1 . Rome was founded in 753 BC by its first king, Romulus. It grew into a rich and powerful (强大的) city during the next few hundred years.
Roman legend (传说) says that Romulus has a twin (双胞胎) brother. As babies, they were thrown in the area which later became Rome. A she-wolf, a kind of wild animal living in the forest, found and raised them. When Romulus grew up, he became the first ruler of Rome!
By 117 AD, the Roman Empire (帝国) included the whole of Italy, all the lands in the Mediterranean and much of Europe, including England, Wales and parts of Scotland. Thanks to their strong army, the Romans built such a huge empire and conquered (征服) new lands.
However, the Romans didn’t spend all the time fighting—they were amazing engineers, too! They built roads and walls—things without which we can’t live now. What’s more, they were so smart that they even built channels (水道) and bridges to carry water to public baths and toilets in order to bring water to their cities!
The Romans liked to enjoy their food, often lying down on a couch while eating with their hands. They sometimes used a spoon, but they would never use a knife and fork.
1. When was Rome founded?A.In 753 BC. | B.In 117 AD. | C.In 753 AD. |
A.妇人 | B.女王 | C.母狼 |
A.Rome had conquered new lands. |
B.Romulus was a very strong king. |
C.There was a great army in Rome. |
A.They spent all the time fighting. |
B.They built roads and walls that we have used until now. |
C.They lay down and enjoyed the food with a knife and fork. |
The Silk Road is the name of different roads that long ago connected Europe, Africa and Asia. People
Businessmen travelling along the Silk Road carried silk, of course. They also carried cloth, valuable
It is said that Roman soldiers travelled through central Asia. They started to live somewhere near the
During the busiest
In modern times, the old Silk Road routes(路线)are still used, but now they are crossed by trains, not camels or horses. There is even a Silk Route
3 . The name of every British town and city has a long history.
Two thousand years ago, most people living in Britain were Celts (凯尔特人). Even the word “Britain” is Celtic. Then the Romans arrived and built camps. These camps became cities called “castra”. This is why there are so many place names in England that end in “-chester” or “-caster”. Manchester is one example.
After the Romans left Britain, it was attacked by Anglo-Saxon people and became its new owners. These people were from the area that is now Germany and the Netherlands (荷兰). The names of their villages often ended in “-ham” or “-ton”. Some got their names from the leaders of the villages, so Birmingham, for example, means “Beormund’s village”.
Twelve hundred years ago, Vikings (维京人) came to England. They traded with the Anglo-Saxons but lived in their own villages. These often ended in “-by” or “-thorpe”. The name “Kirkby” means “a village with a church (教堂)” and Scunthorpe was the village of a man called Skuma. Finally, in 1066, England became Norman (诺曼人的)—the Normans gave us the place name “grange”, which means “farm”.
And how about London? Experts cannot agree! The Romans called the city Londinium, but they were not the first people there. People once believed that the United Kingdom’s capital city was named for the castle (城堡) of a king called Lud, but this is almost impossible. Our best guess today is that the name comes from a Celtic word meaning “a fast-flowing river”.
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。1. Why are there so many place names in England that end in “-chester” or “-caster”?
A.Because some place names were from the leaders of the villages. |
B.Because camps built by Romans later became cities called “castra”. |
C.Because there were many farmers in these places. |
D.Because people in these places traded with the Anglo-Saxons. |
A.practiced | B.hit. | C.explained | D.reported |
①Vikings came to England and trade with the Anglo-Saxons.
②The Romans arrived in Britain and built camps.
③England became Norman and was named “grange”, which means farm.
④The Anglo-Saxons attacked Britain.
A.①④②③ | B.②③①④ | C.①②④③ | D.②④①③ |
A.It was named for the castle of a king called Lud. | B.It was from a village of a man named Skuma. |
C.It came from a Celtic word meaning fast-flowing river. | D.It was called Londinium by the Romans. |
A.Different kinds of people in Britan. | B.Different lives of people in Britain. |
C.Different histories of place names in Britain. | D.Different names of people in Britain. |
bring as they Chinese go hundred across is easy about |
Long ago, traders (商人)
The Silk Road
5 . The first castles were built in Europe around the 9th century. These castles were very strong buildings where a king or prince could live safely with his army around him. Such castles let the king or prince watch out for attacks and keep out the people he did not like. The castles also let the king or prince watch the people who lived around the castle.
There were not many castles in Europe around 900 AD, but around 1000 AD things changed. Suddenly, many people were building castles because there was an increase in the fighting in Europe during this time. In 1066, William the Conqueror ordered that many castles must be built in England because he was trying to control the people of England. But William was not alone. Because there were many kings and princes fighting in Europe, many more castles were built. These castles were built to be very strong, so some of them can still be seen today.
The first castles used a simple design. A tower was put on top of a lot of earth. All this earth was put under the tower to make it very tall. Moving all this earth made a huge hole all around the tower. Often, this large hole was filled with water. Stone or wood bridges were used to go across this water to get into the tower. A wall was built around the open area near the tower. The family of the king or prince and some of the people who served him lived within this area so that they would be safe. The first castles were made largely of wood in the beginning, but stone became more popular over time. This was because wood catches fire and burns easily. Stone was a better choice for castles.
