1 . How did people count things before the i
At first, people used their fingers, and even their toes. H
After that, they began to make small marks on sticks and bones. This helped them count bigger numbers. They used them to count things like the days of the month, the a
Then people began to use tokens made from clay or small stones. This helped them count even bigger numbers. They often put the tokens on pieces of string so that they could c
Finally, people began to develop systems of written marks to show different numbers, and this l
| important begin language long between East good beside |
The Silk Road has been a bridge
The Silk Road was very
3 . The Silk Road is the name of different roads that long ago connected Europe, Africa and Asia. People reached these different places along these roads. Scientists believe people began to travel the Silk Road about 3000 years ago. By the time the Chinese silk trade became important in the world, the Silk Road covered almost 6,500 kilometers. It spread from Rome to China, which is from the West to the Far East.
Traders traveling along the Silk Road carried silk, of course. They also carried and traded spices（香料）, cloth, valuable stones and gold.
There is a famous old story along the old road. It is said that Roman soldiers（士兵）traveled through central Asia. They started to live somewhere near the ancient Chinese villages. Some of these Romans married local Chinese women and the story of blue-eyed villages of China was started.
During its busiest period, the Silk Road allowed people from many different cultures and countries to meet each other and mix. The Silk Road allowed the sharing of valuable goods and new ideas. These included people and trading goods from different areas. All these peoples traveled the Silk Road, and they shared goods, stories, languages, and cultures.
In modern times, the old Silk Road routes（路线）are still used, but now they are crossed by trains instead of camels and horses. There is even a silk route museum in Jiuquan in China. It has over 35,000 objects from all along the Silk Road. In this way, China protects the history of many countries and peoples.
1. How many kilometers did the Silk Road cover?| A．About 3,000. | B．Nearly 6,500. | C．Almost 2,000. | D．Over 35,000. |
| A．Silk. | B．Cloth. | C．Gold. | D．Tea. |
| A．Asian soldiers. | B．African soldiers. | C．European soldiers. | D．American soldiers. |
| A．Valuable things could not be sold along the Silk Road. |
| B．The Silk Road allowed people from different countries to mix. |
| C．Ancient Chinese along the Slik Road may be able to speak different languages. |
| D．The objects in the museum in Jiuquan in China aren’t from all along the Silk Road. |
| A．History and Geography. | B．Sports World. | C．Man and Animals. | D．Popular Science. |
Many of us read news every day is probably because we’d like to know what’s happening in the world. Today we can get news from TV or the Internet, but how did ancient people get news?
At the very beginning, information spread by word of mouth. People living in tribes (部落), got news from neighbors or travelers. Ancient Romans changed the way people knew about their communities. They posted a list of daily happenings at public squares in the cities. Ancient Chinese people did it in another way. The government had news sheets sent to officials in the whole country so people could know what was going on in the capital.
The fifteenth century saw big progress in printing technology in the west. The progress brought a sudden rise of news business. Printers sold whatever people loved to read. In the sixteenth century, the first real newspaper appeared. People started to form the habit of reading newspapers. They liked to share their opinions on newspapers. The invention of telegraph (电报) machines led to another big step in history. News stories were sent to the papers in minutes instead of weeks.
Now we get news in seconds from all over the world. We can become some kind of reporters by posting online what happens around us.
1. From whom did people living in tribes get news?2. Where did ancient Romans post a list of daily happenings?
3. What brought a sudden rise of news business in the 15th century?
4. When did the first real newspapers appear?
5. How can we become some kind of reporters now?
5 . Do you know the famous Chinese saying “He
The Great Wall is made
Along the Great Wall, there are tall watch—towers（烽火台）. Once upon
Nowadays, we don’t use the Great Wall to keep away the enemies any more. Today the Great Wall is one of
| A．which | B．what | C．who |
| A．calls | B．is called | C．called |
| A．wide | B．long | C．tall |
| A．from | B．of | C．in |
| A．both | B．every | C．each |
| A．easy | B．difficult | C．interesting |
| A．work on | B．to work on | C．worked on |
| A．a | B．an | C．the |
| A．famous | B．more famous | C．the most famous |
| A．thousands | B．thousands of | C．thousand |
6 . 造纸术不仅是中国古代的伟大发明，同时也促进了世界文明的发展。请根据下面表格里所提供的内容，以“One of the Most Helpful Inventions”为题写一篇短文。词数60～80。
| Invention | paper |
| Time | the Western Han dynasty |
| Inventor | Cai Lun |
| Materials | bark, ropes, rags and so on |
| Uses | writing, painting, printing books and so on |
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
7 . There is a true story about the invention of Chinese chess. The story happened 2, 200 years ago. In order to bring down the Qin dynasty after the death of Emperor Qin Shihuang, the peasants fought against the government. Among them, the two strongest armies were led by Xiang Yu and Liu Bei. In order to decide who would become the new emperor, there was a great final battle between them. The battle field was along the Chu River. Finally, Liu and his army won the battle. So he became the emperor. People invented Chinese chess in memory of the famous battle.
根据短文内容，完成下列句子，每空一词。
1. There is a true story that
2. In order to bring down the Qin dynasty after the death of Emperor Qin Shihuang, the peasants fought
3. In order to decide who would become the new emperor, there was a great final battle
4. Finally, Liu and his army
5. People
8 . Paper was developed by a Chinese man named Cai Lun. Before that, people used wooden boards or bamboo to write on. Writing on those materials required a lot of time and effort. The bamboo boards were tied together to form books. These books were very heavy. later, silk and cotton were also used for writing, but as these were very expensive, they could only be used by rich men and were out of reach for common people. A new material had to be found. To solve this problem, Cai Lun thought about it for a long time, and did a lot of experiments.
Finally, he had made paper. It could be used for writing. When the emperor heard about this in the year 105 B.C., he gave Cai Lun a large reward.
根据短文内容，判断下列句子正（T）误（F）。
1. Paper was developed by a Chinese people.
2. People could use bamboo for writing books at that time.
3. During Cai Lun’s time, even common people used the silk and cotton to write on.
4. Cai Lun thought about how to make paper for a long time.
5. The emperor gave Cai Lun a large reward in the year 105 B. C.
9 . Shenzhen is a city in South China. It is not very big, but it has attracted people of the whole country and the whole world as well.
Many years ago, it was only a small fishing village. There were not many people there. Most of the people lived on fishing. Things have greatly changed since the early 1980s（20世纪80年代初）. It became the first special economic zone（经济特区）in China.
Because of the open policy, economic exchanges between China and the outside world have increased greatly. People can come and go easily between Shenzhen and Hong Kong. Both foreigners and Chinese have built a lot of factories, companies and tourist attractions there.
People all over the country have come to find jobs, many of them have settled down in this new booming（兴起的）city. Shenzhen is developing so fast that it has become a well—known metropolis（大都市）in China.
根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正（T）误（F）。
1. Shenzhen lies in South China.
2. Many years ago most of the people in Shenzhen caught fish for living.
3. Shenzhen became a special economic zone in the early time of the 1980s.
4. Foreigners have come to Shenzhen only for touring.
5. Many of them have settled down in this new booming city. “Settled down” in this sentence means “began to work”.
| come, enjoy, see, think, dance |
Have you
