the text?

A．There are 4 g of sugar in 66 g of ice cream.

B．330 ml of cola has less sugar than three ice creams.

C．A woman can eat as much sugar a day as a man can.

D．We need more sugar when we are young.

3. What does “Sugar that is hidden in foods and drinks” mean?

A．Sugar can hurt our body.

B．Foods and drinks with sugar are popular with children.

C．We often have more sugar than we can without knowing it.

D．We should have enough sugar to make foods and drinks taste good.

4. What is the main purpose of the text??

A．To make us laugh.	B．To try to teach us skills.
C．To ask us not to waste sugar.	D．To advise us to eat healthily.

5. In which part of a magazine can you read the text?

A．Nature.

B．Travel.

C．Health.

D．Education.

10 . If you’ve ever thought that dogs seem to know when people are stressed (有压力的), you were right. Scientists did a study which showed that dogs can tell the difference between the smell of a person when they’re relaxed and when they’re stressed.

All day long, our bodies go through changes and produce different chemicals (化学物质). These chemicals come out in our breath and sweat (汗液), changing the way we smell. But it wasn’t known if stress could cause changes that could be discovered.

So the researchers collected breath and sweat samples (样本) from 36 different people. They got samples when the people were relaxed, and also when they were stressed. To stress people out, the scientists asked a really difficult math problem, and forced people to do it in their heads quickly. And they weren’t nice about it. They kept telling them to hurry up. That lasted three minutes. Then the researchers collected two more sweat and breath samples.

The scientists used one of the stressed samples, along with two clean pieces of cloth, to train the dogs to find the stressed smell. Then came the challenge (挑战) —the dogs had three choices: a sample from a relaxed person, a stressed sample from that same person, and a clean piece of cloth. In all, the dogs did 720 tests. They correctly identified the stressed sample about 94% of the time.

The results make it clear that stress does have a smell that dogs can find. Scientists say the news could be especially useful in training service dogs, since their job is to help people who have stress.

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1. Why did the scientists use samples of breath and sweat to test the dogs?

A．Because they make our bodies smell different.	B．Because our bodies become stronger day by day.
C．Because stress could be changed by sweat and breath.	D．Because our bodies produce different sweat every day.

2. How does the writer develop the third paragraph?

A．By comparing facts.

B．By giving examples.

C．By describing the steps.

D．By showing the findings.

3. What was the challenge for the dog?

A．Hundreds of tests.	B．A clean piece of cloth.
C．The sample from different persons.	D．The sample from the same person.

4. What does the underlined word “identified” mean in the text?

A．提供

B．交换

C．阻止

D．识别

5. What is the structure of the passage? (P=Paragraph)

A．

B．

C．

D．