1. The first castles were built in Europe so that a king or prince ______.A.stopped their enemies attacking |
B.kept out the animals he did not like |
C.watched the people who lived far away from the castle |
D.lived a rich and happy life with his family around him |
A.William the Conqueror let people do it |
B.there were more fights during that time |
C.more people wanted to control England |
D.many kings tried to make them stronger |
A.Stone. | B.Earth. | C.Wood. | D.Water. |
A.To introduce the fights in Europe. | B.To introduce the castles in Europe. |
C.To describe kings’ or princes’ lives. | D.To describe William the Conqueror. |
popular for when role price share beauty matter know language |
Silk is a thin and pretty fiber (纤维制品). Thousands of years ago in ancient China, people began making silk fiber into a soft fabric (织物). It was very
Silk in China was not a secret.
Silk business always encouraged businessmen to search
The Silk Road played an important
7 . The distance between ancient Rome and ancient China was about 4,000 miles by land. It was a very dangerous trip because here were terrible deserts and high mountains on the way.
For a very long history, the ancient Romans did not know who was making this wonderful cloth called silk. The Romans first discovered pieces of silk in the goods they took from some of dead people they had conquered (征服). But those people did not know where the silk was made. They only traded for the silk.
The Romans tried to find more traders as they came into villages to trade silk for other goods. But the traders did not know who made the silk, either. In fact, the trading along the Silk Road was a relay (接力) system. One trader would travel for a while, stop and trade, and return home. The next trader would continue, stop and trade, and return home. And so it went, no trader made the whole trip because the trip was too dangerous. The Silk Road shows its trade value between ancient Rome and ancient China.
The Silk Road had a lot of value (价值). As the years went by along the Silk Road that is more valuable, there were even cities built on the oases (绿洲). It was never easy to travel by land from ancient China to ancient Rome. But it was worth it. Ancient Rome traded treasure mainly for ancient China’s silk and spices. In fact, more things traveled along the Silk Road than traders and goods. Ideas traveled along the Silk Road as well. The ideas changed the world.
1. Why was the distance between ancient Rome and ancient China a very dangerous trip according to the first paragraph?A.Because the silk distance was too far. |
B.Because the silk distance was very secret. |
C.Because the silk makers wanted to make more money. |
D.Because there were terrible deserts and high mountains on the way. |
A.Because the trip was too long. |
B.Because the trip was too dangerous. |
C.Because the traders did not know who made the silk. |
D.Because the Silk Road couldn’t show its trade value. |
A.Ancient China’s silk and spices. | B.Ancient China’s culture. |
C.Ancient China’s thoughts. | D.Ancient China’s tea. |
A.The discovery of ancient Rome. | B.The importance of the Silk Road. |
C.The history and value of the Silk Road. | D.The international trade in ancient times. |
8 . Hundreds of years ago, a Norse (挪威的) army came from the north of Europe and stepped onto the land of Scotland. The Scots, a brave people, loved their country very much. They fought hard to keep the Norsemen out of Scotland, but there were too many of them. It looked as if the Norsemen would win.
One night, the leader of Scots took his soldiers to the top of a hill. “We will rest here tonight, my men,” he said. “Tomorrow we will have another fight. We must win or we will die.”
They were all very tired, so they ate their dinner quickly and fell asleep. There were four soldiers on duty, watching out for any danger at night. But they were also very tired. One by one, they fell asleep as well.
The Norsemen were not asleep. Very soon, they came together at the foot of the hill. In order to walk quietly, the Norsemen took off their shoes. Slowly they climbed up the hillside without making any sound. Closer and closer, they moved towards the sleeping Scots. They were almost there. A few minutes more, the war would be over.
Suddenly, one of the Norse soldiers put his foot on a thistle (蓟) and got hurt. He cried out and his sudden cry woke up all the Scots. In a moment, they were on their feet and ready to fight. The fighting was hard but it did not last long. The Scots drove the Norsemen away and saved their country.
From then on, the thistle has become popular in Scotland. Although it is not beautiful and has sharp needles all over it, Scottish people still make it their national flower.
1. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 5 refer to?A.The Scots. | B.The Norsemen. | C.The thistles. | D.The dangers at night. |
a. All the Scots soldiers fell asleep.
b. The Scots saved their country.
c. A Norse soldier stepped on a thistle and cried.
d. Norse soldiers got together at the foot of the hill.
e. The Scots leader took the soldiers to the top of the hill.
A.a-e-c-b-d | B.a-e-b-c-d |
C.e-c-a-d-b | D.e-a-d-c-b |
A.Because it made people fall asleep easily. |
B.Because it looked different from other plants. |
C.Because it has many sharp needles all over it. |
D.Because it helped them win a fight against Norsemen. |
Legend has it that Rome was founded in 753 BC by its first king, Romulus. It grew into a rich and powerful city during the next few
Roman legend says that Romulus had a twin brother. As babies they
By 117 AD the Roman Empire included the whole of Italy, all the lands
The Romans liked to enjoy their food, often
One of the
10 . After the Trojan War, one of the soldiers inside the wooden horse told his story to his family.
We tried to capture Troy for ten years, but did not succeed. Then we thought of a trick.
We built a huge wooden horse and left it outside the main gates. During the night, our army disappeared, but they didn’t go far away. In the morning, the Trojans saw the horse. He was inside the horse with another five soldiers, but the Trojans did not know.
The Trojans opened the gates and pulled the horse into the city. That night, they celebrated. They song and danced, and they made jokes about us. Then they locked all the gates and went to sleep.
When they were asleep, we climbed out of the horse. We opened the main gates and our army entered the city.
Then we went to the captain’s room. We caught him.
1. Where was the wooden horse left?A.Outside the gate. | B.Far away from the city. |
C.Inside the city. | D.Near the captain’s room. |
A.5. | B.6. | C.7. | D.8. |
A.By thinking of a trick. |
B.By disappearing suddenly. |
C.By singing and dancing. |
D.By locking all the gates. |
A. | B. | C. | D. |